In ancient times, the five elements that constitute various substances: water, fire, wood, metal, and earth were called the "five elements". Ancient Chinese thinkers tried to use the above-mentioned five substances commonly seen in daily life to explain the origin and diversity of all things in the world. There is a saying that "the five elements complement each other." Mutual generation means: wood generates fire, fire generates earth, earth generates metal, metal generates water, water generates wood; phase victory means: water beats fire, fire beats gold, metal beats wood, wood beats earth, and earth beats water. The theory of the Five Elements played a certain role in the development of ancient astronomy, calendar, medicine, etc. The five-line poem is to embed these five characters into the poem, combine them with other words, and combine them into a poem.

1. Sherlock Holmes (also translated as Sherlock Holmes)

Is a fictional detective character created by the British detective novelist Arthur Conan Dow at the end of the 19th century. The image of a talented detective created by Er. He is considered the representative of detectives and has become the idol of countless detectives for more than a century.

2. Bill Gates

Born on October 28, 1955 in Seattle, Washington, USA, he is a famous American entrepreneur, software engineer, philanthropist and chairman of Microsoft Corporation.

3. Stanislavski

Born in 1863 in a residence on Alekseyev Street in Moscow, he is a Russian actor, director, drama educator and theorist. His original surname was Alexeyev. Famous quote: "There are no small roles, only small actors." Classic book: "Actor's Self-cultivation"

4. Thread-bound book

Thread-bound book is also called ancient thread-bound book. Thread-bound books are an important invention of the working people of the ancient Han people. Some people believe that thread-bound books were sold in book markets during the Han Dynasty. In fact, there was a book market in the Han Dynasty, but there were no thread-bound books. Paper books in ancient China went through two stages: scrolls and albums. The scroll is assembled from a roll, a shaft, a yarn, and a belt. In the Han and Tang dynasties, there were only books of this kind in the form of scrolls. Today we see scroll paintings and calligraphy hanging on the walls, which are still the legacy of scroll paintings. After the late Tang Dynasty, scroll books transitioned to album books, and their binding methods evolved in various ways. They generally went through folding binding, whirlwind binding, butterfly binding, and back binding. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that thread-bound album books officially appeared. . Many of these old thread-bound books can be regarded as cultural relics and are very precious.

Requirements: Each person says four lines of poetry, there must be an ancient person in the poem, and the last four words include the content of the poem. The two ancients will continue to live together.

(1) Poetry: "A pair of golden hammers turned up and down, and the two armies smashed the golden cicadas in front of the formation. Who doesn't know that Yue Yun is brave and has infinite strength to lift Mount Tai."

Ancient allusions: Yue Yun's hammer shook the golden cicada. Jin Chanzi was a general (some say he was a son) of Wanyan Wushu, the fourth prince of the Jin Kingdom in "The Complete Biography of Shuo Yue". He and his younger brother Yin Chanzi served as generals under Wanyan Wushu. Cicada wields a pair of purple gold hammers, which are said to be courageous enough for thousands of people. After defeating Yue Fei's generals such as Niu Gao and Zhang Xian at Niutoushan, Yue Fei had no choice but to show his immunity from fighting. Later, Yue Yun came to help in the battle and secretly smashed the exemption card. Yue Fei strictly ordered him to atone for his crime. Yue Yun went out and smashed Jin Chanzi to death with a sledgehammer.

(2) Poetry: "One golden spear stirs up majesty, kills millions of Wushu soldiers, the traitor has twelve gold medals, Yue Fei is killed in Fengbo Pavilion."

