World Expo (Universal Expo, Expo is short for Exposition; Also known as the World Expo or World Expo) is a distinctive forum, which encourages human creativity and active participation. It also encourages human beings to combine science with emotion and present various new concepts, new concepts and new technologies that are helpful to human development to the world. Therefore, the World Expo is known as the "Olympic" event of world economy, science and technology and culture.

The World Expo is an international exposition with great influence and a long history organized by the host country government or entrusted by the government to relevant departments. It has a history of more than one hundred years. At first, it mainly displayed fine arts and traditional handicrafts. Later, it gradually became an exhibition of science and technology and industrial technology, and became a rare place to train industrial talents and enlighten ordinary citizens. The venue of the World Expo is not only to display technology and commodities, but also to be accompanied by colorful performances and charming and spectacular scenery. It is set as a space full of festive atmosphere that cannot be experienced in daily life, and it has become an ideal place for ordinary citizens to entertain and consume.

Expo is a gathering of human beings. People gather from all over the world to show their products and skills and praise their hometown and motherland. The World Expo is a masterpiece of human civilization, so it has unparalleled attraction and makes people feel excited. This kind of party can be traced back to ancient times. As early as the 5th century A.D., Persia held its first exhibition beyond the market function. At the end of the eighteenth century, people gradually thought of holding exhibitions similar to expositions, but they only exhibited and did not sell them. The modern world Expo originated in the middle of the19th century, when the industrial revolution was in its infancy. Up to now, the World Expo has been held for more than 40 times, and it has mainly experienced four stages of development.

[Edit this paragraph] The World Expo is the best in the world.

The Shanghai World Expo has not officially opened, but 10 has been selected as the best record China world record association.

1, the largest number of participating countries and organizations: more than 240 countries and international organizations signed up for the Shanghai World Expo, which was the highest in all previous world expositions, exceeding the highest record of 72 countries and international organizations participating in the Hanover World Expo in 2000/kloc-0. It will attract tens of millions of tourists from all over the world. The Shanghai World Expo was selected by world record association, China as the World Expo with the largest number of participating countries and organizations.

2. The largest number of volunteers: This World Expo has put forward new and higher requirements for volunteers. In the Expo Park and urban volunteer service sites, nearly 200,000 volunteers, mainly teenagers, will provide quality services to tourists from all over the world, and at the same time, nearly one million volunteers will be mobilized to participate in the civilized volunteer service activities of the Expo cities throughout the city, which is the highest in previous World Expos. Shanghai World Expo was selected as the Expo with the largest number of volunteers in world record association, China.

3. The number of self-built pavilions is the largest: about 40 countries and international organizations have signed up for the self-built pavilions of official exhibitors of the Shanghai World Expo, which is the highest in history. Shanghai World Expo was selected as the Expo with the largest number of self-built pavilions in world record association, China.

4. Online exhibition will be launched simultaneously for the first time: The organizer of Shanghai World Expo will launch "Online China 20 10 Shanghai World Expo" at the same time as the physical Expo, making full use of the unique advantages of the Internet to realize the organic linkage between the physical Expo and online exhibition, and the Internet will make Shanghai World Expo a never-ending Expo. At present, more than 70 countries and international organizations have confirmed their participation in online exhibitions. Shanghai Online Exhibition was selected as the first online exhibition in world record association, China.

5. The world's largest single solar roof: The solar panel area of the theme pavilion of Shanghai World Expo exceeds 30,000 square meters, which is the largest single solar roof in the world at present. The annual power generation can reach 2.8 million kWh, which is equivalent to the total electricity consumption of more than 4,500 households in Shanghai in one year. It can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 2,800 tons per year, which is equivalent to saving more than 0/000 tons of standard coal/kloc. The roof of Shanghai World Expo Theme Pavilion was selected as the largest single solar roof in world record association, China.

6. The largest ecological green wall in the world: The 5,000m2 ecological green wall on the facade of the theme pavilion of the Shanghai World Expo is the largest ecological green wall in the world. It is also a major symbol of energy saving in the exhibition hall. Greening and heat-insulating external walls can effectively block radiation and reduce the air temperature near the surface of external walls in summer. In winter, the external wall will form an insulation layer, which will reduce the wind speed and thus prolong the service life of the external wall. The roof of Shanghai World Expo Theme Pavilion was selected as the largest single solar roof in world record association, China. The wall of Shanghai World Expo Theme Pavilion was selected as the largest ecological green wall in world record association, China.

