The structural form of typical empirical materials should generally be like this:

1, title; 2. Preface; 3. The first part of subtitles.

Preface Some people like to open one, two and three directly under the subheadings.

The first level; The second level; The third level; Wait a minute.

The second part and the third part are also of the same structural form.

The whole material should be more than three parts. Now it's mostly four points, and three points are thin. We should write typical empirical materials with such formal consciousness, and we should also consider the light and heavy balance of all parts and levels, not a big space or a small space. Of course, not only the typical empirical materials should have a complete structural form, but all other materials should consider the problem of structural beauty before writing.

Second, we should make an in-depth investigation and get a lot of first-hand information.

Mastering accurate and rich first-hand information is the premise of writing typical empirical materials.

When conducting an investigation, we should first draw up the theme of empirical materials, and dig and find out the materials around the theme. There are also surveys on whether there is a theme. Before the investigation, there is only one general direction. For example, the leader told me that the officers and men of a certain army have a good relationship. Let's take a look and sum up. But it is not clear what kind of experience is summed up, or there is no idea in advance. The idea of summing up experience came into being after investigation. Maybe I was going to learn other things, but I felt that my experience in one aspect was very good in the process of understanding, so a theme came into being.

Generally speaking, it is better to write typical empirical materials and carry out investigations with a purpose and theme. In this way, it is beneficial to the investigation and can improve the efficiency of the investigation.

Third, we should think deeply and set a good theme.

The theme should highlight the key points. Not too big and not too wide. For example, party committees, branches or party member teams generally cannot be called party organization building; Whether we talk about supervision or unity learning, we can't talk about party Committee building in general; No matter whether we talk about law and discipline education or ideological education, we can't generalize it as political education.

The theme should meet the requirements. What is needed at present should be summarized and refined, and the old theme should not be repeated. Different topics can be extracted from the same materials and practices. For example, 160 hospital adopts the way of entrusting personnel agency to introduce talents, which can be regarded as one of the ways to solve the contradiction between talent supply and demand, and can also be regarded as the performance of innovation. Therefore, we should refine the theme from the height of the times, and the refined theme should have a guiding role for the present.

The theme should be based on practical work. Themes must be extracted from real works, and we can't engage in false and empty things in order to extract new themes and be divorced from facts.

Fourth, we should carefully design the layout articles.

After the investigation, the situation is mastered, the theme is clear, and the formal beauty that should be there is also known. Next, we must carefully design, how to write the whole material, and set up a shelf.

First of all, we should determine the big topic and the topics of each part, and the big topic should clearly express the theme. Each part of the topic should be listed around the big topic, which can support the big topic, decompose the big topic and express the theme. In most cases, each part of the topic is parallel, that is, it supports and reflects the big topic and theme from different sides. Some relationships are not parallel, but progressive, or a combination of several relationships. The big topics and topics of each part should be novel and unique, reflect the characteristics of the work and leave an impression on people. It should be popular, clear, operational and of universal guiding significance, not far-fetched, and you should make up your own words to harm your meaning.

Secondly, we should carefully consider what to write in the big sequence, what to write in the small sequence of each part, how to divide each part into several levels, what to introduce at each level, and list the outline. The preface is the overall planning of the whole material, so people should be able to understand what the material is about after reading it. Therefore, it is necessary to have a practical foundation and practical effect. The preface is the beginning of this part, which explains why we should do this. Draw out the following roles, no longer talk about the effect, but talk about the goal and intention. Each part should be graded according to the material capacity. If the capacity is large, it must be divided, and if the capacity is small, it is unnecessary to divide it. If you want to divide into levels, each level should have a subtitle and be basically symmetrical.

Third, the purpose of careful planning is to make the full text closely around the theme, and all materials are closely organized around the performance theme. We can't make it free. Therefore, through design, we must ensure that the whole material has a theme; Each part has a relatively independent point of view, and these relatively independent points of view are all around the theme and express the theme from different sides.

Five, master the writing skills

When we read some materials at ordinary times, we may find the content good, but it looks more difficult, awkward and complicated. The reason is that some essentials and skills of writing have not been mastered. Writing skills are the carrier of theme ideas and experiences, so we should pay attention to using some writing skills well.

The first is the skill of language use. Sentences should not be too long, they can be very short. Instead of putting more punctuation marks, we shorten sentences by changing the expression. (2) the language should be as appropriate as possible, not too big, such as revolutionary consciousness and contribution to capitalism. Too much use can easily make people feel divorced from reality. Keep the theme consistent, and don't change it too often. ④ Pay attention to the logical relationship between sentences. There should be a certain logical relationship between sentences. There is a parallel relationship, such as unifying thoughts, raising awareness and strengthening confidence. Synonymous, used to emphasize, render and create momentum, such as copper peas that are not rotten, boiled, broken or fried; If you obey orders, obey them. There is a coherent relationship, and it should be arranged in a certain order. Such as: open the car door, start the ignition, and start it in gear. There is a progressive relationship, such as: the beauty of the world is Mo Ruochu, the beauty of Chu is Mo, and the beauty of ministers is the son of Mo Ruochen. There are explanations, such as: Concorde plane crash, 1 13 people were killed, there were 100 passengers, 9 crew members and 4 hotel staff. There is a causal relationship, for example, because the responsibility system has been strictly implemented, all kinds of accident cases have been fundamentally controlled. If these relationships are used well, they will be smooth.

The second is the skill of transition, which is also the skill of connecting the preceding with the following. See more "Here's how we do it". This method is stupid and useless, which is tantamount to nonsense. There are also "taking the following three methods" and so on. Natural law should be used as much as possible. In Mao Zedong's poem "Bi Yuan Chun Xue", "There are countless beauties in the mountains and rivers, and the heroes are bent over" is a sentence that connects the preceding with the following and makes a clever transition. Although it is difficult for us to write the transitional sentences seamlessly like Mao Zedong, we should try our best to be natural, for example, "Although we have made achievements, we should continue to work hard. One must, two must "and so on. , is a natural transition.

The third is the skill to the point. Where to start writing and get into the subject is also skillful. This aspect can be divided into: being hit to the point by real problems; Get to the point through thinking; Practical inspiration; Introduce the situation straight to the point.

The fourth is the skill of summarizing sentences. Summarizing sentences is very important. Bad sentences will give people a feeling of wanting more, sudden and irrelevant. There are many forms of concluding sentences. As far as the effects of the experiences and practices introduced in the materials are concerned, there are several kinds: first, general summary sentences and common expressions, such as unifying everyone's understanding; Through education, everyone has improved their consciousness and so on. This way of summing up sentences is the author's summary, which has the author's subjective color, and the statement, which many comrades say; Everyone unanimously said; Someone was mentioned in the discussion; So-and-so wrote it and so on. The third is the conclusion of action, such as writing a letter of determination and a letter of recommendation; Change a certain practice and increase the input of people, talents and materials; Carry out activities, etc. The fourth is the conclusion of the leader's praise, such as which level is affirmed. But no matter what kind of sentence, we should respond to the theme, embody the theme and strengthen the theme.