A bumpy life on Marshal Road

Liu Bocheng, formerly known as Mingzhao, was born in a poor peasant family in Zhangjiaba, Kaixian County, Sichuan. He attended a private school, a high school, and then a government middle school. When the Revolution of 1911 broke out, Liu Bocheng was already nineteen years old. He immediately joined the struggle to overthrow feudal rule and joined the student army. The following year, he entered the crash course of the Chongqing Army General Academy. After graduation, he was assigned to the Fifth Division of the Shu Army as chief of staff. After the National Defense War broke out, he was promoted to platoon leader. Due to his bravery in combat, he was promoted to company commander. However, the Shu army was quickly defeated by Yuan Shikai's army. Even Xiong Kewu, the commander-in-chief of the Shu army who commanded the war against Yuan, was also defeated. Beat away. The troops were separated, and Liu Bocheng went home to take refuge. Soon, Liu Bocheng, who was eager to save the country, came out again to join the revolutionary struggle. In 1916, during the struggle against Yuan Huguo, Liu Bocheng organized the fourth detachment of the Sichuan Protectorate Army, which soon grew to more than 2,000 people. He led his army to capture Fengdu. During the counterattack of the reactionary army, he was seriously injured and lost his right eye. However, due to his skillful command and bravery in combat, Liu Bocheng, who was only 24 years old, became known as a famous general of the Sichuan Army. Liu Bocheng fought in the Sichuan Army for ten years, participating in the war to protect the country and the law, and also participated in the war between warlords. He was deeply disturbed to see the pain and disaster the war had brought to the people. In 1926, Liu Bocheng accepted Marxism and joined the Communist Party of China under the guidance of Wu Yuzhang and others. Entrusted by the party, in order to cooperate with the Northern Expedition, he and Yang Changong organized the Huzhou and Shunyi uprisings. After Chiang Kai-shek rebelled against the revolution and the Kuomintang cooperation broke down, Liu Bocheng went east from Sichuan and, on the party's instructions, went to Nanchang to organize the Nanchang Uprising with Zhu De and other generals. After the failure of the uprising, Liu Bocheng and others sneaked to Hong Kong and moved to Shanghai in the winter of 1927. While hiding in Shanghai, Liu Bocheng, who was wanted, was reported by his son who had developed bad habits and was arrested several times. Under the arrangement of the party organization, Liu Bocheng went to the Soviet Union to study and escaped the pursuit of the reactionaries. After returning from the Soviet Union, Liu Bocheng served as the Chief of General Staff of the Central Military Commission, assisting Zhou Enlai and Zhu De in commanding the fourth counter-"encirclement and suppression" campaign and winning the war. Faced with the "Left" line and Li De's blind command, Liu Bocheng dared to stand up and fight. He warned Li De: "If we do not stop this attrition tactic and adopt a mobile and flexible policy, the base area will be lost and the Red Army will We will all be wiped out and we will become eternal sinners." Not only was his correct opinion not taken seriously, he was also dismissed from his position as Chief of General Staff. The Red Army began to learn lessons from the tragic defeat. In January 1935, after the Red Army captured Zunyi, it held an emergency meeting of the Central Committee. Liu Bocheng firmly supported Mao Zedong's correct opinions. After Mao Zedong took charge of the work of the Central