I think what you are asking is: The Master said on the river: "The deceased is like a man, never giving up day and night."

And the textbook I saw is this:

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1. Confucius said: "Learning and practicing it from time to time, isn't it also said (yuè)? Isn't it a joy to have friends coming from afar? If a person doesn't know but is not surprised (yùn), isn't he a gentleman?"

[Explanation] The first sentence talks about the method of learning. "Shi" is an adverb here, equivalent to "with time", which can be interpreted as "according to a certain time" or "in time". The original meaning of "Xi" is "birds flying", which is extended to "practice" and "exercise". The lessons taught by Confucius, such as etiquette, music, archery, and martial arts, all require practice to master; but other lessons, such as lectures, can only be "reviewed" or "reviewed." You need to understand these words vividly.

The second sentence talks about the joy of learning. Old annotation for "friend": "A fellow student is called a friend." It is similar to the current "classmate" and "classmate". There is a background for Confucius to say this. "Historical Records: The Family of Confucius" says that after Confucius resigned from office, he devoted himself to teaching, and "there were more and more disciples, traveling from far away." This naturally made him feel happy. This sentence was said by Confucius to his disciples, so "friend" refers to a like-minded person.

The third sentence talks about human attitude, which belongs to the scope of personal cultivation. "People don't know", what does "people don't know" mean? It's not said out loud, but the meaning is very clear, it's "oneself". It can also be seen from the sentence "Don't worry about what others don't know (don't worry about others not knowing you)" in "The Analects of Confucius Xianwen". "Junzi" has multiple meanings in the Analects: sometimes it refers to a moral person; sometimes it refers to a person in a high position. In this sentence, the preceding meaning is taken. Because this word is commonly used now and everyone understands its meaning, we have no translation; it must be translated, and it can also be translated as "noble person".

2. Zengzi said: "I will examine myself three times in a day: Are I unfaithful in my plans for others? Are I unfaithful in making friends? Are I not accustomed to teaching?"

［ Explanation] "The Analects of Confucius" records the general names of Confucius' disciples, such as "Zilu" for Zhongyou, "Zigong" for Duanmu, and "Zi" for Zeng Shen, because this book was written by Confucius' second or third disciples. Remember, he once received his education from Zeng Shen. "Three provinces" and many reflections. In classical Chinese, the characters "三" and "九" all have the meaning of "many" and are not exact numbers. The following three things are coincidences. Zhu Xi believes that the most important thing is to learn, "transfer" means to receive it from a teacher, "xi" means to become familiar with it yourself, and "loyalty" and "faithfulness" are the foundation of "transfer". From this we can see that ancient scholars attached great importance to the cultivation of moral character.

3. By reviewing the past and learning the new, you can become a teacher.

[Explanation] This article also talks about learning methods and emphasizes the necessity of independent thinking, because only "reviewing the past" without independent thinking will definitely not achieve the purpose of "knowing the new". In the past, there was an understanding that "reviewing the past" (reviewing old knowledge) and "knowing the new" (acquiring new knowledge) are two aspects that complement each other. As Zixia said, "Every day you know what you don't have, and every month you forget nothing." What he can do" (see "The Analects of Confucius·Zi Zhang"), this is because the following word "be a teacher" is ignored. The "Book of Rites·Xue Ji" recorded this sentence of Confucius: "The knowledge of memorizing questions is not enough to be a teacher." This shows that Confucius believed that you can only memorize some knowledge and cannot be someone else's teacher; you must integrate the knowledge and master it. Only when you can make discoveries while reviewing old knowledge can you "become a teacher." It can be seen that "reviewing the past" and "knowing the new" are not two equal things. The key lies in "knowing the new", which requires independent thinking.

4. Confucius said: "Learning without thinking is in vain; thinking without learning is peril."

[Explanation] This article also talks about learning methods and explains learning and thinking. The dialectical relationship between the two cannot be neglected. Among them, the words "甔" and "瀆" have always been interpreted in different ways. Zhu Xi's note says: "If you don't seek all kinds of minds, you will be confused and gain nothing; if you don't get used to it, you will be in danger and uneasy." "Not seeking all kinds of minds" means not thinking; "not getting used to it" means not doing anything. read. When talking about this chapter, we must prevent one-sided understanding and make students realize that "learning" is the foundation. Confucius attached great importance to "learning" and opposed any random thinking without the foundation of "learning". He once said: "I have not eaten all day long, and have not slept all night, thinking, it is useless, it is not as good as learning.

