Quick material selection (1) Find materials similar to the topic in the textbook. (This was first advocated) For example, this topic "Loneliness and Brilliance" means that Qian Zhongshu became a great scholar and a great writer (brilliance) by reading "book by book" (loneliness).

① Maupassant studied under Flaubert and practiced his pen assiduously for ten years. He wrote articles one after another, but he threw them all away and did not publish any works until he wrote the short story " Ball of Suet" shocked the French literary world as soon as the work was published. After becoming famous, the writer could still calm down and write hard, so he wrote a lot of works throughout his life. He was known as the "King of Short Stories" in France in the 19th century and an "outstanding and flawless literary master".

②Wang Anshi of the Northern Song Dynasty wrote an article "Injury to Zhongyong", saying that Zhongyong was a child prodigy with extraordinary talent and quick literary thinking. He was very talented in poetry when he was 5 years old, but his father could not help himself. He was not allowed to settle down and continue to study and learn, but "Zhongyong visited the people in the city every day", exchanging poems for money and seeking fame and fortune. In the end, he "disappeared from everyone" and became mediocre.

③For example, Lu Xun, Marie Curie, Einstein and other famous people at home and abroad in ancient and modern times.

(2) Find fresh examples from life.

① Yuan Longping, the father of rice who “moved China” in 2005, is a true cultivator. When he was still a rural teacher, he already had the courage to subvert the world's authority; when he became famous all over the world, he still only focused on farming. Indifferent to fame and wealth, he is willing to be a farmer, spreading wisdom in loneliness and harvesting wealth in loneliness.

② Xu Benyu, a teacher from impoverished mountainous areas who "moved China" in 2005, etc.

③Looking back at the history of human civilization, most of the real wisdom, great ideas and inventions were not produced in the excitement of among. Laozi, who was described as a "dragon" by Confucius, had almost no writings during his time at the "National Library". When he left Hangu Pass in the west, in response to the repeated pleas of the passer Yin Xi, he wrote the "Tao Te Ching" on the back of an ox, which he wrote eloquently for five thousand years. Character. Those 5,000 words were very impressive and immediately won glory. However, I went straight to the west, leaving my glory far behind, leaving it to the world to study, while I still enjoyed my loneliness alone.

④Art, especially true art, is destined to be a lonely person’s career. People in loneliness have the richest and most delicate feelings. They can experience life that others cannot experience, understand truths that others cannot understand, discover ideas that others cannot discover, gain energy that others cannot obtain, and finally achieve things that others cannot achieve. cause. Why do many writers write masterpieces before becoming famous, but have mediocre performance after becoming famous? Is it because he has too many social activities and cannot guarantee creative time after becoming famous, or is it because he has become famous and has a high status that he cannot go deep into life, or is it because he has lost the lonely state of mind that originally made him very sharp and wise?

5. Bing Xin is a famous female writer in the history of modern Chinese literature. When she was 7 years old, she began to read "Three Kingdoms", "Water Margin" and "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio". Although she only knew a little about it, her interest became more and more intense. As she got older, she was used to sitting at her desk, even at her favorite beach. I stopped going and locked myself in my room all day long. She seemed to be forgotten by her companions, and she also forgot her companions. There are books in the room and characters and stories in my mind. Others are worried about her loneliness, but she doesn't realize that she may not even understand what loneliness is. Just like this, I am lonely day by day, just like this, I am obsessed with it day by day. Finally one day, there was a fresh and beautiful woman in the Chinese literary world. She spent her whole life creating a large number of works and infecting generations of readers. Bing Xin turned loneliness into insanity, sweeping out a pure land in the noisy world to purify herself. She gave the best interpretation of loneliness.

6. Because she is willing to be lonely, Mrs. Curie is not arrogant in the face of honors. She gives precious medals to her children as toys and educates them that honors can only be played for fun. It is precisely because of this attitude , which enabled her to reach the pinnacle of science and leave a truly eternal glory in people's hearts.