Military Commission, Liu Bocheng's military career gradually became smoother. During the Long March, at critical moments, he always went to the front line to command. With hundreds of thousands of pursuing troops behind and the natural danger of the Jinsha River in front, many people were afraid that the troops would not be able to cross the river. However, Mao Zedong said humorously: "Comrade Zhu De said that Sichuan said that Liu Bocheng descended to earth in a dragon. How could the river block it?" Where is Zhulong? He will take us there!" Liu Bocheng lived up to expectations and made the army cross the river safely. He also organized major military operations such as outsmarting Zunyi, forcibly crossing the Dadu River, and passing through ethnic minority areas, making immortal contributions to the Red Army's Long March. During the Anti-Japanese War, Liu Bocheng served as the commander of the 129th Division. Together with political commissar Deng Xiaoping, he led the troops deep behind enemy lines and established the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan anti-Japanese base area in the Taihang Mountains. He organized and directed the surprise attack on Yangming Fort, the ambush of Shentou Ridge, and the clever victory over Qigen Village. The battle shattered the Japanese army's nine-way siege and broke the enemy's thirteen-way "encirclement and suppression" campaign. On the eve of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he led his troops to launch a massive counterattack against the Japanese invaders, annihilating more than 50,000 people and recovering 59 county towns. During the War of Liberation, Liu Bocheng served as the commander of the Second Field Army. He organized the Shangdang Campaign and wiped out thirteen enemy divisions. Then they fought in the Battle of Pinghan and wiped out two enemy armies, then fought in Longhai, made a decisive move, and marched southward. According to Mao Zedong's deployment, they leapt thousands of miles into the Dabie Mountains, laying a wedge for the victory of the Liberation War. Liu Bocheng and Chen Yi's East China Field Army organized the Huaihai Campaign and annihilated more than 550,000 enemies in one fell swoop; laying the foundation for national victory. Then he crossed the Yangtze River, captured the city of Nanjing, and marched southward, liberating East and Southwest China. After the liberation of the country, Liu Bocheng resigned as chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Commission, founded the Chinese People's Liberation Army Military Academy, and actively worked for the regularization and modernization of the army. Liu Bocheng has been the dean of the Military Academy for more than seven years. He often personally reviews teaching materials and participates in exercises, which gradually improves the structure and curriculum of the Military Academy. However, just as Liu Shuai was working painstakingly for military education, an unfair blow befell him. In the summer of 1958, the struggle against "dogmatism" came to the head of the 66-year-old marshal. One day in July, Liu Shuai, who had a fever of 39 degrees, was recalled to Beijing to make a self-examination at a meeting of thousands of people in Huairen Hall. After that, for more than ten years, the old marshal lost the joy brought by victory in the war and often remained silent. But he is still concerned about the construction of the army and the country. The history of his unjust injustice has already reached a fair conclusion, and his achievements and contributions have been recorded in history forever. Liu Shuai's rough experience made his life more legendary.

