For a long time, compared with other European neighbors, Russia is in a backward position in economic development, including a very low level of industrial production; The mode of agricultural production still lags behind the times and lacks the mechanization of small-scale peasant production (wooden plows or stone plows were still used at the beginning of the 20th century), which reflects the serious weakness of the Russian economy, and the vacillating economic production policy after the founding of the Soviet Union, the civil war between the White Army and the Red Army and the cessation of foreign trade further damaged the Soviet economy. [Source Request] In the face of the isolation of the Soviet Union from the international environment in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China and the rise of ultra-right anti-* * ism in western Germany and eastern Japan in the 1930s, the appeasement policy of Britain and France and the isolationism of the United States strengthened the Soviet Union's sense of foreign worries, hoping to cultivate enough economic strength to cope with external threats.

1929, the annual output of Soviet cars was less than 100. It can be seen that even the internal traffic of domestic cities can only rely on trams, and there is no source of buses. This year, the Soviet Union began to build Gorky Automobile Factory (GAZ). Stalin said in 193 1:

"We are 50 years behind advanced countries or 100 years. We must catch up with this gap within ten years. We must do this, or we will be destroyed. " It can be seen that there is a strong sense of self-improvement behind the implementation of the five-year plan.