The Ancients Allusion: Yue Fei (1103-1142), courtesy name Pengju, was born in Tangyin County, Xiangzhou of the Song Dynasty (now Tangyin County, Henan Province). He was a famous general in the Southern Song Dynasty who fought against the Jin Dynasty. He was a famous military strategist, strategist and national hero in Chinese history. He ranked among the four great heroes of the Zhongxing Dynasty in the Southern Song Dynasty. One of the generals. He surrendered to the army at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. In the more than ten years from 1128 to 1141 when he met Zongze, he led the Yue family army to fight hundreds of battles with the Jin army. He was invincible and "reached the position of general". In 1140, Wanyan Wushu destroyed the alliance and attacked the Song Dynasty. Yue Fei sent his troops to the Northern Expedition and recovered Zhengzhou, Luoyang and other places. He also defeated the Jin army in Yancheng and Yingchang and marched to Zhuxian Town. However, Song Gaozong and Qin Hui insisted on seeking peace and ordered their troops to retreat with twelve "gold-character plaques". Yue Fei was forced to withdraw from the army in isolation and without support. During the peace negotiations between the Song and Jin Dynasties, Yue Fei was framed by Qin Hui, Zhang Jun and others and was arrested and imprisoned.

In January 1142, Yue Fei was killed along with his eldest son Yue Yun and his general Zhang Xian on the "unfounded" charge of "treason".

(1) Poetry: "The female Chanjuan with a wooden comb and blue silk hair worships the moon in the garden and hates the sky. Wang Yun cleverly devised a series of plots to alienate the father and son, the beautiful Diao Chan."

Ancient allusions: Diao Chan is One of the four beauties in ancient China, she is a character in the historical novel "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". According to folklore, she was a native of Xinzhou, Shanxi, and was born in Luoyang. In folklore, the story that she was willing to sacrifice her life to complete the serial plan in order to repay her adoptive father Wang Yun for raising her was widely circulated among the people.

(2) Poetry: "The beautiful hero outside the wooden railing, walking in Fengyi Pavilion, looking at Dong Zhuo with Diao Chan in his arms, Lu Bu draws a halberd to stab the traitor."

Ancient allusions: Lu Bu , named Fengxian, was born in Jiuyuan County, Wuyuan County (now Jiuyuan District, Baotou, Inner Mongolia). He was a famous general in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and one of the heroes in the late Han Dynasty. He served as a general of Ding Yuan and Dong Zhuo successively, and after Wang Yun killed Dong, he was defeated by Li Guo and attached to Yuan Shao. After the failure of the battle for Yanzhou, he relied on Liu Bei to attack Liu Bei and separatize Xuzhou. In December of the third year of Jian'an (February 7, 199), he was defeated and executed by Cao Cao in Xiapi.

Requirements: When a person says a sentence, the beginning of the word and the end of the word must be pronounced. The name of a sentence must be an ancient person's name, and it must be from the same dynasty.

(1) "The water overflows the blue bridge with blue lotus flowers", "Wei Kuiyuan beside the lotus pond".

Origin: Wei Kuiyuan, a young man who didn’t like to read Confucian books while skipping school, went to the well to beg for water. He met Lan Ruilian, a young and beautiful woman who was occupied by the feudal bully landlord. The two were of equal talent and appearance. They are similar, and are also tortured by feudal ethics, and have the same rebellious spirit, so they meet to pursue free love hand in hand at midnight. However, there is a flash flood at night, Wei Kuiyuan takes shelter under the Lan Bridge, and is washed away by the flood. When Ruilian arrived at the bridge, she "didn't see the young master but saw the blue shirt", and committed suicide out of favor.

"Water Over the Blue Bridge" ("Blue Bridge Club") has different classic interpretations such as Sizhou Qinshu and Errenzhuan.

(2) "Yuanmen rescued her husband Mu Guiying", "the heroic Zongbao arrived in front of the tent".

Origin: During the Northern Song Dynasty, Empress Dowager Xiao of the Liao Kingdom invaded south and set up the Tianmen Formation. In order to break the formation, the Eight Sage Kings and She Taijun stationed at the border with the army to resist. Marshal Yang Yanzhao sent his son Yang Zongbao out to patrol the camp. Zongbao fought with Mu Guiying in Muke Village and was kidnapped to Muke Village. Zongbao and Guiying fell in love at first sight and got married. After Zongbao returned to camp, Yang Yanzhao was furious and wanted to have Zongbao beheaded at the camp gate to show the public. Taijun She and the Eighth Princes pleaded for mercy twice but failed. After Mu Guiying learned the news, she was eager to save her husband and presented Liulang with the "Dragon Subduing Wood" that was urgently needed to break the formation, and asked Zong to protect him and perform meritorious service. Liulang learned that Mu Guiying was both wise and brave, and had outstanding talent and appearance. In addition, Taijun She and the Eighth Sage Kings acted as guarantees, so Zongbao was exempted from the death penalty. Zongbao and Guiying went into battle, and the couple broke through the Tianmen formation.

