The positive significance of reading is self-evident. Du Fu, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, once said that "reading thousands of volumes, writing is like a spirit". Primary school students are in the initial stage of their lives, like seedlings that have just broken out of the ground, eager to suck the nectar of knowledge so that they can thrive. To obtain this "nectar", in addition to relying on teachers' limited teaching in class, students also need to rely on extracurricular reading to collect it. The famous linguist Mr. Lu Shuxiang once said when talking about the role of extracurricular reading:

“Comrades can recall their own learning process, which depends on how much the teacher taught in class and extracurricular reading. I think it’s about 30% to 70%, that is to say, 70% comes from extracurricular reading.” This view of Lu Lao fully demonstrates that extracurricular reading plays a huge role in forming students' Chinese ability.

A person's Chinese literacy can only be formed through long-term and large-scale accumulation. As Zhuangzi said: "If the accumulation of water is not thick, it will be unable to bear the big wings." The national "Chinese Curriculum Standards for Full-time Compulsory Education" clearly stipulates that students' "total amount of extracurricular reading in nine years should be more than 4 million words", of which the total amount of reading in primary school should be no less than 1.5 million words. Its purpose is to allow students to "use a variety of reading methods" to "preliminarily understand and appreciate literary works" and at the same time "be influenced by noble sentiments and interests, develop personality and enrich their own spiritual world", thereby laying a "laid foundation for students". the basis for all-round development and lifelong development”. In order for students to accumulate a lot, they must read extensively and cannot just be satisfied with the limited time and limited reading content in class. In order for students to read extensively outside class, teachers must strengthen the guidance of primary school students' Chinese extracurricular reading in teaching, stimulate children's interest in reading, guide them to develop good extracurricular reading habits, and make extracurricular reading an intrinsic need of students. , becomes a life experience in children's lives and a new conscious way of life for them.

1. The phenomenon of extracurricular reading among primary school students

Although everyone is aware of the importance of extracurricular reading, its quality is not optimistic. Generally, the following situations exist:

1. Lack of interest in reading and not enough reading.

It is not difficult to find that many students do not like reading. They have to read because of the regulations of teachers and parents. As long as they are not in the sight of teachers and parents, they would rather be in a daze than pick up a book. , even if you pick up the book, you are not fully devoted to it. This loss of interest in reading has resulted in a small amount of reading, insufficient language absorption and accumulation, and low reading quality.

2. Improper methods lead to low reading quality and insufficient reading content.

The reading methods students learned in the classroom cannot be easily transferred to extracurricular reading. Some who should read intensively do not know how to read intensively and read them hastily without seeking a thorough understanding; those who only need to read roughly are slow to read. Reluctant to let go, wasting a lot of precious time. Some parents of students, due to lack of experience, are a little blind when choosing books, or the books are too single, and they specifically select books related to writing, resulting in a narrow reading area, making students mistakenly think that only reading extracurricular books can only be regarded as documents, or blindly Listening to their children's opinions, some parents are busy with work and have no time to discipline their children and let their children choose. As a result, their children choose some books that are too high or too low. Some buy some comic books and even some vulgar books, which are not conducive to Children's reading development.

Why in today’s world of quality education, when everyone attaches great importance to extracurricular reading, do such “pathological” extracurricular readings still appear? Investigating the root cause, I think there are mainly the following reasons:

(1) Students are at a lively and active age, and it is not easy for them to calm down and read a book. At the same time, because the connection between schools and families is not close enough, some parents do not understand the requirements for extracurricular reading and are unable to provide guidance and supervision, which results in students' extracurricular reading being scattered.

(2) Teachers do not have a strong awareness of the "big Chinese teaching concept" and only focus on the research of classroom teaching, leaving the vast extracurricular field to the students themselves.

Although some teachers have entered the field of extracurricular reading guidance, they suffer from a lack of theoretical knowledge and practical experience. Therefore, when guiding students, they are not very purposeful, their methods are not flexible enough, and they are somewhat powerless. This is the main reason for the chaos and disorder of students' extracurricular reading. reason.

(3) Reading itself is not easy to master. Although extracurricular reading is also a part of Chinese teaching, it must be admitted that most of the extracurricular reading time is outside school and is completed by students at home. Therefore, it is difficult for teachers to master extracurricular reading, which also leads to low quality of students' extracurricular reading.