7. After Watt invented the steam engine, he was busy with various entertainments all day long, and wasted his life. There were no other inventions to benefit mankind, and his life was ultimately lonely.

8. Alexandre Dumas, who was once a prominent figure in the literary world, lay in the black grave created by honor after writing "The Three Musketeers" and "The Count of Monte Cristo", and was finally lonely for the rest of his life.

9. Two people who stick to the symbol of "loneliness"

I wonder if Sun Li and Ma Sanli, who have lived in the same city for a long time, had any exchanges during their lifetimes. The author discovered that this has never happened. There are so many similarities between these two masters, one specializing in art, one focusing on elegance and the other focusing on vulgarity!

Both of them are longevity bearers of life. Aged ninety, according to the "Zuo Zhuan" standard of "medium longevity", they are two elders in the Chinese literary and artistic circles who are close to "medium longevity".

Both of them are also creative longevity ones. The creative vitality is so strong! In the last 20 years of his life, Sun Li published 10 books at a rate of one every two years. From "Lotus Lake" to "The Finale", the 70-year literary journey has left millions of words of works in this world. Ma Sanli did not farewell to performing until he was 88 years old. In his 80-year cross talk career, he has hundreds of delicious jokes that are well-known. Ma Daha and "Meeting Fan" have already entered the dictionary...

The works of both of them are very different. Good times catch the heat. In writing and speaking, he invariably stayed away from "yelling" and refused to raise his voice. The themes are not that "heavy" and the melody is not that "main". Even "Lotus Lake" and "Tiemu Qianzhuan" are both martial arts, literature and singing, and they lift "heavy" as if they are "light". Ma Sanli, on the other hand, pretends to be the joys, sorrows, and joys of a small person, and the appearance of all living beings from the perspective of the market. It’s a world away from today’s “fake empty” cross talk that praises how farmers ride BMWs, use laptops, wear fur coats backwards, and have two plasma TVs in their bedrooms!

Both the two elders love the calm and peaceful style. The advocacy of the "Lotus Lake School" and the consistency of "literary" and "cold humor" are unique and unique. Jia Pingwa said: Sun Li's article is so good that you don't realize it is an article, and it is difficult to find skills. Reading his articles is as comfortable as reading a book, and I also want to see the ease of the calligrapher. As time goes by, the simplicity, elegance, elegance and sophistication become more apparent, reaching the perfection of "the big taste must be light" and "the great road returns low". Ma Sanli specifically uses "I" as the object of ridicule, making you laugh at yourself and laugh at yourself. It is the weaknesses of human nature that are being ridiculed. With his unique "nagging energy", he pushed his cheeks in hard and "teased you" in a calm and whispering voice. Never teach from a high platform, never give gifts, and impose laughter. Sad but not resentful, vulgar but not elegance, tactful but ironic, happy but not obscene. Tradition has been fully promoted and promoted here.

Some critics say that Sun Li's works cannot be imitated or imitated: "Sun Li is the writer most easily misunderstood by society, and the writer most easily 'fooled' by imitators." Coincidentally, there are also comments Experts say that Ma Sanli cannot be imitated: "Whoever does not learn Ma Sanli will not be able to speak cross talk, and whoever learns Ma Sanli will not be able to speak cross talk well." Their unique styles have simply made the two of them "loners".

The two of them also seem to have similar personalities, both being low-key. Stay away from the hustle and bustle of the world, stick to loneliness; have not entered the officialdom, should not be a red star, do not boast or brag, and have no competition or contention. He has always lived outside his "business" and "outside the circle": he is far away from the literary world but not away from literature, and he is far away from the art world but not far away from cross talk. As Mr. Feng Jicai said: This kind of loneliness is thorough and real. At a time when the art world, the literary world, and even large-scale evening parties all advocate noisyness, these are really two "alternatives" that are harmonious but different.