(3) "The White Snake was married to the White Snake in my previous life." "The appearance of Zidu is that of Xu Xian."

Origin: The White Snake and Xu Xian is an ancient Chinese love story about a human and a demon. , one of the four major Chinese folk legends, tells the story of the love tragedy of the snake demon White Snake (original name Bai Suzhen) and the doctor Xu Xian, but was thwarted by the monk Fahai.

Zidu: refers to Gongsunzidu, a native of the Zheng state in the late Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn Period. His original name was Gongsun Yan (è), his surname was Ji, he had the same clan as the King of Zhou, and his courtesy name was Zidu. He was a clan of the Zheng state. Disciples (nobles of Zheng State). He is the official of the Duke of Zheng, the most beautiful man in the spring and Autumn period, with superb martial arts and handsome appearance. The descendants of Gongsun Lan took the surname Wang's father as their surname and called it the surname Du (dū).

There is a saying in "The Book of Songs": "There are Fusu in the mountains, and lotus flowers in the sky. If you don't see Zidu, you will see madness." It means that a girl originally had a date with a handsome guy, but... She waited and waited, but she didn't see her sweetheart, the handsome brother, but she saw a stupid fool. In this poem, "Zidu" is used as a pronoun for a handsome guy. "Mencius Gaozi 1": "As for Zidu, everyone in the world does not know its beauty. Those who do not know the beauty of Zidu have no eyes." It means that there is no one in the world who does not know how handsome and beautiful Zidu is, and people who do not know Zidu are blind people (blind people). It was a bit shocking that Yasheng actually said such words, but it also showed from the side how handsome the grandson and grandson were.

(4) "Liu Jinding, the daughter of the Immortal family.

""Ding Pi Hu Pai Jun Bao Nan. ”

Origin: Although Liu Jinding (Ding) has not many deeds, she is the female general of the Song Dynasty second only to Mu Guiying in the storytelling series formed since the Ming Dynasty. Liu Jinding is the wife of Gao Junbao, Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin The heroines of the era. Among the traditional dramas are "Liu Jinding's three visits to the Southern Tang Dynasty", including "Chopping Cards to Recruit a Marriage", "Slaying the Four Gates", "The Remaining Flood of Fire", "Liu Jinding Filling the Medicine", "The Array of Ghosts", "Guan Guan" "Star", "Liu Jinding's Death", "Birth in the Tomb" and other plays

(5) "Men are not as brave as Fan Lihua. "Xue Dingshan is the brave champion of the three armies." ”

Origin:

Fan Lihua, an ancient Chinese heroine, is well-known for her story of how she and Xue Dingshan put down the chaos in the northwest, and how they fought and rebelled on the battlefield, and had a profound influence on later generations. Fan Lihua is one of the four major heroines in ancient China. Compared with Hua Mulan and Mu Guiying, she seems to have a stronger mythological character. At this time, without exception, we will talk about such an ancient woman who is full of rebellious spirit and dares to boldly pursue ideal love.

(6) "The daughter of Shanqian Xueyi Zhuang." "My daughter is married to me, Luo." ”

Origin:

Luo Cheng is a fictional character based on folklore in old martial arts novels such as "The Romance of the Sui and Tang Dynasties" and "The Story of the Rising Tang Dynasty". He is the son of Luo Yi, King Yan of the Tang Dynasty, and the representative of Qin Qiong. Brother. There is no such person in history. It is generally believed that Luo Cheng's prototype was Luo Shixin, a famous general in the early Tang Dynasty who died when he was only in his twenties. He ranked seventh among the eighteen heroes of the Sui and Tang Dynasties and ranked eighth among the sixteen heroes. " and "Shuo Tang" are all heroes of the seventh chapter. Their character traits are "sinister, sinister, poisonous, spicy, and ruthless", which makes them "steady, accurate, and ruthless" with their ultimate guns. At that time, they were known as the handsome young men with cold faces and cold guns.