Victory over Sun Wu through ingenuity

Liu Bocheng was born in the army and spent his whole life in the army. He is not only brave in leading troops in battle, but also good at using strategies. He was known as a famous general among the Sichuan Army. After joining the revolutionary ranks, he was good at learning and diligent in using his brain, which gradually enabled his commanding art to reach perfection.

During the Red Army's Long March, a series of war miracles such as outsmarting Zunyi City, crossing the Daliang Mountains by accident, forcibly crossing the Dadu River, and flying to capture the Huding Bridge were all accomplished by the advance team commanded by Liu Bocheng. During the Anti-Japanese War, Liu Bocheng led the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army deep into the Shanxi Anti-Japanese Front. He took advantage of the Japanese invaders' underestimation of the enemy and sent a battalion to attack Yangmingbao Airport at night, destroying dozens of enemy aircraft. In order to effectively eliminate the Japanese army, he used the technique of siege and reinforcements, cleverly set up an ambush at Shentou Ridge, attacked Lucheng to lure the enemy to help, and annihilated more than a thousand enemies in one fell swoop. This was considered a brilliant result in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War. Taking advantage of military strategists' taboos, he set up ambushes twice on the border of Qigen Village, Shanxi Province, causing the Japanese army to lose more than a hundred lives in vain. In the Anti-Japanese War, the balance of strength between the enemy and ourselves was very different. Our army mostly adopted guerrilla tactics. Liu Bocheng developed the art of commanding guerrilla warfare to the point of perfection. He said: "The 'wandering' of guerrilla warfare means maneuvering, the 'strike' means annihilating the enemy; the 'wandering' means covering one's own weaknesses and looking for the enemy's weaknesses, and the 'strike' means developing one's own strengths and ignoring the enemy's strengths." He summed up a series of concise and effective tactics for guerrilla warfare, such as "attack one point, attract reinforcements, gnaw on one side, and defeat each one"; "tiger digs out the heart", "draws fuel from the bottom of the cauldron"; "wolf tactics", "sparrow tactics", "Wasp Tactics"; there are also "Drag the Knife Tactics", "Kill the Carabineer Tactics", "Suck and Attack the Enemy Tactics" and so on. During the War of Liberation, Liu Bocheng's commanding art reached perfection. In the first battle against the Communist Party, he annihilated more than 30,000 enemy troops in 13 enemy divisions, giving the Kuomintang troops a head-on blow to the Kuomintang troops who came to seize territory in the liberated areas. In the second battle at Handan, he annihilated two enemy armies, effectively supporting Mao Zedong's Chongqing negotiations. Then, following the instructions of the central government, he swept eastwards, and then attacked Dingtao, Juye, and Huaxian. He killed the Kuomintang troops so hard that they were confused. He fought five consecutive battles and achieved five victories, wiping out ten and a half enemy brigades, totaling more than 70,000 people. . The Thousand Mile Leap into the Dabie Mountains should be said to be a masterpiece of Liu Bocheng's military command art. This war was not so much a battle of courage as a battle of wits. At that time, the People's Liberation Army was still at a disadvantage. The Second Field Army left the base area and advanced into Luyu, and was already under attack from tigers and wolves. In order to conceal the true intention of using troops, Liu Bocheng commanded the army to make many "disguise" actions to lead the enemy astray. Liu Bocheng first commanded the army to fight in the Battle of Southwest Shandong, which made the enemy mistakenly think that our army was going to seize Longhai, so he mobilized troops to defend; then, he ordered the troops to feint attack at the Yellow River crossing, causing the trend of marching north and returning to the base area. Chiang Kai-shek immediately mobilized thirty brigades Divide into five routes and drive into Yuncheng and Juye. However, the direction of action of Liu and Deng's army was in the opposite direction. They abandoned the rear and advanced southward, completely unable to fight in the rear. At this time, Chiang Kai-shek thought that Liu and Deng's army was forced to flee south because they could not cross. Only when Liu and Deng's armies crossed the Guohe River, Shahe River, and the Yellow River Flood Area did Jiang Jun understand our army's intentions, but it was too late. After our army advanced into the Dabie Mountains, it was as if a steel nail was wedged into the enemy's belly, making Chiang Kai-shek feel deeply uneasy at any time. This move pinned down 90 of the 160 brigades that comprised Chiang's southern front. Set the stage for victory in the War of Liberation.

