First, the guidance method, learn to read, the ancients said: give people fish, you can enjoy their life. It can be seen that mastering methods is more important than learning knowledge.
Teach literacy tools to lay the foundation for independent literacy. First, teach Chinese Pinyin well. There are tens of thousands of Chinese characters, while Mandarin has only more than 400 basic syllables, so there are a large number of homophones and polyphones in Chinese characters. To improve literacy, it is necessary to learn Chinese Pinyin well and let students master pronunciation accurately with the help of Pinyin. The second is to teach the strokes, stroke order, radicals and frame structure of Chinese characters well, so that students can master the tools of self-learning fonts and cultivate their ability to analyze fonts by using the word-formation rules of Chinese characters.
Teach literacy methods and ensure independent literacy.
Read according to the word formation of Chinese characters. Chinese character culture is extensive and profound. In teaching, as long as we grasp the characteristics of Chinese characters to read, we can draw inferences from others and get twice the result with half the effort. For example, in the teaching of pictographic characters, I make full use of the characteristics of pictographic characters, keep the form of things, express the meaning of things, restore abstract text symbols into pictures, and guide students to stimulate their perceptual interest in pictures and remember new words. For example, the new words in the course of mouth, eyes and ears are pictographs. In teaching, I guide students to observe words and pictures, and let them find the similar characteristics of words and pictures. In observation, they can give full play to the advantages of children's image memory, make each character symbol vivid in front of students, memorize it in the form of pictures, and learn how to remember hieroglyphics from it. In the future, they can teach themselves in hieroglyphics. When I learn to understand Chinese characters, I will guide students to master and analyze their word-formation characteristics and use "split fonts" to read. Such as: bright, dusty, fresh, can be recorded as: bright, dusty, fish and sheep fresh, so that students can see at a glance, not only vividly remember the font, but also understand the meaning of the word. For the teaching of pictophonetic characters, I adopted the methods of changing radicals, removing radicals and adding radicals to compare and classify literacy. For example, when teaching "love", introduce words such as "please, love, sunny" to guide students to compare what they have found. Through observation and comparison, students find that the right side of these words are the same, but the radicals are different, so that students can realize the characteristics of "phonetic notation and metaphor". Students can not only remember these words quickly, but also gradually infer the meaning of the words according to their shapes and summarize them. "
Memorize new words according to the word theory. For example, when reciting the word "cong", I inspire students to understand that "only by listening attentively, watching carefully, expressing clearly with your mouth and thinking attentively can you be smart", thus stimulating students' interest in learning, enabling them to use their eyes, ears, mouth and brain together in their studies, and also firmly master fonts.
Use games, fun to read. Games are one of the most popular learning methods, which can stimulate students' interest in learning in such a learning environment. For example, when I was studying the word "left", I came up with a riddle: "One point one is horizontal, one is left, and two people are sitting on a mound." Let the students guess what this word is and use their brains to write it. The written students will be happy while enjoying the joy of success, and take root in their minds. Students who don't guess correctly will be suddenly enlightened and impressed when others tell the truth.
Second, carry out activities to consolidate literacy, make new word cards and get familiar with them every day. After each class, with the help of teachers or parents, I ask students to record new words on cards in their favorite way, and take them out to read to their study partners every day and accept their comments. Guide each other and learn from each other.
Carry out competitions, learn from each other's strengths and improve together. In the process of teaching, I regularly carry out the selection of "literate little experts", organize activities such as "winning the red flag", "picking fruit" and "walking the maze" in groups from time to time, and inform the parents of outstanding students in the form of good news, in order to stimulate students' sense of scrambling through these activities and urge them to take the initiative to read, help each other and make progress together.
Combine listening, speaking, reading and writing to strengthen the literacy effect. After students know the words, I first instruct them to read the text repeatedly, read the pronunciation correctly, remember the font and understand the meaning of the words in the sentence. On this basis, I will provide children's books with pinyin for students to try to read and consolidate the literacy effect.
Third, broaden our horizons, expand our literacy, and create and use the humanistic literacy atmosphere of the school. School is the cradle of children's healthy growth and knowledge acquisition, and our school is a fertile ground for humanistic education everywhere. When you first arrive at the door, you will see several striking Chinese characters, such as "Learning is the foundation, reading is the priority" on the lawn, "It's a pity to step on the grass", "Who knows that every meal is hard" outside the restaurant, "Water is the source of life, please save water" and "Pay attention to hygiene, start with me" by the pool. The blackboard newspaper on campus is rich in content and changing with each passing day, which is a good material for children to collect words. Look at our teaching building again, inspiring famous sayings and aphorisms abound, and every corner of the stairs and walls is a colorful garden paradise such as proverbs and biographies of celebrities. Needless to say, the classroom is a place for children to learn. I will take various forms to design a more favorable literacy environment according to local conditions, such as daily aphorisms, daily highlights, weekly poems, weekly comments and so on. It not only cultivates children's literacy ability, but also enriches social and cultural quality.
Create a harmonious family literacy atmosphere. Home is a warm harbor for children. I suggest that parents create a literate environment for their children through usual communication. For example, encourage children to hang business cards on things at home, write down profiles of people in photo albums, help parents read letters and newspapers, and tell their parents what they have seen and heard. Parents should give affirmation and encouragement in time, so that children can experience the fun of applying what they have learned.
Make full use of the vast social environment to read. In the modern social environment, there are spaces and opportunities for students to read everywhere. Novel and unique billboards on the street, dazzling packaging bags in shops, endless program words on TV and modern media all make students feel the breath of knowledge and the need for more literacy at any time. As long as our teachers teach students scientific literacy methods and parents give them the opportunity to study, students' literacy ability will continue to improve and their interest in literacy will continue to increase.
Of course, the cultivation of students' literacy ability will not happen overnight. As long as we constantly improve teaching methods, master the laws of literacy teaching, discover students' literacy opportunities in time, and patiently cultivate students' literacy habits, our literacy teaching will certainly get twice the result with half the effort.