Buddhism is foreign.

The influence of Buddhism on China culture

The spread of Buddhism in China has certainly poisoned people's thoughts and consumed social wealth, thus hindering social progress and historical development and playing a negative role, which is a fact proved by history. As Lenin said in "On the Attitude of Workers' Policy to Religion": "Religion is the opium that anesthetizes the people, and this famous saying of Marx is the cornerstone of all Marxist worldviews on religious issues." However, it must also be noted that the spread of Buddhism has also influenced the culture of China. Its philosophy and artistic form are combined with the traditional culture of China to form the Buddhist culture of China, which is different from the Indian Buddhist culture and further enriches the content and form of China culture. This is also a historical fact known to all. The following aspects can be taken as examples to prove:

1. The influence of Buddhism on China's philosophy. China's philosophy has been a history of struggle between materialism and idealism, atheism and theism since it came into being. However, after Buddhism was introduced into China, the struggle between these two epistemology and ideological systems formed a complicated situation. The basic point of Buddhist philosophy is to deny the existence of the real world and imagine a "western paradise" opposite to the real world. All schools of Buddhism demonstrate the illusion of the objective world from different angles and with different evidence, and at the same time do everything possible to demonstrate the absoluteness of the subjective spiritual world, so Buddhist philosophy belongs to the idealistic ideological system. It's just that Zen advocates that "the Buddha works in the nature, but does not seek outside", which further denies the "western paradise" envisioned by Buddhism and only recognizes the absolute existence of the subjective spiritual world. In this way, Zen changed the objective idealism of Buddhist philosophy into subjective idealism. In this process, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism mutually repel and influence each other, struggle and absorb each other, and become one in the ideological system of idealism. Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties was obviously influenced by Buddhism in terms of thinking mode and practice method, and almost all idealistic thoughts since the Song Dynasty absorbed nutrition from Buddhist philosophy. Cheng Yi Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism borrowed some propositions from Hua Yanzong, while Lu Jiuyuan's and Wang Shouren's Neo-Confucianism absorbed some thoughts from Zen. It can be said that if you don't understand the ontological thinking mode of Buddhism and the practice method of "seeing nature clearly", it will be like watching a fire from a distance for Neo-Confucianism. Atheism and materialism also grew and developed in the struggle of criticizing Buddhist philosophy, and Wang Fuzhi developed to a higher level during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. We say that the history of China's philosophy after the Han and Tang Dynasties cannot be separated from the history of Buddhism, and it has become one of the important parts of China's philosophy.

second, the influence of Buddhism on China literature. The influence of Buddhism on China literature is obvious. As far as subject matter is concerned, there are countless poems describing Buddhism in past dynasties. Judging from the whole Tang poetry, there are about 5, * * Tang poems, of which Buddhism-related poems account for nearly one tenth. These poems, praising the scenery of Buddhist temples and praising monks and customs, are quite wonderful and vivid. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, the social status of famous monks has been very high, and scholars have built monuments for them, leaving many essays permeated with Buddhism. Secondly, in terms of artistic style, because Buddhism pursues self-liberation, advocates being born from dust, and advocates seeking Buddha in the heart when it comes to Zen, the literary world has formed a light and distant art school. For example, the poets Wang Wei and Wei Yingwu in the Tang Dynasty were the most devoted to Buddhism. For example, Wang Wei began to live a life of being an official and a hermit after he was about forty years old. He first lived in seclusion in my retreat at mount zhongnan, and then spent his leisure in a villa in Song Zhiwen, eating fast and worshiping Buddha. (2) "After retiring from the DPRK, he burned incense and sat alone, taking meditation as his business." (3) This style is also the most prosperous. Even writers of other schools, such as Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty and Su Shi in the Song Dynasty, are influenced by Buddhist thoughts in different degrees in their world outlook and creative practice. Thirdly, as far as poetry theory is concerned, after the Tang and Song Dynasties, it advocated "discussing poetry by Zen", stressing that poetry creation should be "detached from objects" and "vague in artistic conception", and that "there is no difference between Zen and poetry". Finally, as far as the creative team is concerned, there are many monks and poets in the history of China literature, and they are called "Poets and Monks" in the history books. Famous poets, such as Hanshan, Jiao Ran, Qiji and Guan Xiu, have collected poems and passed them on to future generations. Re-emergence in Song Dynasty, Wen Ying, Zuke, Eight Fingers Toutuo in Qing Dynasty and Su Manshu in modern times all occupy a certain position in the history of China literature.