(7) "The Yuan River crossed the Weaver Girl again. ""The Cowherd is carried away to the nine heavens. "

Origin:

The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl is one of the four major folk love legends of the Chinese Han people (the other three are "The Legend of the White Snake", "Meng Jiangnu Cries at the Great Wall", "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai" "), the festival related to this legend is the Qixi Festival. As the earliest story about stars by the Chinese people, there is this passage in Ren Fang's "Shu Yi Ji" in the Southern and Northern Dynasties: "To the east of the river, there is a beautiful woman, who is the son of the Emperor of Heaven. The female worker worked hard year after year, weaving clothes made of clouds and silk. Her hard work brought no joy, and she had no time to tidy up her appearance. The Emperor of Heaven took pity on her for being alone, and married him to Hexi Petunia. From then on, her achievements in weaving and weaving were wasted, and she never returned to pleasure. . When the emperor was angry, he placed the blame on Hedong and met once a year. "In 2008, the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl was selected into the national intangible cultural heritage list.

(8) "Pan Jinlian was born so beautiful. "See me, Ximen Qing, here." "

Origin:

Pan Jinlian, a character in "Water Margin" and a further character in "The Plum in the Golden Ping". For hundreds of years, she has been nailed to the pillar of historical shame. She is a model of coquettishness, lewdness, and cruelty. In Chinese moral concepts, few people sympathize with her plight. This is Pan Jinlian's "Xiaoxiaosheng", which is full of drama and drama. In "Jin Ping Mei", her experience, character, and life have been enriched in many aspects, thus shaping Pan Jinlian into a beautiful, ruthless, trouble-making, and excessively lustful woman. Ximen Qing's fifth concubine finally died at the hands of Wu Song.

However, Pan Jinlian's historical prototype is completely different from the novel. Pan Jinlian was the daughter of the Zhizhou family and lived not far from Wujiana Village. She liked Wu Dalang and Wu Zhi, often helped him, and married him in harmony and had four children.

(9) "Bianguan Meng Jiangnu went to find her husband." . "I went to see Fan Xiliang but didn't return." ”

Origin:

The folk story of Meng Jiangnu crying at the Great Wall is a famous folk legend in ancient my country. It is widely circulated in the form of dramas, ballads, poems, raps, etc. It is a household name. According to legend, during the reign of Qin Shihuang, the labor was heavy. Three days after the wedding of young men and women Fan Xiliang and Meng Jiangnu, the groom was forced to set out to build the Great Wall. He soon died of hunger and cold and fatigue, and his bones were buried under the Great Wall.

Meng Jiangnu, carrying cold clothes and going through hardships, traveled thousands of miles to find her husband and came to the Great Wall, but what she got was the bad news of her husband. She cried bitterly under the city for three days and three nights. The city collapsed, revealing Fan Xiliang's body. Meng Jiangnu threw herself into the sea and died in despair.

(10) "There is also Po Xi sitting upstairs." "Sitting upstairs to kill Song Laosan."

Origin: Chapter 21 of "Water Margin" and "Water Margin" Adapted from the legend "Water Margin".