2. My opinion on guiding students to carry out extracurricular reading

(1) Recommend excellent extracurricular reading content for children.

A good book educates people with its healthy thoughts, inspires people with its touching deeds, cultivates people with its noble sentiments, attracts people with its tense, thrilling and tortuous plots, and enriches people with scientific knowledge. Only by educating students to read good books can students be infected and influenced by the beauty of work, characters, society, and nature from good books, and can they understand truth, goodness, and beauty, and establish a correct aesthetic outlook. Primary school students are young and have little experience. They do not know what true beauty is. Teachers should tell students which books are good and can be read, which books are bad and cannot be read, and why, and constantly improve their ability to identify what real beauty is. Therefore, when teachers provide students with extracurricular reading guidance, they should pay attention to helping guide students to choose appropriate extracurricular readings to prevent "accidental eating" and "partial eclipse" during the reading process.

1. Choose recommendations based on age characteristics.

Students in the lower grades of primary school are young, less literate, and have low reading ability, but they are full of fantasy. You can recommend more short fairy tales, fables, children's songs, etc. to them. When students in the middle grades of primary schools have expanded their knowledge and improved their reading ability, they can recommend some revolutionary stories, children's novels, science fiction stories, children's poems, etc., such as "Open the Skylight" and "Cui Luan" written by ten-year-old Jiang Fangzhou "The teacher teaches you to read", "Must-read works for primary school students", "Children's Encyclopedia Thinking and Doing", "Five Thousand Years Ago" and so on. When the reading ability of senior primary school students is further enhanced and their life knowledge is further expanded, some historical stories, essays and novels reflecting real life can be recommended to them. At the same time, some social and natural science readings can also be recommended to them.

2. Recommend readings based on students’ interests and hobbies.

Generally speaking, primary school students most like to read content that is tense and bizarre, with interesting twists and turns. The genres are fairy tales, fables, stories (folk tales, battle stories, historical stories), and novels (science fiction, historical novels). The works are easy to understand, rich in pictures and texts, and short in length. In terms of age, lower-grade students prefer reading fairy tales and stories with illustrations, while senior students prefer reading biographies and novels with historical themes. In terms of gender, girls prefer to read fairy tales and folk stories, while boys prefer to read fairy tales and folk stories. I like to read science fiction novels, historical stories, and biographies. Teachers should recommend reading materials to primary school students based on their age and cognitive characteristics, starting from satisfying their desire to read.

3. Recommended readings based on text study.

Using the content of the text to guide students to choose books related to the content of the text can not only consolidate the classroom learning content, but also more easily arouse students' interest in reading and desire to explore. Teachers can recommend reading materials to students based on excerpted texts or text-related content. Such as "Three Hundred Tang Poems", "Andersen's Fairy Tales", and some stories about revolutionary figures. You can also recommend reading materials of the same genre as the text.

4. Teach students to find their own suitable extracurricular readings in the library.

Due to the lack of extracurricular reading experience, many students walk into the library and do not know where the book they are looking for is placed. Even if they find their own book, they do not know why it is placed here. And not anywhere else. Some students even ask the teacher directly as soon as they enter the library and ask the teacher to help them find the books they want. When this happens, I don't simply help him find books, but tell him how to find books and let him find them by himself. At the same time, we also provide students with basic graphic education, so that students can find books in the library as easily as they can find things at home.

5. Guide the selection based on the content recommended in the "Course Standards".

The newly promulgated "Curriculum Standards" not only stipulates the amount of reading in each school year, but also recommends some famous works for students to choose to read. The Ministry of Education also organized the editing and publication of "Extracurricular Reading for Primary and Secondary School Students" Read the proposed book series." These works are both beautiful in quality and are delicacies among students’ extracurricular readings.

6. Organize subscriptions to children’s newspapers and periodicals.

The contents of children’s newspapers and periodicals are carefully selected by editors. These contents are highly exemplary, targeted and adaptable to students. Teachers can encourage students to subscribe to relevant newspapers and periodicals that they like to read. , such as "Little Copernicus", "Edison", "Children's Illustrated", "Mickey Mouse", etc., you can taste delicious extracurricular readings in time. In our class, the whole class also subscribes to the "Primary School Student" magazine and provides unified reading guidance.