7. The largest public toilet in the world: The new public toilet in the Expo Park will be the most environmentally friendly public toilet in the world and the largest public toilet in the world. There will be more than 30 toilets and about 8,000 toilet seats in the Expo Park, making it the largest toilet in the world. The Expo Public Toilet adopts a ventilated and heat-insulated double-layer roof: the whole external wall is equipped with a unified sunshade device and a green wall, so that the internal surface temperature of the building envelope is lower than the outdoor temperature, and there is no need for an exhaust fan or blower. This way of learning from nature and adapting to local conditions can make the temperature difference between the inside and outside of public toilets reach 8- 10 degrees Celsius. It is more effective to deodorize by siphon principle. After the public toilets of the World Expo are opened, they will not be knocked out, resulting in a waste of resources. This "assembly box" toilet is "mobile" and can be dismantled after the World Expo and then taken to other public service areas. The public toilets in the theme pavilion of Shanghai World Expo were selected as the largest public toilets in the world in world record association, China.

8. Most of the old buildings are preserved in the park: about 20,000 square meters of historical buildings in the Shanghai World Expo Park will be preserved and protected, and more than 400,000 square meters of industrial buildings will be protected and replaced, accounting for about one-fifth of the total construction area of the Expo Park. Set a record high. The Expo site is the place where Shanghai's industrial heritage is concentrated, and the factories here bear many historical memories of the city. The protection and utilization of old buildings has become an important part of the theme interpretation of the World Expo. These old buildings will be reborn in a variety of uses: some are directly used in the National Pavilion (industrial plants are mostly long-span buildings, which are very suitable for display); The other part is used for logistics and logistical support; The most striking are the 5000-square-meter World Expo Museum and the 20000-square-meter Urban Civilization Museum, both of which are located in the old buildings of the former Jiangnan Shipyard. Shanghai World Expo Park was selected as the World Expo with the largest number of old buildings in world record association, China.

9. World Expo Park has the largest area: the park covers an area of 5.28 square kilometers in the city center, and the area of Shanghai World Expo Park is the largest in previous world expositions. Shanghai World Expo Park has been selected as the largest Expo in the world by world record association, China.

10, the largest crystal matrix in the world: In the joint pavilion of private enterprises in the World Expo, there is a "shining matrix" display wall consisting of 30,000 crystal panels, each of which is engraved with the name of each enterprise. The whole shining matrix will be colorful under the light, which is the most striking collective appearance of China enterprises on the world-class stage.

[Edit this paragraph] The history and origin of the World Expo

List of world expositions

Name of host country/city

British/London World Industrial Works Exhibition

1855 France/Paris World Expo

1862 UK/London World Expo

1867 The Second World Expo in Paris, France/Paris

1873 Austria/Vienna World Expo

1876 America/Philadelphia Centennial Exposition of American Independence

1878 The Third World Expo in Paris, France/Paris

1883 Netherlands/Amsterdam International Expo

1889 France/Paris World Expo (1889)

1893 USA/Chicago Columbus Memorial Expo

1900 The 5th Paris World Expo, France/Paris

1904 America/St. Louis Centennial Expo

1908 UK/London World Expo

19 15 USA/San Francisco Panama Pacific Expo

1925 International Decorative Art Fair in Paris, France

1926 USA/Philadelphia150th World Expo

1933 USA/Chicago World Expo

1935 Belgium/Brussels World Expo

France/Paris Paris Art World Fair

1939 USA/new york World Expo

1958 Belgium/Brussels World Expo

1962 USA/Seattle 2 1 century Expo

1964 USA/new york World Expo

1967 World Expo Montreal, Canada

1970 Japan/Osaka World Expo

197 1 Hungary/Budapest World Hunting Expo

1974 USA/Expo Spokane 1974

1975 Japan/Okinawa World Ocean Expo

1982 USA/Knoxville World Energy Expo

1984 World Expo in Louisiana, USA/New Orleans

1985 Japan/Tsukuba Expo

1986 Canada/Vancouver World Transport Expo

1988 Australian/Brisbane Brisben World Expo

1992 World Expo Genoa, Italy

1992 Spain/Seville World Expo

1993 Korea/Daejeon World Expo

1998 Lisbon Expo, Portugal

Germany/Hanover World Expo 2000

Japan/Aichi Aichi Earth Expo 2005

Spain/Zaragoza Expo 2008

20 10 China Shanghai world Expo

20 12 Korea/Lishui Lishui World Expo

20 15 Italy/Milan Expo

The first World Expo

1 851may1day, the world's first exposition was held in Britain.

