Zhuge Liang (181-234), courtesy name Kongming and nickname Wolong (also known as Fulong), Han nationality, was born in Yangdu, Langya, Xuzhou (now Yinan County, Linyi City, Shandong Province). He was the Prime Minister of the Shu Han Dynasty and an outstanding figure during the Three Kingdoms period. Politician, military strategist, essayist, calligrapher. He was named Wuxiang Hou when he was alive, and Zhongwu Hou after his death. The Eastern Jin Dynasty regime named him King Wuxing.

In order to support the Shu Han regime, Zhuge Liang worked hard and dedicated his life until his death. His representative works of prose include "Chu Shi Biao", "Book of Commandments" and so on. He invented the wooden cow and flowing horse, the Kongming lantern, etc., and modified the repeating crossbow, called the Zhuge repeating crossbow, which can fire ten arrows with one crossbow.

Died in 234 in Wuzhangyuan (now Qishan, Baoji). Zhuge Liang was greatly respected in later generations and became a model of loyal ministers and the embodiment of wisdom. There are Wuhou Temples in Chengdu, Baoji, Hanzhong, Nanyang and other places, and Du Fu wrote "Prime Minister of Shu" to praise Zhuge Liang.

Extended information:

When Zhuge Liang was 46 years old, his biological son Zhuge Zhan was born. According to historical records, Zhuge Zhan was only eight years old when Zhuge Liang died. But he has been smart and cute since he was a child, good at calligraphy and painting, and has a strong memory. When he grew up, he started from a low-level officer and rose to the position of military advisor and general, which his father had served as.

Later, Zhuge Zhan was promoted to General Wei, and for a time he was in charge of the government of Shu. When Wei general Deng Ai attacked Shu, Zhuge Zhan led his army to resist, refused the Wei army's inducement to surrender, and died in Mianzhu in battle. His son Zhuge Shang was only seventeen years old at the time, and he also died on the battlefield; when Zhuge Zhan died for his country, his second son Zhuge Jing was still very young and was not old enough to join the army, so he survived.

After the Jin Dynasty unified the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Jing was moved to the Central Plains by the new court and recruited as an official. Zhuge Jing served as the magistrate of Mei County in the Guanzhong area and governed it well. Back then, his grandfather Zhuge Liang wanted to attack Mei County many times, but failed. Unexpectedly, history played a little joke on him and made his grandson, whom he had never met, become the county magistrate here.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhuge Liang