(2) Effective methods for teaching students to read

Zhang Zhidong once said: "Reading without understanding the essentials is a waste of effort." Pisarev also said: "There are many good books in the world, but these books are prepared for those who can read. Primary school students' extracurricular reading is highly individual, highly random, and has few controlled factors. Therefore, whether it is from improving reading efficiency or improving primary school students' extracurricular reading In terms of characteristics, we should pay attention to the guidance of extracurricular reading methods to help students master correct reading methods and improve the effectiveness of extracurricular reading.

1. Let students develop the good habit of taking reading notes and reading seriously.

① Intensive reading and skimming. To find information and obtain information quickly, the most direct way is to skim. This is the most commonly used method for extracurricular reading, but it is not the only method. Sometimes, when encountering. It requires pondering and pondering the subtleties, as well as intensive reading, reading, writing, marking, marking, and annotation. Extracurricular reading is highly personalized, and the method chosen depends on people’s habits. It depends on the reading content and purpose. Some extracurricular reading is limited to reading, some require writing reading notes and filling in weekly (monthly) reading cards, and some require batches and markings on them. When you find difficult words and sentences, you should also add annotations after looking them up in a dictionary or asking others for help.

Read and memorize. This is a Chinese course standard. Requirements for primary school students. In particular, when encountering some sentences, paragraphs, and articles with beautiful language and wonderful content, students are required to chant or even recite them on the basis of reading.

2. Learn to read evaluation

Reading evaluation is the reader's evaluation and inspection of his or her own reading effect during the reading process. Through the feedback of this evaluation result, the reader is prompted to adjust the reading process in a timely manner, which is helpful for reading. Optimization of the process (this is suitable for students in the upper grades of primary school). By reviewing the content of the books they have read, checking reading notes, experiences, etc., you can determine whether you can grasp the main content of the work and the author's creative ideas. Whether they can understand it, whether they can understand the creative methods used by the author, etc. It is a comprehensive activity that tests students' ability to acquire knowledge after reading.

①.

Evaluation subjects are multi-layered. The prominent individualized tendency of extracurricular reading determines the need for multiple subjects to participate in the evaluation of students' extracurricular reading, that is, the combination of student self-evaluation, peer evaluation, group evaluation, and teacher evaluation.

②.

The evaluation content is multi-layered. The evaluation of students’ extracurricular reading is generally carried out from four aspects: attitude, habits, quantity, and effect. Parents and students can be regularly asked to fill in the "Extracurricular Reading" together. "Reading Feedback Card" evaluates the titles read, authors, daily reading time, whether they take the initiative to read and the effect of reading. At the same time, it combines on-site reading reports, reading summary cards, reading note testing, etc. to give students a comprehensive motivating evaluation.

③.

The evaluation results are multi-layered. To truly implement and do a good job in extracurricular reading and create a "bookish" campus with a strong atmosphere, the school must evaluate each class every semester. Evaluate the effectiveness of extracurricular reading. At the same time, the class must also do a good job in evaluating individual students.

To evaluate the class, the school can, on the basis of listening to reading reports, select a certain number of students at three levels: A, B, and C (low, medium, and high), compare them with the "reading feedback card", and test the reading effect on-site, and then Refer to reading notes, etc., and make corresponding evaluations. Finally, the "Star Class for Extracurricular Reading", "Excellent Class for Extracurricular Reading" and "Qualified Class for Extracurricular Reading" were selected. In the processing of individual student evaluation results, a "tier system" is also implemented, that is, the selection of "Little Doctors in Extracurricular Reading", "Little Masters in Extracurricular Reading", and "Little Bachelors in Extracurricular Reading", and dynamic management is implemented between levels.

3. Reading must be done at a certain speed

With the development of society, the amount of information we need to obtain is increasing day by day, and the intake of new knowledge is also increasing. Therefore, The traditional reading method no longer adapts to the development of society. You must learn to read quickly. The most commonly used method is silent reading. In some primary and secondary schools in the United States, the reading teaching method of Sustained

Silent

Reading has been promoted. The purpose is to stimulate students' motivation to read on their own and cultivate lifelong reading. habits. The general approach is as follows: every day, students take ten to fifteen minutes to choose the books, magazines or newspapers they want to read in the classroom. The teacher does not ask questions, does not require writing reading reports, and does not record any scores. Its teaching effect is outstanding.

