1When the Lugouqiao Incident broke out in July, 937, Hao volunteered to go north to resist Japan, and secretly left his last words to his family: "I am determined to sacrifice this time. In case of death, you should listen to your mother's instructions and be filial to your grandmother. As for you waiting for school, I personally have no money. If the country wins in the future, it can enter the survivor school. " After Hao arrived in Shijiazhuang, he commanded the 9th,19th, 35th and 6th armies of Jinsui Army to hold the main positions of Longwangtang, Nanhuihua, Dabaishui and Nanyu lines north of Xinkou. Before the war, he encouraged the officers and men to say, "This war is a battle of national survival, and there is only sacrifice. If we retreat again and reach the Yellow River, there will be no soldiers and no officers. This means that I live and die, and I live and die. " /KOOC-0/0/KOOC-0/October/KOOC-0/KOOC-0/day, Japanese commander Ban Yuan Kiyojiro commanded Japan's 5th Division, and under the cover of planes, artillery and tanks, made an all-round assault on the Xinkou position. In the face of strong enemies, Hao resolutely went to the front line and commanded the Ninth Army to cover when Japanese planes and artillery bombed. As soon as the Japanese artillery fire stopped, he rushed to the position and severely attacked the Japanese army with infantry weapons, and launched hand-to-hand combat with the Japanese army many times. The situation was fierce and both sides suffered heavy losses. 10 10 12, the main position of south Huaihua was breached by the Japanese. The 9th Army and the Japanese army launched a fierce tug-of-war in the 204 highland in the north of Xinkou and the northeast of Huaihua, changing hands 13 times a day and night, and finally occupied the 204 highland, and the 9th Army suffered heavy losses. In order to hold the position, Hao said to the soldiers on the ground: "In the past, our regiment was defending this position, but now only one company is still defending this position. Even if there is one person left, we still have to defend this position. As long as we don't die, our anti-Japanese responsibility will not be finished for a day. Before I set out, I had written my will at home. If I can't defeat the Japanese army, I will never live. Now I will stick to this position with you and never retreat first. If I leave first, no matter who you are, you can shoot me! No matter who you are, just step back and I'll shoot him right away. " 15 night, commander-in-chief Wei sent seven brigades to Hao and ordered him to attack the Japanese army in three ways. /kloc-in the early morning of 0/6, Hao led the troops to attack the Japanese position. Gunfire, shouting ShaSheng everywhere, the Japanese army losing ground. The 9th Army pursued the Japanese army. In the melee, Hao was unfortunately hit by Japanese machine gun bullets and died heroically.
Liu Bocheng (1892- 1986)
China revolutionary, strategist, military theorist, one of the founders and leaders of China People's Liberation Army, Marshal People's Republic of China (PRC).
189265438+Born in Zhaojiachang, Kaixian County, Sichuan Province on February 4th. He was born in poverty, studied hard since he was a child, and achieved excellent academic results. Under the influence of the revolutionary trend, young people sprouted the idea of enriching Qiang Bing and saving the people from fire and water. 191/kloc-0 joined the student army in response to the revolution of 1911. 19 12 was admitted to the general school of Chongqing military government. The following year, he joined Yuan Shikai's army in Sichuan. 19 14 joined the revolutionary party of China led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen and served as company commander, chief of staff and brigade commander in the war to protect the country and protect the law. 1965438+In March 2006, he was shot in the right eye and disabled in the battle to conquer Fengdu County. 1923 served as the first commander of the East Road Thief Corps in the war against Beiyang warlord Wu. Resourceful, brave and good at fighting, he is known as a famous Sichuan player. In the autumn of the same year, I made friends with industrialists Yang Yingong and Wu. From 1924, Wu and I went to Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou. In the process of studying the social reality in China, I accepted Marxism after careful exploration and gradually realized the transformation from a patriotic Democrat to a producer of * * *.
1926 joined the China * * * Production Party in May, and later served as a member of the Military Committee of Chongqing prefectural committee. In 65438+February of the same year, together with Zhu De and Yang, he launched the uprisings in Luzhou and Shunqing (now Nanchong) and served as the commander-in-chief of the Sichuan National Revolutionary Army. Leading the uprising troops to fight against the warlords in Sichuan and cooperating with the Northern Expedition, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China achieved the strategic goal of containing the eastward advance of the Sichuan army and threatening Wuhan. 1in the spring of 927, he was appointed as the commander of the temporary 15th Army by Wuhan National Government. At the critical moment of the failure of the Great Revolution, he led the Nanchang Uprising with Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting and Zhu De, and served as the chief of staff of the former enemy committee.