third, the influence of Buddhism on China art. Especially painting and sculpture can show the influence of Buddhism. Buddhism was introduced into China, and so was the grotto art in India and the western regions. As people know, the Buddhist art of ancient India is mainly grotto murals and sculptures, represented by Gandhara (now Peshawar, Pakistan) and Ajanta (now Deccan Plateau, India), both of which are works of the first century BC. The former is famous for its sculptures, while the latter is famous for its murals. China's grotto art is their inheritance and development. The route of its influence is what we often call the "Silk Road". However, the grotto sculptures in the Central Plains gradually absorbed and integrated the artistic style of China, and the sculptures also simulated the image of China people, but of course, they also retained some characteristics of Indian sculpture world art. Religious murals with Buddhism as the content have been greatly developed, and famous religious painters like Wu Daozi have appeared. In terms of expression, Sakyamuni's life in India has joined the traditional pavilions and pavilions in China, making China people feel closer and kinder.

Fourth, the influence of Buddhism on the language of China. With the spread of Buddhism, Buddhism, Buddhism and Buddhism have infiltrated into social life and lost their Buddhist meanings, thus becoming common idioms, proverbs and idioms. Such as "spotless", Buddhists call color, sound, fragrance, taste, touch and touch "six dusts". If you can get rid of all distractions in practice, the Buddhist language is called "spotless", which means very clean when it becomes a social language. Another example is "taking a blow at the head", "throwing oneself into the ground", "the sea of misery is boundless, turning back to the shore", "putting down the butcher's knife, becoming a Buddha on the ground", "knowing each other by heart", "keeping strict rules and regulations", "daydreaming", "presenting oneself", "suddenly realizing", "burning eyebrows" and ". Such as "Zhang Er's monk is at a loss", "Monks hold umbrellas-lawlessness", "Nothing goes to the Three Treasures Hall", "Monks can't run away from the temple", "Little Bodhisattva is big in the temple", "cramming for the Buddha's feet temporarily", "Don't burn incense until you see the real Buddha" and so on.

5. the influence of Buddhist cultural relics and Buddhist scenic spots. Buddhism advocates being born out of the dust, so most temple buildings are in deep forests, forming a situation that "there are many famous monks in the world". For thousands of years, people from all walks of life have spent a lot of money to believe in, worship, respect and protect Buddhism, and artificially built countless grottoes, Buddha statues, pagodas and Buddhist temples, leaving many valuable Buddhist cultural relics and scenic spots, some of which are even called world miracles. The most existing cultural relics in China are Buddhist, which can be summarized as follows: a. The four famous Buddhist mountains are Wutai Mountain in Shanxi, Emei Mountain in Sichuan, Jiuhua Mountain in Anhui and Putuo Mountain in Zhejiang. B. Four Buddhists in Zen Forest refer to Lingyan Temple in Changqing County, Shandong Province, kokuseiji in Tiantai County, Zhejiang Province, yuquan temple in dangyang city, Hubei Province and qixia temple in Nanjing. C. The three grottoes art refers to Yungang, Dunhuang and Longmen, the three largest grottoes. D. Top Ten Sitting Buddhas, here refers to the individually built stone carving buddhas, excluding those located in grottoes, which are mostly carved by mountains. E. The four reclining buddhas are mostly carved from rocks, and there are also wooden tires and clay sculptures. F. The two big wooden buddhas generally take a standing posture. G. Two bronze statues, one is the future Buddha of Tashibu Temple in Kaze City, Tibet, and the other is the bronze bodhisattva of Longxing Temple in Zhengding County, Hebei Province, which is the Guanyin Bodhisattva with thousands of eyes and hands. H. a gold edition of the tripitaka. I. A Shijing Mountain, which is also a national treasure, is famous for its stone carvings and Buddhist scriptures in Yunju Temple, Fangshan District, Beijing, hence the name "Shijing Mountain". J. A Buddha refers to a spiritual bone, which was found in the underground palace of Famen Temple Tower in Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province in June 1987. This is one of the most important discoveries in the history of Buddhism in the world. These Buddhist cultural relics and scenic spots are all the achievements of sculpture, painting, calligraphy, architecture and pattern art, and they are all branded with the politics, economy and culture of that era.

To sum up, it proves that Buddhism has a great and profound influence on China culture, and China Buddhism has become an integral part of China culture.