Summary of the story: Song Jiang was a scribe in Yuncheng County, and he was nicknamed Yan Xijiao, a local prostitute. He camped in Wulongyuan to house his mother and daughter and provide them with food and clothing. Song Jiang had a disciple, Zhang Wenyuan, who was of a healthy nature and liked to travel. He often went to the hospital by car and talked and laughed with Yan Xijiao. Yan Xijiao also fell in love with Zhang Wenyuan, who was young and romantic, so she became friends with him. For a long time, I liked Zhang Wenyuan but hated Song Jiang. Song Jiang heard this and blamed Yan Xijiao for being ungrateful and unkind. Yan Xijiao was dissatisfied and retorted, and Song Jiang was ridiculed. When Song Jiang was in Yuncheng, he often colluded with Liangshan thief Chao Gai and others to communicate with each other privately. One day, Chao Gai sent Liu Tang to Songjiang to write a letter and give him money. Songjiang kept the book and gold in his invitation bag. We stayed in Wulongyuan for the night and hurried out at dawn. On the way, I suddenly realized that my recruitment bag was lost in the hospital. I was shocked and rushed back to the hospital to search, but I couldn't find it. It must have been hidden by Yan Xijiao. When asked, Yan Xijiao admitted frankly. Song Jiang begged again and again, promising to give up all his money and begging for the book to be returned. Yan Xijiao turned around and refused, forcing Song Jiang to write a written document in person, promising to have contact with Zhang Wenyuan, and Song Jiang was not allowed to come to the hospital again. Song Jiang had no choice but to agree. After the establishment of the throne, Yan Xijiao said that the stolen books should be presented to the county magistrate, and Song Jiang collected them in court. Song Jiang was very anxious and begged endlessly, but Yan Xijiao turned a deaf ear. Song Jiang was furious, so he drew his knife and stabbed Yan Xijiao to death, took the book and left. When Yan Po saw that her daughter had been killed by Song Jiang, she immediately controlled Song Jiang in the county. The county magistrate Min knew that Song Jiang was an honest and generous man and wanted to favor him. Reluctantly, Zhang Wenyuan hurt his lover and suffered a cruel death. In order to avenge him, he insisted on Song Jiang's crime and ordered Yan Po to take control to threaten the county magistrate. The county magistrate Naike Songjiang was charged with manslaughter and was exiled to Jiangzhou. Later, Zhang Wenyuan was captured alive by Yan Xijiao, but he did not end well.

(11) "Three Halls will judge Yutangchun." "In the spring, my king Jinlong will arrive in Henan."

Origin: "Yutangchun", about Wang Jinlong, a son of an official, and Su Sanshu, a famous prostitute. Together with his white head, he was expelled because he ran out of money, and the Guan Wang Temple collapsed. Su San learned about it and went to the temple to donate money so that Wang could return to Nanjing. Madam Hou sold Su San to Shanxi wealthy businessman Shen Yanlin as his concubine. Shen's wife, Pi, had an affair with Zhao Jiansheng, poisoned Shen to death, and falsely accused Su San. The county magistrate took bribes and sentenced Su Sanwen to death. He was sent to the three halls of Taiyuan for a joint trial. The presiding judge was Inspector Wang Jinlong, so the unjust case was vindicated and Wang and Su were reunited.

(12) "Nanke woke up Lin Daiyu." "The jade wrist rested on Baoyu's shoulder."

Lin Daiyu, one of the heroines in the novel "A Dream of Red Mansions". She is the granddaughter of the old lady Jia Mu. She was frail and sentimental since she was a child. Because her mother died early, she stayed in Jia's house. Later, her father died of illness and she lived a life of dependence on others. Lin Daiyu was born with stunning looks and unparalleled poetic talent. She was ranked first among the "Twelve Hairpins of Jinling" (along with Baochai).

Jia Baoyu, the male protagonist in the Chinese classic "A Dream of Red Mansions". He is a stubborn stone abandoned by Nuwa Butian at the foot of Qinggeng Peak and the reincarnation of the attendant Shenying of Chixia Palace. He is the second son born to Jia Zheng of Rongguo Mansion and Mrs. Wang. He was born with a jade in his head, and he is the direct grandson of the Jia family, so he was named Jia Baoyu. The Jia family was also known as Bao Erye.

(13) "Mulan with golden armor on her shoulders."

