Wu Ruolan (1903-1929) was born in Jiuyantang, a suburb of Leiyang. Born into an intellectual family. In 1924, she was admitted to the Hunan Provincial No. 3 Women's Normal School. In the autumn of 1925, he joined the Communist Party of China. Served as a member of the Leiyang Local Executive Committee of the Communist Youth League and director of the Women's Department of the County Farmers' Association. Joined the Red Army in March 1928. She successively served as chairman of the Leiyang County Women's Federation, propagandist of the Political Department of the Fourth Red Army, and director of the women's movement section of the former committee member of the Workers' and Peasants' Movement.
Wu Ruolan accepted Marxism-Leninism while studying at the Hunan Provincial No. 3 Women's Normal University, and joined the Communist Party of China in the autumn of 1926 after graduation. Then, under the instructions of the organization, he went to Leiyang area to launch a vigorous peasant movement. The American writer Smedley recorded in the book "The Great Road": "She is known to everyone among farmers. She is a farmer organizer who is not afraid of death."
Wu Ruolan works boldly and patiently, and has She is organized and logical, can speak and write, speaks with a loud voice, and writes fluently in cursive handwriting. Zhu De praised her as a "writer". This is the memory of Wu Ruolan by Duan Ziying, a classmate and comrade in the Third Division. In February 1928, Zhu De and Wu Ruolan got married, introduced by Liu Tai and Deng Zonghai, then Leiyang County Party Committee Secretaries. Zhu De said humorously: You are not afraid of spicy food (referring to a Hunanese), and I am not afraid of spicy food (referring to a Sichuanese). We are both equally spicy. After the two got together, they both plunged into a fierce revolutionary struggle.
The struggle in Jinggangshan is in full swing. After Wu Ruolan came to the mountain, she not only became an excellent propagandist in the Red Army, but also became known as the "two-gun female general". Female generals in ancient times could pierce an arrow with a hundred steps, while the revolutionary heroine Wu Ruolan could pierce a tree with a hundred steps with her left and right hands. She said that if my right hand is injured in a battle, I can still kill enemies with my left hand. This is why I practice shooting with both hands. There were her achievements in the battle of Xinqixiling, and her loud killing voice in the battle to defend Huangyangjie. As a propaganda cadre of the military department and the wife of the military commander, she took the lead in all revolutionary work. She was very humble in dealing with others, never taking credit or being arrogant, let alone putting on any airs. She marched without riding a horse. She always gave the horse to the sick and weak comrades, and walked with the soldiers wearing straw sandals. Go deep into the masses to talk, understand the situation, and do detailed ideological work. The first fetus she conceived was aborted during the Fourth Army's march down the mountain in January 1929.
The forest is roaring, the wind and snow are freezing, and everything is covered with snow. Zhenxia Village, Xiangshan, Xunwu County, deep in the dense forest, is the temporary base where the main force of the Fourth Red Army moved and rested after the battle in Jitan. On February 2, before dawn, the enemy troops took advantage of the fact that our soldiers were exhausted and suddenly surrounded the garrison, with the military headquarters among them. The situation was very urgent and all troops immediately went into battle. Comrade Chen Yi was caught by the enemy while transferring. He knocked down two enemy soldiers with his fists and escaped from danger. Wu Ruolan was very anxious at this time. She came to her wits in her haste. For the safety of the military headquarters and the commander, she led the guard platoon to break through first and lead the enemy troops to herself. At dawn, the Fourth Red Army broke out of the encirclement, but Wu Ruolan was outnumbered, injured and arrested. The enemy escorted her to Ganzhou. Liu Shiyi also telegraphed Chiang Kai-shek to ask for a reward and wanted to get the secrets of the Red Army from her. The enemy asked: "Where are Zhu De and Mao Zedong?" Wu replied: "In the Red Army, in the hearts of the people!" Then asked: "Why are you a bandit?" Wu angrily shouted: "The real bandits are you! I am *** The Communist Party is a revolutionary, and we want to eliminate you group of reactionaries!" The enemy hung her with a rope, pressed her with a bar, poured pepper water and other tortures, but they failed to shake Wu Ruolan's revolutionary belief. She said: "The revolution will succeed, and you must perish!" "If you want to get what you need from my mouth, unless the sun rises from the west and the water of the Gan River flows backward!" Comrade Wu Ruolan, who was only 26 years old, died on February 2 On March 12, he was killed by the enemy in Weifuli, Ganzhou City. The ferocious enemies also hung Comrade Wu Ruolan's head on the gate of Ganzhou City for public display.
The whole country won. On March 4, 1962, Chairman Zhu De returned to Jinggangshan. When he was about to go down the mountain, he did not play anything but took away a pot of Jinggang orchid. It was Jinggang orchid! This is a pot of Jinggang orchid that will never wither! Its fragrance spreads thousands of miles and it stays green for thousands of years!
After the "Mari Incident" in May 1927, Wu Ruolan was wanted by the county government authorities for offering a reward.
But she insisted on fighting in the local area, disguised as a village woman, and contacted comrades in four villages. In September, Deng Zonghai was sent back to Leiyang by the Hunan Provincial Party Committee. She and Deng Zonghai and others reestablished the Leiyang County Party Committee of the Communist Party of China.
On February 16, 1928, Wu Ruolan, Deng Zonghai and others led the Leiyang Peasant Army, and cooperated with the First Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army led by Zhu De to conquer Leiyang County and established the Leiyang County Workers', Peasants and Soldiers Soviet Government. Wu Ruolan served as Minister for Women and President of the Women's Federation. At the end of February, she married Zhu De after being introduced by Liu Tai and others.
In early April, Wu Ruolan moved to Jinggangshan with the army and served as the political propaganda captain of the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. After Wu Ruolan joined the army, she participated in military exercises like ordinary soldiers. She was able to shoot guns with both hands skillfully and was known as the "two-gun female general". In June, she participated in the battle of Qixiling with the troops to fight against the enemies who "suppressed" Jinggangshan in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. During the battle, the enemy used seven or eight machine guns as cover and occupied the windmill entrance below Liyue Pavilion, seriously threatening the safety of the Red Army's command post. At this critical moment, Wu Ruolan jumped out of the trench with two guns in hand, led the soldiers to counterattack, and recaptured the windmill entrance.
On January 14, 1929, the main force of the Fourth Red Army left Jinggang Mountains and moved to southern Jiangxi. On February 1, after a fierce battle with the enemy in pursuit of Wu Jitan in Jiangxi, the troops moved to Shenxia to rest and recuperate. At dawn the next day, the military headquarters was suddenly surrounded by Liu Shiyi's troops. At this time, Zhu De was commanding the Red Army to fight fiercely with Liu Shiyi's troops. In order to protect Zhu De and the military headquarters from danger, Wu led a group of Red Army soldiers to attack the enemy from another direction and lead the enemy towards him. Zhu De and the military escaped, but she was wounded and captured.
After Wu Ruolan was captured, he was taken to Ganzhou, where he was severely tortured and became unyielding. The enemy was helpless and killed her on February 12.