China has a tradition of respecting teachers and valuing education since ancient times. As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Taigong Family Instructions recorded that "a disciple is a teacher and respects his father"; During the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius left behind famous sayings such as "there is no class in education". In ancient China, teachers have always been a highly respected profession. So, who was the ancient teacher? In modern times, if you want to be a teacher, you must have a certificate. In ancient times, did all "teachers" have to pass the exam?

In ancient times, "teachers" had to pass the exam.

"Entrance Examination" stipulates that "all doctoral assistants take the number of courses taught in that year as the test level."

Before the Western Han Dynasty, most teachers were recommended, and no professional examination was needed. But in the Eastern Han Dynasty, China had a "qualification examination" for teachers. If you want to be a doctor of business, you must pass the exam sponsored by the Ministry of Education. At that time, famous scholars were all qualified, and there were corresponding regulations on teachers' personal teaching experience and age, requiring them to teach more than 50 students, at least 50 years old.

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, China formed a complete official school system. Official research is equivalent to today's public schools, including primary schools and universities; There are both comprehensive schools and junior colleges. Of course, teaching management and requirements are becoming more and more standardized and strict, and there is also a set of perfect assessment methods for teachers' professional qualifications and teaching ability.

In the Tang Dynasty, academic officials, including educational administrators and teachers, like other officials, had to take "exams" regularly, holding small exams every year and large exams every three to five years. The assessment content is divided into business, morality and teaching effect, and the assessment results are divided into nine grades. Among them, the number of lectures is one of the important criteria for evaluation and grading. In the "entrance examination", it was written: "All doctors and teaching assistants calculate how many classes they taught in that year according to the examination results."

There were many titles of teachers in ancient times. After the emergence of "doctor" in Qin and Han Dynasties, teachers in Song Dynasty had a new title of "professor". Famous scholars in Song Dynasty, such as Shijie, Sun Fu and Hu Yuan, were employed as professors of Taixue. The Song Dynasty was the era when private schools began to rise and prosper, and private schools were also very popular. However, the government also pays close attention to official research. To be a' public teacher', you still need an exam.

The "teacher examination" system implemented by Song Xining in eight years may be the most difficult educational supervision and teacher qualification examination in the history of education in China. He said that due to the strict examination, in the first year of Yuanfeng, there were "only 53 professors" in all counties and States, and "Confucian officials refused to teach and abandon their studies."

[/s2/] Ancient teaching achievements are also related to the "enrollment rate"

According to "Literature General Examination School Seven", "Nine students of Professor Fu Xue must take the township examination before they can be promoted."

Before the Song Dynasty, the assessment of teachers' business was mainly based on "teaching quantity", but in the Ming Dynasty, it began to be linked with teaching quality and enrollment rate. In addition to the "all-round assessment" and "inspection" like other industry officials, there was a single "assessment method for academic officials" in the Ming Dynasty.

"Learning with Excellence is an official" is a teacher assessment system promulgated by Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, in the twenty-sixth year of Hongwu. The center of the evaluation method is "based on the number of middle school students who have taken the imperial examination for nine years, there are ups and downs." According to the Ming History, nine of Professor Fu Xue's students took the provincial examination, six took the national studies and three took the county studies.

Teachers should also be evaluated at ordinary times. For example, in the monthly exam, if students don't make progress in March, the teacher will deduct it from their salary. At that time, teachers' salaries consisted of cash and rice, and the main form of salary deduction was "rice penalty". If students did not make progress in this respect,

If 24 public schools, 24 public schools 16 and 24 county schools 12 fail to make progress in the "one-year examination", their qualifications will be cancelled, and examiners or judges have the right to directly expel teachers. Not only teachers will be punished, but also local officials in counties and cities will be punished and flogged.

Imperial academy's evaluation of teachers is more severe. According to Ming Taizu Huangzuo and Minghui Temple, in June of Yongle seven years, Tang Qian, the capital of Yongle, wanted to be an official, and the official department arranged an exam, but his grades were too poor to read the classics. According to the regulations, Zhao Jitong, who is in charge of teaching, should be punished. Judy, the founding father of the Ming Dynasty, released him after hearing about it, but issued a "red-headed document" to the whole country, stipulating that "all disciples should re-recognize art and science, offend teachers, smoke and enforce the law on the spot."

If students don't learn well, teachers will be sent to places with bad environment, which may be the cruelest rule in the history of ancient education in China.