/kloc-in the winter of 0/927, he went to the Soviet Union, where he studied at the Moscow Advanced Infantry School and then at the Military Academy in Youlong. During this period, he made a supplementary report on military issues at the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and made a special report on the whole story of the Nanchang riots. /kloc-returned to China in the summer of 0/930 and served as member of the Central Military Commission and secretary of the Military Commission of the Yangtze River Bureau. 65438+February went to Shanghai to assist Zhou Enlai, secretary of the Central Military Commission, in handling the daily work of the Central Military Commission.
193 1 year, was ordered to go to the central revolutionary base. 1932 1 month, principal and political commissar of Ren Hongjun school. From June+10 in 5438, he served as the chief of staff of the Central Military Commission, assisted Zhu De and Zhou Enlai in directing operations, and won the fourth victory against "encirclement and suppression". In the fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression", he was wrongly dismissed from his post as chief of staff for opposing dogmatism in military command and became the chief of staff of the Fifth Army Corps. During the Long March, at the end of 1934, he was re-appointed as the chief of staff of the Red Army and concurrently served as the commander of the central column, commanding the advance troops to cross the Wujiang River and outsmart Zunyi. 1935 1 month, attended the Zunyi meeting, and resolutely supported Mao Zedong's correct proposition at this major historical turning point of the China revolution. After the meeting, assist Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Zhu De to command the Red Army to cross the Chishui River four times. Leading the cadres to seize Jiaoping Ferry ensured that the troops crossed the Jinsha River smoothly. In May, he served as the commander of the advance team and led the department with political commissar Nie. Entering Daliangshan, we carried out the Party's ethnic policy and formed an alliance with Xiao Yedan, the leader of the Yi nationality, so that the troops passed through the Yi inhabited areas smoothly. Then, he led the Red First Division to cross the Dadu River in Anshunchang. After the first and fourth armies of the Red Army joined forces, they carried out the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's strategic policy of going northward to resist Japan, and together with Zhu De, they fought resolutely against Zhang's separatist activities.
After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he served as the division commander of the Eighth Route Army 129. 1At the end of September, 937, he led his troops into Shanxi to carry out guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines relying on Taihang Mountain. The famous battles of the organization's headquarters, such as the night attack on Yangming Fort and the ambush on Qigen Village, dealt a heavy blow to Japanese aggression. From 1938, together with Xu, the political commissar and deputy division commander, we organized and commanded the battles of Changshengkou, Shentouling and Xiangtangpu, as well as the campaigns against the "Nine-way Siege" in southeastern Shanxi and the "Sweeping-up" against the Eleventh Road in southern Hebei, and established the anti-Japanese base areas in Shanxi, Hebei and Henan. During 1940, he led the soldiers and civilians in the base area and launched a large-scale attack on the traffic lines controlled by the Japanese puppet troops. In August, he commanded troops to participate in the famous Hundred Regiments War, and organized and implemented the battles of Zheng Tai, Yushe and Liaoshen, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese aggressors. Under the serious situation that the Japanese and puppet troops stepped up the implementation of the "cage policy" and divided and blocked the anti-Japanese base areas, they resolutely implemented the localization policy of the main forces, actively organized guerrillas combining regular troops, guerrillas and militia, formed a large number of armed forces, implemented the "enemy advances while we advance", and extensively attacked enemy-occupied areas and traffic lines, crushing the frequent "nibbling" and cruel "sweeping" of the Japanese and puppet troops. At the same time, it has repeatedly countered the invasion of the base areas by the Kuomintang anti-die-hards. During the most difficult period in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the military and civilians in Deng Xiaoping and other leading base areas implemented self-sufficiency in production, reduced rent and interest rates, simplified administration and decentralized power, and the base areas were consolidated and developed. 1September, 943, went to Yan 'an to participate in the rectification movement. 1945 attended the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China. After the meeting, he returned to the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan base area and led the military and civilians in the whole region to carry out a big counterattack against the Japanese aggressors.
During the War of Liberation, he served as commander of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region, the Central Plains Military Region and the Second Field Army. From September 65438 to September 0945, Deng Xiaoping, the political commissar, led a counter-offensive against the Kuomintang troops in the liberated areas, commanded Shangdang Campaign, and wiped out thirteen divisions of Yan Xishan's department in one fell swoop. Then he moved eastward, launched the battle of Handan, wiped out most of the two armies and won the army uprising. The victories of Shangdang Campaign and Han Campaign created the successful experience of organizing a large corps to fight, and changed from guerrilla warfare to mobile warfare. They shattered the attempts of Kuomintang troops to control the key points in southeastern Shanxi and open up the Pinghan Railway, consolidated the liberated areas in North China, and covered the strategic development of our army in the northeast. At the same time, they effectively cooperated with Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai to hold peace talks with Chiang Kai-shek in Chongqing, which played an important role in forcing Chiang Kai-shek to agree to sign the October 10th Agreement and the Armistice Agreement. 1June, 946, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly launched a full-scale civil war. The Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan field army led by Deng Xiaoping organized campaigns in Longhai, Dingtao, Juye, Gannan, hua county, Juye (township) Fish (Taiwan) and northern Henan within ten months, annihilated and contained a large number of enemy troops, liberated large areas, cooperated with their battlefields, and defeated the strategic attack of the Kuomintang army.