Britain, which has completed the industrial revolution, is already a world-class power. No one doubts Britain's strength. Because of its great call, Britain hosted the first World Expo. Queen Victoria sent a diplomatic invitation letter, and 10 countries accepted it. Serious and rigid Britons use the country's economic strength to arrange exhibitions for the next World Expo. Victorian architecture has a heavy style, mostly huge stone buildings. In this World Expo, the British changed their old style and built a crystal palace with steel and glass as the main building materials in the famous Hyde Park. The Crystal Palace is 65,438+0,700 feet long and 65,438+0,000 feet high, consuming 4,500 tons of steel and 65,438+00 hectares of glass.

The first World Expo opened in a warm atmosphere. In the exhibition area covering an area of 96,000 square meters, the total length of the exhibition table is about13km. During the 23-week exhibition, 6.3 million people visited it. 65,438+04,000 exhibits include a 24-ton coal lump, a coal lump from Jin Gangzuan and a specimen elephant, while engines, hydraulic presses and textile machinery show visitors the development of modern industry and the infinite imagination of human beings.

This World Expo is not only a "dazzling and colorful" display, but also a pioneer of free trade in the next few decades, which indicates the arrival of the era of industrialized production to mankind. All the exhibits represent the development of modern industry and the infinite imagination of human beings. Therefore, the London World Expo is recognized as the first modern World Expo. Crystal Palace Expo has become a great driving force for scientific progress in the 20th century. Its success makes the future World Expo as grand as the Olympic Games on a global scale, so the World Expo is known as "the Olympic Games of economy, science and technology and culture".

World Expo with the first theme: 1933 Chicago World Expo

The higher the level of social productive forces, the stronger the professionalism of socialized production and the more orderly all activities of social life. After nearly a hundred years' deduction, the United States held the World Expo with the theme of "One Hundred Years' Progress" in Chicago on 1933. This is the first World Expo with a theme, requiring exhibitors to design and create their own exhibits around a common theme. Most of the scientific and technological achievements in the past 100 years were exhibited at the meeting. The spectacular neon lights were fascinating, while new scientific and technological achievements such as aviation technology and new buildings with air-conditioning facilities caused a sensation. People are encouraged to see the great progress of science and technology in the past century. Since then, every World Expo has set a very meaningful theme.

[Edit this paragraph] Introduction of Expo management team

The international organization responsible for coordinating and managing the World Expo is the Bureau of International Exhibitions, abbreviated as "BIE" in English. The Bureau of International Exhibitions was established in 1928, with its headquarters in Paris, France, and its charter is the Convention on International Exhibitions. The Convention was signed in Paris on 1928 by representatives of 3 countries and governments, and was revised on May 3, 2005,1948, 1966, 1972 and 1988 respectively.

The purpose of BIE is to promote economic, cultural, scientific and technological exchanges and development among countries in the world by coordinating and hosting the World Expo. The permanent body of the Bureau of International Exhibitions is the Secretariat, and the Secretary-General is the highest leader of the Bureau. The current Secretary-General is Mr. RalfLose Tess.

[Edit this paragraph] Member States of the Bureau of International Exhibitions

As of June 65438+February 3, 20091,yes 154. The list is as follows:

Europe (30)

Austria, Belgium, Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Britain, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, Ireland and Iceland.

North America (18)

Canada, USA, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, El Salvador, Grenada, Haiti, Mexico, Nicaragua, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and Gabon, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago.

South America (8)

Argentina, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela, Brazil

Africa (1 1)

Algeria, Madagascar, Morocco, Namibia, Nigeria, Seychelles, South Africa, Tanzania, Congo, Tunisia and Uganda.