"("Wei Linggong")

5. Confucius said: "Because, teach your daughter to know it! Knowing it is knowing it, not knowing it is not knowing, it is knowing. ”

[Explanation] Regarding the background of this passage, it is recorded in "Xunzi·Zidao": Zilu saw Confucius in a rich dress, and Confucius criticized him; Zilu then changed his clothes and entered, but the color was still full Confucius said to him again: "...Therefore, if a gentleman knows something, he says he knows it; if he doesn't know it, he says he doesn't know it; if he can do it, he says he can do it; if he cannot do it, he says he can't do it." If you speak the essentials, you will know; if you act, you will be benevolent. Since you know and are benevolent, it is not enough for you to be evil!" According to this, the last word "zhi" should be pronounced as "wisdom". The meaning of Confucius's words is that you should be careful in your words and deeds, and do not exaggerate your knowledge and knowledge. Skill. In modern terms, it means to have a humble attitude towards learning.

6. Master said: "When you see a good person, think about it, and when you see a bad person, you should reflect on yourself." "

7. Confucius said: "When three people walk together, they must have my teacher. Choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones. ”

The contents of these two chapters are the same, so they are merged.

[Explanation] These two chapters also talk about learning attitude, which means to learn from everyone and pay attention to it anytime and anywhere. To learn, you must not only learn from the strengths of others, but also learn from the shortcomings of others and reflect on whether you have similar problems to others. Laozi also said something similar: "A good person is the teacher of an unkind person; an unkind person is the resource of a kind person." "Zi" also means to draw lessons from it.

8. Zengzi said: "A scholar cannot be without great perseverance. The responsibilities are long and the road ahead is long." Isn’t it important to consider benevolence as one’s own responsibility? Isn't it just a matter of time before death? "

[Explanation] "Shi" appears about fifteen times in "The Analects", mostly referring to people with ambition or special social status. "Hong" means broad-minded; "Yi" means will Be strong. Only when you have a broad mind can you accept important responsibilities; only when you have a strong will can you persist in struggle. "Benevolence" is the core of Confucius's teachings. The purpose of Zeng Zi's words is to encourage his disciples to strive for the ideal of "benevolence" throughout their lives.

9. Confucius said: "When the year is cold, you will know that the pines and cypresses will wither. "

[Explanation] This is a metaphor for social phenomena in which pines and cypresses wither after death. He Yanji explains: "In the year of the Great Cold, all the trees will die, and then we know that the pines and cypresses will wither a little; The dead must be separated from each other after the cold years pass by. It means that when ordinary people are dealing with the world, they can also cultivate themselves, just like a gentleman; in troubled times, they will then know that a gentleman is upright and unsmiling. Zhu Xi cited Fan and said: "A villain may be no different from a gentleman when it comes to governing the world, but when faced with interests and dangers, when things happen, the gentleman's position can be seen." "The two theories are very similar.

10. Zigong asked: "Is there anything you can say that can be implemented throughout your life?" Confucius said: "Forgive! Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you. "

[Explanation] Zengzi once said: "The way of the Master is only loyalty and forgiveness. "Loyalty" and "forgiveness" are exactly the two aspects of Confucius' theory of "benevolence": the requirement of "loyalty" is "to establish oneself, one can establish others; if one wants to achieve oneself, one can achieve others", which is a positive side; "forgiveness" "The requirement of "benevolence" is "Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you." This is the negative side. Confucius said many things about "benevolence". Upon closer analysis, they are all related to these two points, such as "Cultivate yourself to calm others. ", "cultivation of oneself" means "forgiveness", and "pacification of people" means "loyalty". Since Zigong asked about the "one word" that can be practiced throughout his life (actually asking about "Tao"), Confucius took "Sorry" to answer him.