Zhuangzi.

Hui Shi is in Liangzhou, and Zhuangzi went to see him. Someone told Hui Shi: "Zhuangzi is here to replace you as prime minister." . "So Hui Shi was very scared and looked for three days and three nights in the country. Zhuangzi went to see it and said, "There is a kind of bird in the south called ostrich. What do you know? Husband's carp originated in the South China Sea, but it flew to the North Sea. Not phoenix tree, not practice, not food, not drink. So the owl caught the rotten mouse, and the swan swam over and looked up and said, "Fear!" " This son tried to scare me with his son's Guo Liang? "

Zhuangzi and Keiko are swimming in Haoliang.

Zhuangzi.

Zhuangzi and Keiko play together on Hao's bridge. Zhuangzi said: "How leisurely the fish in the river are in the river. This is the happiness of the fish." . "Keiko said," you are not a fish, where do you know that fish is happy? " ? " Zhuangzi said, "You are not me. How do you know that I don't know that fish are happy?" ? "Keiko said," I am not a son, and I really don't know my son. "Zigu is not a fish, but I don't know the joy of fish!" Zhuangzi said, "Please follow its source. Confucius said:' Those who know fish are also', those who know me, ask me, and I know it. "

Appreciation: Keiko Shines

This story satirizes the faces of those who are obsessed with fame and fortune, and shows Zhuangzi's attitude towards fame and fortune. This story is very interesting, mainly in the following aspects: First, the development of the story is often unexpected. I'm glad to be an official and have a good friend to visit him. Keiko's initial reaction to Zhuangzi's visit to Liang may also be joyful. But under the instigation of others, he immediately became suspicious of Zhuangzi, and then went out to conduct a big manhunt in the city, insisting on taking Zhuangzi into his own hands. The atmosphere suddenly became tense. How did Zhuangzi react to this? He didn't hide or escape, but came to Keiko generously. In the face of greedy, fickle and disloyal Keiko, is Zhuangzi going to call names? No, he talked about the strange bird from a distance. It was not until the last sentence that Keiko realized that the original story was scolding him. Second, the characters are in sharp contrast. Keiko surmised Zhuangzi's mind with his own mind, thinking that Zhuangzi, like him, coveted high positions and positions, but he didn't know that Zhuangzi was lofty and self-controlled, and his vision was a "rotten mouse", so he avoided it. Regarding Zhuangzi's attitude towards Mr. Lu, there is also a story in "Zhuangzi Qiushui": The King of Chu intended to make Zhuangzi the official of the country and sent someone to invite him. Zhuangzi, on the other hand, borrowed the story of the tortoise to show that he would rather live a free life in a barren land (Records of the Historian, Zhuangzi and Biography of Shen Han also have similar records). This story can complement the story of this article in a positive way. Third, the metaphor is clever and appropriate, and it has a concise effect. It is sharp and profound to compare ambitious people with noble people and those who are obsessed with wealth with those who doubt gentlemen. In particular, the ugly behavior of defending "rotten mice" is vividly written. Liu said to him, "one breath" (that is, "scare"), while protecting and refusing. If you see it, if you hear its sound, it is really vivid. The diameter of the sentence is sitting on the beam with the word "he", which makes you feel that your position is extremely high. Who is the smelly mouse? What is this? I can imagine the sustenance in his chest. Keiko doesn't actually have this thing. Zhuangzi's fable is specially used to wake up the world. "("South China Snow Heart ")

Zhuangzi and Keiko are swimming in Haoliang.

This story is unique in Zhuangzi. Although it is composed of the debate between Zhuangzi and Keiko, it is relaxed and leisurely, which makes people feel the poetry in daily life and deeply influenced by it.

Who won the debate between Zhuangzi and Keiko? On this point, there has been an endless debate. To sum up, there are mainly the following viewpoints:

(A) From the story itself, Zhuangzi has the upper hand. At the end, after Keiko skillfully quoted Zhuangzi's rebuttal to establish logical reasoning, Zhuangzi seemed speechless and gave up, but he returned to the beginning of the argument and easily resolved Keiko's attack by stealing the concept. The so-called concept of stealing is that he interprets Keiko's "knowing" as "where to know" or "how to know", while Keiko's original intention is "how (can) know".

(2) Logically, Keiko is the winner. As mentioned above, Zhuangzi can maintain his original judgment by deliberately misinterpreting Keiko's meaning in the argument, which is obviously against the rules of logical judgment. Therefore, Keiko is the winner.