Think diligently and learn well to become a Confucian general

Liu Bocheng worked hard and diligently throughout his life, which not only enabled him to complete the path of progress from soldier to marshal, but also became a proletarian military strategist, known as " Confucian general". Among the generals of our army, Liu Bocheng is famous for his hard work in study. He has admired the hard-working spirit of the ancients since he was a child: "hanging the head on the beam" and "tapering the buttocks". When he was in private school, he was often the first to arrive and the last to leave. Not only did he memorize the texts, he also memorized the annotations. When he arrived at middle school and military academy, he was even more diligent and hard-working, so that his grades in all subjects were outstanding. After entering the army, he still did not forget to study. After the failure of the Great Revolution, Liu Bocheng went to the Soviet Union to study. He was already thirty-six years old when he entered the Soviet Red Army Advanced Infantry School. It is quite difficult to learn a foreign language at this age. But starting from letters and pronunciations, it took him more than two years to overcome the foreign language barrier and obtain excellent results in Russian and various subjects. By the time he graduated, he was able to translate Russian military theoretical works. After returning to China, he became the first translation section chief of our army. With the help of Russian tools, he systematically studied the history of Roman warfare, Napoleonic warfare, and the Russo-Japanese War, which broadened his military horizons. He also systematically studied the regulations, doctrines, and combat theories of the Soviet army, and increased his knowledge of regularizing the army and fighting modern warfare. During the revolutionary war years, Liu Bocheng spent most of his time on the front line. He often read the military manuals in detail during the artillery fire. He put aside life and death and concentrated on the art of war. The constant sound of guns and artillery often became his inspiration for studying the military manuals. accompaniment. For example, in 1941, the Eighth Route Army headquarters sent a translation of "Contract Tactics" for Liu Bocheng to revise. A year later, the translation was revised and copied. Liu Bocheng wrote in the preface: "This book has gone through three anti-mopping operations during the revision process." At that time, it was the most brutal stage of the Anti-Japanese War, and fighting was going on almost every day. It was during this period that Comrade Zuo Quan died. Even so, Liu Bocheng did not forget the editing work. He regarded this work as a learning task. After that, the translation of the second part of "Contract Tactics" was sent to Liu Bocheng. When the proofreading was completed and copied, Liu Bocheng wrote the preface: "When I went to the front line of the Patriotic Self-Defense War, I took this "Contract Tactics" and its translation with me. , the correction and supplementary translation really began. Fortunately, with the supervision of the enemy's aircraft, artillery tanks and the help of my staff comrades,...all the work before the expedition was completed." "People's Daily" reported: "General Liu Bocheng completed the proofreading and translation of the second half of the book "Contract Tactics" while the army was in chaos, totaling 100,000 words.

This was another major contribution made by General Liu in addition to annihilating the eleven brigades of Chiang Kai-shek in a hundred days. ... For a hundred days, General Liu galloped across the Hebei, Shandong and Henan plains, winning five battles and five victories, averaging once every twenty days. "General Liu, in the extremely busy self-defense war, immediately began to revise the translation when he had a slight break. "Liu Bocheng's diligence and studiousness also lies in his summary and thinking of war experience. He never misses any influential war or battle, believing that there is experience and education forged with blood and life. From the failure of the Nanchang Uprising, When it came to major battles and battles in the War of Resistance Against Japan and the War of Liberation, Liu Bocheng often had systematic thoughts and summaries. He emphasized that "the use of troops should be based on reality and make subjectivity consistent with objectivity." "Liu Bocheng studied assiduously ancient and modern Chinese and foreign military theories and carefully summarized practical experience, which enabled him to form his own unique military theory. He put forward the vivid "Five Elements Technique", in which our army was regarded as the main body of the war. Treat the mission as the center, the enemy situation as the premise, and time and terrain as material conditions. He often said: "If the five elements are uncertain, you will lose completely." He devoted his whole life to forming a systematic military theory. Regarding Liu Bocheng's hard work, Zhu De praised: "Study hard and never tire of learning." "Marshal Chen Yi praised him and said: "Study hard and live hard." Even the senior generals of the Kuomintang said with emotion: "Liu Bocheng is honest and open-minded, and constantly seeks knowledge. Compared with the generals of the Kuomintang, he stands out from the crowd for his sincerity. "