Nie Gannu has a poem: "There are many dull pains in middle age, and there is no fame in old age." It seems to be written specifically for the two of them. Even though Sun Li joined the revolution early, he lacked the proper knowledge about human relations, let alone the ability to deal with it. During the "Cultural Revolution", he suffered persecution and was relegated to a shabby house. He thought of committing suicide several times. Ma Sanli went from working as a street vendor in his youth, to being so kind-hearted that he knew nothing about "politics", to becoming a scapegoat during the "anti-rightist movement", to being forced to die by his peers during the "Cultural Revolution" and jumping off a building... The situations of the two are so strikingly similar. . "Being indifferent to fame" has become a philosophy and a state of mind for them. With nearly a century of experience, the two of them have seen through life and the world, so passion bursts out in the ordinary, and integrity shows in the subtle; tranquility and long-term coexistence, aloofness and humility go hand in hand. One is a literary master of "sub-major level" who always lives with books, the other is the Laughing Buddha who does not need to lose weight; the other is a great Confucian who is rich in writing and learning, and the other is an elder with immortal style. They are all "hidden" in the world!

"The human heart is like a clear mirror and a clear spring. Even though dust accumulates and the wind disturbs it, it cannot be covered up." (Sun Li said) Great wisdom is like foolishness, great strength is like weakness.

Those who were lonely during their lifetime may not be lonely after their death - Sun Li's statue is now located in front of the square of Tianjin Daily Building; when Tianjin citizens voted for the statue of celebrity Haihe, Ma Sanli received the highest vote... Let's look back at some figures in the literary and art circles The sky shows its face, is sent to welcome people, chases the wind at the right time, but the works are mediocre, the literary thoughts are exhausted, and behind them, they become the real "lonely" people. What an interesting social "ecological balance"!

“The benevolent live longer”——Confucius’ words seem to be quite reasonable. When Ma Sanli was 71 years old, he called himself a "young boy" and wrote a poem: "In the past, the king of medicine lived a long life, but now he has surpassed him. How can he dare to be called old when he is a hundred years old? Qi Huang also has a long life." This is the mind of a benevolent person. Two masters of longevity, wisdom, benevolence, and saints appeared in Jinmen. It seems to be a blessed land!

10. In today's world of materialistic desires and impetuous style, Fan Jinshi's spirit of being willing to be lonely, happy to be lonely, and patient with loneliness is especially worth learning from our young scientific and technological workers. The majority of scientific and technological workers should follow Fan Jinshi's example, guard against arrogance and impetuosity, endure loneliness, be rigorous and down-to-earth, devote themselves to learning, consciously resist the temptation of money, and devote themselves to the scientific and technological undertakings of the motherland. The Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang do not have the function of a museum and are not suitable for opening to the outside world. This makes the protection and development of the Mogao Grottoes full of contradictions. Under the leadership of Fan Jinshi, the Dunhuang Academy boldly pioneered and innovated, introduced modern science and technology, and actively advocated multi-disciplinary intersectionality. Taking the scientific analysis of Dunhuang mural materials as an entry point, it attempted to conduct research on the restoration of the original appearance of ancient murals, integrating science and art. Connect organically. They approach the protection of cultural relics as a multi-disciplinary systematic project, which effectively solves the contradiction between development and protection.

11. Zhuge Liang wrote in "Jie Zi Shu": "Study requires tranquility, and only then can you learn." Without learning, there is no way to expand talents, and without tranquility, there is no way to achieve learning. 'Only when a person is willing to be lonely can he eliminate distracting thoughts, concentrate, and mobilize all his wisdom and inspiration, so that he can create and achieve something.

12. Newton, the scientist who made outstanding achievements in mechanics, was also a person who was willing to be lonely. Even if it was a gathering of friends, he did not have a drink with them. Instead, he stayed alone in the study and studied hard. Until he came out of the study and the guests dispersed, he saw the chicken bones on the table and mistakenly thought that he had already eaten. . A person who cannot bear loneliness cannot become a great scientist.