(3) Stimulate students' interest in reading, consolidate and expand reading effects

Research experiments show that when students become interested in reading, they are always proactive and in a happy mood. Read and don’t feel that reading is a burden.

In order to deepen extracurricular reading and make students have a strong desire to read, teachers should try their best to create a reading environment for students, provide them with time and space for reading, and carry out reading and newspaper reading as a background with rich content , various forms of interesting activities to stimulate students' enthusiasm for reading and consolidate and expand their reading effects. On the one hand, it is combined with teaching to expand knowledge, and on the other hand, it makes students' reading interest lasting.

1. Set up a class book corner

Let students approach books and bring books close to students. The class can set up a class book corner based on the actual situation of the class. The small book corner can provide students with a good extracurricular reading garden and create an extracurricular reading environment. Establish a dedicated librarian and formulate a strict lending system. Let the book corner become a window for spiritual civilization and a base for quality education.

2. Establish a reading interest group

Organize some students who usually perform well in extracurricular reading and achieve good results, establish a reading interest group, and further improve their skills through the activities of the interest group Reading level and ability to use knowledge, and then let these students drive other students in their own classes, so that the overall reading level of the class can be improved.

3. Organize students’ outings to enrich their holiday life

Use books to enrich students’ extracurricular life. Holidays are the golden season for reading activities. Use holidays, winter and summer vacations to collectively organize students to the library to guide students to gradually understand the library, thereby stimulating their interest in reading in the library. Let students be willing to borrow books from the library, come here to find the latest books and periodicals, satisfy their thirst for knowledge, and carry out the "Holiday Bookworm Activity" for a long time.

4. Form a reading and newspaper reading system

The class can subscribe to certain newspapers and periodicals based on the actual situation of the class, such as "Little Brother Perkins", "Edison", "Children's Pictorial", " Mickey Mouse", etc., use the first five minutes of each Chinese class and class and weekly meeting activities to organize students' reading and newspaper activities in a planned way. This cultivates students' awareness, interest, and ability in reading newspapers and newspapers, and helps develop reading habits.

5. Launch a handwritten reading newspaper production competition

Reflect your personal reading experience in your own newspaper, and do everything yourself from layout design to manuscript organization. It enriches students' extracurricular life, integrates students' reading, writing, painting, and writing abilities, and enables students to receive education through self-participation, so that students' overall quality and comprehensive ability can be improved.

For example, handwritten newspaper competitions with themes of "Love for the Motherland" and "Traffic Safety" have enhanced students' sense of being little masters and environmental awareness, and cultivated their noble aesthetic qualities.

6. Carry out reading activities in combination with education and teaching

In the reading standard activities, students can be required to read several excellent books in one semester and write reading notes. For example, our class is currently carrying out the activity of reading "Little Pig Xilihulu". Carry out interesting reading activities in a format that children love, such as story gatherings, lectures, experience exchange meetings, theme class meetings, reading essays, book reviews and other activities, and select the best reading essays and notes to recommend to schools.

7. Conduct various communication activities in conjunction with reading extracurricular books.

The form of book exchange activities should be colorful and can be thematic activities. Such as "Long March Poetry" recital and Andersen's Fairy Tales. In my class, I combine extracurricular book reading activities and hold regular storytelling competitions in the class to fully mobilize students' interest in reading, summarize and judge in a timely manner, give appropriate evaluations, and select the class "Little Story King". Through activities, students can display their reading results so that they can experience the joy of reading and devote themselves to reading activities with higher enthusiasm.

Writer Xiao Fuxing said: "Being able to love reading and know how to read is really the greatest wealth for a child." A book is like a ship, which can take people to distant places. Shakespeare, the master of drama, said: "Books are the nutrition of the whole world. Life without books is like no sunshine; wisdom without books is like birds without wings." In order to enable students to have a pair of strong wings, in order to Let our students swim in the ocean of books. In order to let them grow under the nourishment of knowledge, we must fully realize the status and role of extracurricular reading and attach great importance to cultivating students' extracurricular reading ability. Through publicity, guidance and the development of various activities, reading becomes a need for students' learning, life, growth and development, and books and reading accompany students' growth.