Working hard to run education

"To run the army, you must first run the school" is Liu Bocheng's famous saying, and he also practiced it. He struggled for this all his life. As early as in the Central Soviet Area, he served as The principal and political commissar of the Red Army School. During the Long March, he was the chief of staff of the Central Red Army. After arriving in northern Shaanxi, he also served as the deputy director of the Central Red Army University during the busy war command. Principal. During the War of Liberation, he led the army to fight in the north and south. While serving as the commander of the Second Field Army, he also served as the president and political commissar of the Second Field Military and Political University. In addition to directing the war, he also taught in person and appeared in front of the students as an instructor after the liberation of the country. , Liu Bocheng first served as the chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Commission. He accepted the task of running a school, resigned from the military and political positions, and founded the Chinese People's Liberation Army Military Academy. He served as the first president and later the president and political commissar. In the early days of liberation, everything was waiting to be done. In a difficult environment where everything was waiting for improvement, he strengthened his health and worked with teachers and cadres to explore the way to run a high-level military command college under the new historical conditions. He worked hard to select teachers and carefully studied and decided on the school. Policies, subject-by-subject approval of teaching materials. The school-running policies formed by our military in a peaceful environment, and the curriculum and content selection of the Advanced Military Academy all reflected the efforts of Marshal Liu Bocheng who presided over the work of the Military Academy for more than seven years after the founding of the People's Republic of China. In the process of running the school, Liu Bocheng advocated a good learning style and school spirit as an important environment for educating people, and the learning style was an important condition for the growth of the newly established school. In order to adapt to the needs of modernization and formalization, Liu Bocheng personally reviewed the teaching content and teaching policies. He put forward the guiding principle of training that "tactics are the warp, technology is the weft, and the warp and weft are intertwined, connected vertically and horizontally, and woven together" to form an overall training guideline. He emphasized the importance of training and cultivating commanders who are good at organizing and commanding coordinated actions of modern arms as a senior military command institute. The training goals of the school. Running a school is inseparable from teachers. He proposed and adopted methods such as "quick-run" and "quick-run" to improve the professional level of teachers, and advocated "respecting teachers and teaching" to promote teachers' love for teaching work. Regarding the problem, he advocates that the teaching materials should be small but precise, and the content should be prepared correctly. He requires proper formulation, scientific language preparation, and correct punctuation. He also often takes charge of the writing, translation, proofreading, and publishing of teaching materials in his busy schedule. Work. In order to form a good school atmosphere and leadership style, he advocated that "everyone should be the dean" and "deacons should do their own work" and each should be responsible for his own responsibilities. "Leadership, go straight to the grassroots; centralized leadership, division of labor and responsibility" work methods and leadership style. Liu Bo's achievements in education are remarkable. Mao Zedong affirmed Liu Bocheng's achievements in "Instructions to the Military Academy". He said: "The founding of the Military Academy Their education over the past year has made an important contribution to the construction of a regularized and modernized national defense force. ” In summary, it is not excessive to use the words “the pioneer of our military academies” and “the father of our military academies” to describe Liu Bocheng’s contribution to military education. Liu Bocheng has read ancient and modern Chinese and foreign military works, combined with Chinese The practice of revolutionary war, the study of Marxist military theory, and his unique discussions on guerrilla warfare, mobile warfare, positional warfare and headquarters work are his important contributions to Mao Zedong's military thought. Included in "Selected Military Writings of Liu Bocheng". He also translated many military works of the Soviet Union [1]?[2]?[3]?

Life

Marshal Liu Bocheng

Liu Bocheng, whose original name was Mingzhao, was born in Zhaojiachang, Kaixian County, Sichuan on December 4, 1892.

In the third year of Xuantong (1911), he participated in the student army in Wanxian County in response to the Revolution of 1911.

In 1912, he was admitted to the Chongqing Military Government General School. The following year, he participated in the Sichuan campaign against Yuan (Shikai)'s army.

In 1914, he joined the Chinese Revolutionary Party led by Sun Yat-sen. In the war to protect the country and protect the law, he successively served as company commander and regimental commander.

When he led the Sichuan National Guard Army to capture Fengdu in March 1916, he was shot in the head and his right eye was disabled.

In 1923, during the crusade against Wu Peifu, he served as the commander of the first line of the East Route Army against the bandits. He won many battles and was known as a famous general in central Sichuan.

Joined the Communist Party of China in May 1926.

In December 1926, he, Yang Anggong, Zhu De and others launched the Huzhou and Shunqing (today's Nanchong, Sichuan) uprisings. He served as the commander-in-chief and led his troops to fight against the Sichuan warlords and coordinate the Northern Expedition.