1at the end of June, 947, according to the major decision of the CPC Central Committee on changing from strategic defense to strategic attack, Deng Xiaoping led 100,000 troops across the Yellow River, advanced into the Central Plains, and made a central breakthrough. First, it launched the southwest Shandong campaign, wiped out nine and a half brigades in succession, and skillfully mobilized and confused the enemy. Then it quickly went south, leaped thousands of miles into Dabie Mountain, went deep into the hinterland behind enemy lines, and bullied Nanjing and Wuhan, which opened the prelude to the PLA's strategic offensive. Under the difficult conditions of being far away from the base area and fighting in the rear, relying on the masses and taking root at the grassroots level, we broke the heavy encirclement of the enemy many times. Since September of the same year, it has worked closely with the Outer Line Corps of the East China Field Army that attacked the Longhai Line and the Chen Corps that advanced into western Henan to annihilate a large number of enemies between Jianghuai and Henan. After more than ten months of hard fighting, the liberated areas in the Central Plains were expanded, forcing the Kuomintang troops into a passive defensive position, which played a decisive role in reversing the national war situation. 1948165438+10. According to the decision of the Central Military Commission, the General Front Committee was formed with Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi, Su Yu and Tan Zhenlin to uniformly command the troops of East China and Central Plains to carry out the massive Huaihai Campaign, and made a strategic decisive battle with the main force of the Kuomintang army in Xuhuai area, and achieved a major victory in annihilating more than 550,000 people.
1in April, 949, he participated in the command of the battle of crossing the river and directly commanded the second field army to go straight out of the Zhejiang-Jiangxi line, thus liberating vast areas in southern Anhui, western Zhejiang, northeastern Jiangxi and northern Fujian. After the liberation of Nanjing, he served as director and mayor of Nanjing Military Management Committee. In the winter of the same year, together with Deng Xiaoping, he commanded the Second Field Army and the Fourth Field Army, and with the cooperation of the First Field Army under the command of He Long, he carried out the southwest campaign, successfully implemented the operational policy of long-distance circuitous encirclement proposed by the Central Committee, flapped the enemy's flank, cut off the enemy's retreat and wiped out a large number of enemies; At the same time, through military strikes and political struggles, a large number of Kuomintang military and political personnel led the uprising and surrendered, and liberated Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Xikang provinces in a relatively short period of time. 1950 1 Chairman of Southwest Military and Political Committee. Leading the army and civilians to wipe out bandits, restoring the economy and planning the peaceful liberation of Tibet have made important contributions to the liberation of southwest China and the consolidation of southwest frontier.
/kloc-at the end of 0/950, he served as president of the PLA Military Academy and later as political commissar. From 65438 to 0954, he served as vice chairman of the People's Revolutionary Military Commission, vice chairman of the National Defense Commission, and minister of the training department of the Central Military Commission. 1September, 957, he was transferred to the position of president and political commissar of the Higher Military Academy. 1959, responsible for the work of the strategic group of the central military commission. We have always advocated "managing the army first", adhered to the idea of integrating theory with practice to guide the teaching and academic research of military academies, and learned the advanced experience of foreign troops on the basis of inheriting and carrying forward the fine traditions of the People's Liberation Army. Organized a large-scale compilation and translation of teaching materials, and personally wrote, reviewed and translated a number of military and political teaching materials. He attached importance to absorbing the achievements of modern military science in various countries, and was one of the first leaders to put education and training in the strategic position of the China People's Liberation Army. On the basis of inheriting and carrying forward the fine traditions of the People's Liberation Army, we should actively learn from the advanced experience of foreign troops, vigorously establish command colleges of various services and arms, train middle and senior cadres, promote modernization and plan the construction of revolutionary troops. He is a Marxist military theorist, absorbing the essence of ancient and modern Chinese and foreign military theories and creatively applying them to the practice of China's revolutionary war. In combat, we paid attention to seeking truth from facts, changed the enemy and changed us, and introduced materialist dialectics into military command, which enriched and developed Mao Zedong's military dialectics. At the same time, he has rich expositions on guerrilla warfare, mobile warfare, positional warfare, the work of headquarters and the education and training of troops, and his military works are published in Selected Military Works of Liu Bocheng. He is a member of the 7th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), vice-chairman of the 8th to 11th the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, and a member of the 2nd to 5th the NPC Standing Committee.
1955 was awarded the rank of Marshal China. 1966, vice chairman of the central military commission. 1982 resigned from the leadership of the party, government and army due to age and health reasons, and 1986 10 died in Beijing on1October 7.