13. Master Liu Haisu repeatedly warned students, ‘Be willing to be lonely’. Only if you can endure loneliness can you not be lonely. From Ba Jin’s statement to ‘close the door to thank guests’ to Fei Xiaotong’s announcement to ‘close the door and take inventory’, many famous scholars have worked hard to create a peaceful world for themselves where ‘the house is surrounded by people, without the noise of cars and horses’. Facts tell us that only by being willing to be lonely can we create the glory of life. .

14. "Genius is 99% perspiration and 1% talent." The inventor Edison once faced more than two thousand failed filament experiments. He was lonely, but he knew better how to stick to loneliness. It is the inevitable road to success, and only by perseverance can you reach the other side of success. Bury loneliness deep in your heart and illuminate the whole world at the moment of success. The crystallization of sweat and lonely flowers shine with the light of wisdom.

(3) Look for idioms, proverbs and famous aphorisms both inside and outside the classroom.

①The talent is exhausted.

②It takes ten years to sharpen a sword. (Tang Dynasty poet Jia Dao's poem "The Swordsman". This poem expresses the author's heroic spirit of sharpening a sword for ten years to kill injustice. Ten years of sharpening a sword is a long time. But to achieve something, you have to work hard. Kung fu is not enough. Only with a little more patience and more loneliness in life can you enjoy the fun of "sharpening the sword" and make it possible to sharpen the "sword".)

③After ten years of hard work, no one asked, and he became famous all over the world in one fell swoop. (Ten years of cold windows with no one to ask is loneliness, long-term loneliness, really lonely. However, it is precisely because of the loneliness of "ten years of cold windows with no one to ask" that we have gained the glory of "becoming famous all over the world in one fell swoop". Engage in creation Who among us has not experienced the "cold window" that "no one asks about" like the poet? Even if the artist who is famous and successful wants to create, he still faces the "cold window" that "no one asks about", not just "cold window". "Ten years", maybe a lifetime.)

④Zhuge Liang: Indifference makes one's ambition clear, tranquility makes one go far. (Whether it is indifferent or peaceful, it is all based on enduring great loneliness. Therefore, the most important support behind great undertakings and great achievements is the unbearable loneliness of ordinary people.)

⑤ Since ancient times, all sages have been lonely. (Li Bai's "About to Enter the Wine" means that sages all become saints through loneliness, and they can still maintain loneliness after becoming saints.

Only when a person is lonely can he truly reflect on himself, realize the true meaning of life, and forget all the vulgarity in the world; and only when he is lonely can he see his crooked but real footprints. )

⑥I am thinking about life in loneliness. (Hugo)

(4) Look for materials from nature, animals and plants, etc.

①The magnificence of the volcanic eruption. If you praise the splendor of volcanic eruptions, then you should admire the loneliness of magma running underground for ten years, one hundred, ten thousand years, millions of years, tens of millions of years or even longer.

②The cicadas chirped loudly. If you praise the cicada's resonant singing voice as beautiful as an artist, then you should understand the loneliness the cicada has endured for this moment. The Frenchman Fabre was as lyrical as a poet: "Four years of hard work in the darkness, one month of enjoyment under the sun, this is the life of the cicada." He felt: "We should not hate its noisy singing, because it digs the soil After four years, I can now wear beautiful clothes, grow wings that can rival those of flying birds, and bathe in the warm sunshine. What kind of cymbal sound can be loud enough to praise its hard-won moment of joy?"

③The beauty of plum blossoms blooming. A branch of red plum blooms in the wind and snow, how brilliant and beautiful it is, but do you know? In spring, the garden is full of peaches and plums, and she is lonely; in summer, the pond is full of lotus fragrance, and she is lonely; in autumn, the chrysanthemums stretch out and cover the ground with gold, and she is lonely;

...ah, what kind of thing is that? So lonely!

④The lightness of flying butterflies. In spring, in the garden, butterflies fly lightly, envying the literati, but do you know the long loneliness she feels trapped in a cocoon?