After accepting instructions from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 1927, he transferred to Nanchang and led the Nanchang Uprising with Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting, Zhu De and others. He served as the chief of staff of the former enemy committee of the Communist Party of China. After the failure, he passed through Hong Kong Transfer to Shanghai.

Study in the Soviet Union in 1928.

He graduated from the Frunze Military Academy in 1930 and returned to China in December to assist Zhou Enlai in handling the daily work of the Central Military Commission.

In January 1932, he entered the Central Soviet Area and served as the principal and political commissar of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army School.

In October 1932, he served as Chief of General Staff of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, assisting Zhu De and Zhou Enlai in commanding the fourth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression". During the fifth counter-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, he was dismissed from his post and transferred to the chief of staff of the Fifth Army for using Russian to angrily denounce Li De, a military adviser sent from the Communist International.

At the end of 1934, he was reinstated as Chief of General Staff and Commander of the Central Column, commanding the advance troops to forcefully cross the Wu River and outwit Zunyi.

In January 1935, he participated in the Zunyi Conference and supported Mao Zedong’s ideas. After the meeting, he assisted Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and others in commanding the Central Red Army to cross Chishui.

On May 4, 1935, the command cadre regiment forcibly occupied Wanpingdu to ensure the safety of the entire army crossing the Jinsha River north. Later, he served as commander of the advance team and led his troops with political commissar Nie Rongzhen to clear the way for the entire army.

When entering Daliang Mountain, he firmly implemented the ethnic policy of the Communist Party of China and made a "blood-based alliance" with Xiao Yedan, the leader of the Yi tribe, which enabled the entire army to pass through the Yi area smoothly and left a lasting legacy there. A story of national unity. After the First and Fourth Front Armies were reunited, he served as the Chief of General Staff and Zhu De accompanied the Red Army Headquarters in the Left Army. He and Zhu De firmly upheld the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's policy of going north to resist Japan and fought against Zhang Guotao's separatist activities.

After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he served as the commander of the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army, and organized his troops on the Shanxi front line to conduct the Yangmingbao night attack, Qidou Village ambush and other battles.

After 1938, the battles with political commissar Deng Xiaoping, deputy division commander Xu Xiangqian and others commanded Changshengkou, Shentouling, Xiangtangpu and other places dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese army.

Subsequently, they won the victory against the "Nine Route Siege" in southeastern Shanxi and the "mopping up" against Eleventh Route in southern Hebei, and established the Shanxi-Hebei-Henan Anti-Japanese Base Area.

In 1940, he organized troops to participate in the Hundred Regiments War and attacked the Zheng (Ding) Tai (Yuan), Ping-Han, Zi (Gui) Shan (Cheng) and (Da) Tong Pu (Prefecture) railway lines. .

Goed to Yan'an in September 1943.

In June 1945, he was elected as a member of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

On August 20, 1945, he was appointed commander of the Shanxi-Hebei-Luyu Military Region.

From September to November 1945, he and political commissar Deng Xiaoping commanded the Shangdang Campaign and the Handan Campaign, shattering the Kuomintang army's attempt to control southeastern Shanxi and open up the Pinghan Road.

In June 1946, together with political commissar Deng Xiaoping and the main force, he organized nine campaigns including Longhai, Dingtao, Ju (Ye) Jin (Xiang), Yu (Taiwan) and Northern Henan within ten months. , annihilated more than 120,000 enemies and defeated the Kuomintang army's all-out attack.

In June 1947, he and Deng Xiaoping led an army of 120,000 troops to break through the Yellow River defenses and command the southwest Shandong campaign. Then they leapt thousands of miles into the Dabie Mountains and rebuilt the Dabie Mountain base.

