This kind of structure is very common in life, such as beautiful patterns in preserved eggs, or volcanic rocks and frost flowers. In addition, many metals or alloys will also appear in the form of dendrites, such as the exquisite patterns of ancient swords, many of which are decorated with dendrites. It is precisely because of the dendritic structure in Blatter steel that swords made of it also have very beautiful patterns.
The overall hardness of ancient Jian Zihao steel weapons is below 50hrc, and the fracture resistance is very good. However, the hardness of the molded products of Blatter steel after quenching and tempering can reach 6 1-63hrc, but its dendrite skeleton has almost no plasticity and toughness and is very brittle.
It is precisely because of its extremely fragile dendritic skeleton structure that the performance of the sword made of Blatter steel is not as good as that made of Jian Zihao steel. For this reason, Russians prefer to make cannons out of Blatter steel rather than swords out of Blatter steel. Compared with guns made of other metals, the guns made of Blatter steel are more powerful and effective because of their extremely high hardness.
Blatter steel was very popular in gun manufacturing at that time, until Bessemer process appeared, and steel with the same quality could be manufactured at a lower cost. /kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, Russian metallurgists successfully produced Bratt steel with dendritic pattern by liquid segregation method, and its composition was much closer to that of cast iron.
Anosov melted the steel raw material with carbon content higher than 2% in the closed crucible of 1550℃- 1950℃ for 2 hours, then placed it at 1400℃ for more than 2 hours, and then cooled it to normal temperature at a slow enough speed, and finally made the Blatter ingot.
Regarding "cooling at a slow enough speed", Anosov's famous saying has been quoted in countless Russian materials: "The longer the materials used for steelmaking are cooked in semi-solid state, the better the quality of steel." Of course, this is a refutation that completely violates the practical experience of modern metallurgy.
It is precisely because of the very slow cooling rate in steelmaking process that there are often a large number of hydrothermal cross grids and coarse shrinkage cavities in Russian-made Blatter steel. After forging and stretching, these meshes will become rough cross-shaped twisted lines distributed on the cutter body, which look like cracks.
In addition, the carbon content of Blatter steel is often very high, often as high as more than 2%, and some even reach 6%, which is beyond the scope of steel. Therefore, forging is very difficult, which often requires low-temperature forging, repeated circulation, and sometimes even graphitization before forging, so that carbide can be irreversibly turned into stable graphite.
Due to its severe shrinkage and oxidation, even a large amount of carbon exists in steel, and the metallographic structure of Blatter steel is "dirty" under electron microscope. Cutting tools, especially long knives, often have depressions similar to those left after long-term corrosion.