Hua Mulan is one of the four heroines in ancient Chinese legends. She is a legendary heroine in the Southern and Northern Dynasties of China. , her story is also a tragic heroic epic. Mulan first appeared in a narrative poem "Mulan Ci" in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The poem was written around the Northern Wei Dynasty in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and was originally included in Chen's "Gu and Modern Music Records" in the Southern Dynasties.

Requirements: Each person speaks four sentences and tells a story, beginning with the last word and ending with the last four characters.

(1) "The new grave is surrounded by fire paper, and there is a beautiful woman in front of it. Who is as miserable as me? My husband will die early." - The little widow visits the grave.

(2) "The cremation paper and ashes are scattered, and the young man is walking. A man's life is really hard, and he is looking forward to a beautiful woman." - A bachelor cries for his wife.

——I am destined for marriage, I hope you marry me

Requirements: Each person should write four poems, with the beginning and end of each word, and some additional words.

Um, ah, yes... are added after the four lines of poetry and before the four small characters.

(1) "The exotic local flowers are particularly fragrant, and the fragrant body lies on the ivory bed. I often think of my lover in bed, and I think of the talented man accompanying me at midnight."

(2) " Returning from a trip to Tushan, I quietly went into the curtain to have a good time, and called on my gums to blow out the lamp. "

- "Hey, Lang Ke is here."

——"Well, blow out the lamp..."

These four sentences reflect the bathhouse culture of Lao Beidian.

For old Beijingers, going to the bathhouse to take a bath has been integrated into their lives and has become a way of life and a habit. Due to its special geographical and cultural characteristics, Beijing has become a representative of the bathhouse culture in northern my country. The bathhouses in old Beijing are often used as materials by literati and poets to depict various aspects of the world.

The history of this industry can be traced back to the Song Dynasty. According to Song Naideweng's "Capital Records·Zhu Xing": "The bathhouse is called Xiangxiang Tang"; Wu Zimu's "Mengliang Lu·Tuanxing" records: "The person who opened the bathhouse was named Xiangxiangxing". According to legend, the bathhouses in old Beijing began in the Yuan Dynasty. At that time, the bathhouses in Beijing were opened by monks from major monasteries in the temples, mainly for worshipers to bathe. Although there were many bathhouses run by monks in monasteries in the Ming Dynasty, and there is a record that "all the officials bathed in Buddhist temples with bathhouses outside the imperial city, and there were dedicated people to bathe in order to receive rewards," but they were far from meeting the needs of society. During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, a formal bathing industry began to appear in Beijing. The emergence and rise of private baths gradually became the main place for people to bathe. By the Qing Dynasty, the bathhouse's territory had expanded to the Xizhimen and Chaoyangmen areas. After the Revolution of 1911, as the times progressed, this industry gradually flourished and developed. In 1916, women’s bathrooms appeared in Beijing. In 1928, bathhouse operators established the Bathhouse Merchant Guild, which was later renamed the Bathhouse Trade Association. The bathhouse business thus formed a major service industry. By the 1930s, the bathhouse industry gradually expanded, and there were bathhouses of varying sizes in all the main bustling streets in the city.

As the saying goes, what you do is what you shout, and you can attract business by shouting. For example, "The soup is hot before the golden rooster sings, and the red sun rises in the east and the hall is full of guests.", "The clean room of the red building warms the heart, and the green spring and jade pool wash away the dust."

Since it is a place where people cleanse themselves and bathe, they pay attention to cleanliness. However, people from all walks of life, including Five Elements, Eight Works, Three Religions and Nine Streams, will inevitably come. Those who are taboo to the general public, or those who have trouble with their own business, will come. On the premise of not offending the guests, use some couplets to tactfully persuade the guests to avoid trouble. . For example, "If you are sick, don't come to wash yourself. If you are drunk, don't come to the hall when you are old." "Ailed" refers to people with unclean external sores, drunk people, and older people. Such guests should be invited Do not take a shower in the hall.

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Listen to cross talk and increase your knowledge | There is a lot of knowledge in "Miscellaneous Sing" (2) -

Listen to cross talk and increase your knowledge｜There is a lot of knowledge in "Miscellaneous Singing" (3) -