In October 1947, Chiang Kai-shek sent Bai Chongxi to command 33 brigades to besiege the Dabie Mountains. In December, Liu and Deng decided to lead the main force with Deng Xiaoping and others to persist in the internal struggle in the Dabie Mountains. Liu Bocheng led a unit to cross the Huaihe River north to mobilize the enemy. Liu and Deng's armies cooperated with the Chen (Yi) Su (Yu) Field Army that marched into Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu, and the Chen (Geng) Xie (Fu Zhi) Group that marched into western Henan. After ten months of arduous fighting, they expanded the Central Plains Liberated Area and forced the Kuomintang army to further into passivity.

In May 1948, he was appointed commander of the Central Plains Military Region.

In November 1948, he formed the General Front Committee with Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi, Su Yu, and Tan Zhenlin to unified command the East China and Central Plains Field Army for the Huaihai Campaign.

On December 15, 1948, together with Deng Xiaoping and Chen Yi, he commanded the Central Plains People's Liberation Army to annihilate the 12th Corps of the Kuomintang Army in the Shuangduiji area south of Suxian County.

In February 1949, the Central Plains Field Army was renamed the Second Field Army, with Liu Bocheng as commander.

In April 1949, together with other leaders of the General Front Committee, he commanded the Battle of Crossing the River, and directly commanded the Second Field Army to liberate the vast areas of southern Anhui, western Zhejiang, northeastern Jiangxi, and northern Fujian.

In the winter of the same year, he commanded the main force of the Second Field Army and part of the Fourth Field Army, and with the cooperation of the First Field Army, marched into the southwest, implemented the policy of long-distance roundabout encirclement, and liberated the four provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Xikang. In December 1949, he served as chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Committee.

In the winter of 1950, he led the establishment of the People's Liberation Army Military Academy and served as president and political commissar.

In 1954, he served as vice chairman of the People's Revolutionary Military Commission of the Central People's Government and director of the Training Directorate of the Military Commission.

In 1955, he was awarded the rank of Marshal of the People's Republic of China.

In September 1957, he was appointed president and political commissar of the Higher Military Academy.

In 1958, he was wrongly criticized for being labeled a dogmatist.

After 1959, he was responsible for the strategic research work of the Central Military Commission. He was a member of the Political Bureau of the 8th to 11th CPC Central Committee. From January 1966, he served as Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China. He was also the vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress from the second to the fifth session.

In 1982, he resigned from his leadership position in the party, government and military due to his old age.

Died in Beijing on October 7, 1986.

Evaluation

Liu Bocheng experienced the entire process of the Chinese Revolutionary War in his life. He accurately judges the enemy's situation, plans battles carefully, is good at winning by surprise, and is known for his uncanny calculations and resourcefulness. Marshal Zhu De once praised him as "having the military qualities of benevolence, faith, wisdom, courage and strictness, having the style of an ancient famous general, and being a rare general for the country." Marshal Chen Yi once left a famous saying: "On the new military, Sun Wu, guard the ancient Fan Han." Comrade Deng Xiaoping wrote in the article "Mourn for Bocheng": "Comrade Bocheng was a great intellectual and military strategist of our party and our army. His military command art and military theoretical attainments are among the few at home and abroad." Bocheng made great contributions to the formation and development of Mao Zedong's military thought." In the face of honors and achievements, he himself once said humbly: "If I have any achievements in my life, it is the party and Mao. Chairman Mao's leadership has given me. People like us will not achieve anything if we leave the party. Therefore, I am willing to be Chairman Mao's primary school student and do my best for the Chinese people. After I die, it will be my greatest honor to be able to inscribe "Tomb of Chinese Bolshevik Liu Bocheng" on my tombstone." His main works are included in "Selected Military Writings of Liu Bocheng". His translated works include "Soviet Infantry Combat Doctrine", Soviet "Contract Tactics", etc.

[4]?

Reference materials

1

Liu Bocheng (1892-1986)

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2

Sun Wu of the new generation——Liu Bocheng

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3

Liu Bocheng

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