Asia (18)

Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Korea, Laos, Lebanon, Malaysia, Mongolia, Oman, Philippines, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Thailand.

Oceania (3)

Australia, Nauru, Palau

[Edit this paragraph] Rules for holding city elections

The World Expo is an international large-scale exhibition sponsored by a government and attended by many countries or international organizations, which shows the achievements of mankind in the social, economic, cultural and scientific fields. It has the characteristics of long holding time, large exhibition scale, many participating countries and far-reaching influence.

Since 185 1 held its first exhibition in London, England, the World Expo has enjoyed the reputation of "Olympic Games in the fields of economy, science and technology and culture" because of its rapid development, and has been held for 40 times so far. According to the latest regulations of the Bureau of International Exhibitions, world expositions can be divided into two types according to their nature, scale and duration: one is a registered (formerly called comprehensive) world exposition, which usually lasts for six months and is held every five years; The other is a recognized (formerly known as professional) World Expo, which usually lasts for three months and is held once between two registered World Expos. The registered world Expo is different from the general trade promotion and economic investment promotion exhibitions, and it is the highest-level Expo in the world.

The Bureau of International Exhibitions (BIE) is an intergovernmental international organization, which is specialized in supervising and guaranteeing the implementation of the Convention on International Exhibitions, coordinating and managing the holding of the World Expo, and ensuring the level of the Expo. As of June 2002, it has 89 member countries. 1In May 1993, the Bureau of International Exhibitions officially accepted China as its 46th member. According to the election rules, the member countries of the Bureau of International Exhibitions, big or small, each have one vote. In the first round of voting, if the candidate city wins more than two-thirds of the votes, it will become the host city of the 20 10 World Expo. If no candidate city gets the required number of votes in the first round of voting, a second round of voting will be held, but the city with the least number of votes in the first round of voting will no longer participate in the competition. In the second round of voting, the candidate city that won more than two-thirds of the votes was elected. If no city gets more than two-thirds of the votes, the third round of voting will continue in the above way until the two cities with the most votes are elected. The final competition will be held in these two cities, and the one with more votes will get the right to host it.

[Edit this paragraph] The bidding procedure for the World Expo

I. Application

According to the regulations of BIE, countries intending to host the World Expo should submit their registration applications to BIE five years before the opening date (which is also the time when the host government starts to send invitations to other countries through diplomatic channels), and the registration fee is 10%. The application letter includes the date and theme of the opening and closing ceremonies, and the legal status of the organizing Committee. BIE will inform the governments of member countries of this application and inform them of their intention to participate in the competition within six months from the date of arrival of the notice.

Two. survey

Six months after submitting the application letter, the chairman of the BIE Executive Committee will organize an inspection according to the regulations to ensure the feasibility of the application. The inspection was presided over by a vice chairman of BIE, and several delegates, experts and the Secretary-General attended the meeting. All expenses shall be borne by the applicant. The contents of the inspection include: theme and definition, opening date and duration, location, area (total area, upper and lower limits of the area that can be allocated to each exhibitor), expected number of visitors, financial feasibility and financial guarantee measures, the organizer's method of calculating the participation fee and the allocation of financial and material resources (to reduce the cost of each participating country), policies and measures to ensure the participating countries, and the attitudes of the government and various organizations interested in participating in the exhibition.

Three. vote

If the preparatory work of the bidding country is supported by the delegation, the plenary session will vote eight years before the holding date as usual. If there is more than one bidding country, the plenary session will hold a secret ballot.

If the bidding country gets two-thirds of the votes after the first round of voting, it will be awarded the right to host. If any application fails to get two-thirds of the votes, another vote will be held, and the country with the least votes in each vote will be eliminated, and then the host country will be determined according to the principle of two-thirds of the votes. When only two countries participate in the competition, the host country shall be determined according to the principle of simple majority.

Four. register

The country that has won the right to hold the exhibition shall register the exhibition according to the general rules formulated by BIE and the examination and acceptance documents determined in the exhibition contract (draft). The application for registration should be submitted to BIE five years before the opening date. This is also the time for the host government to start sending invitations to other countries through diplomatic channels. Registration means that the host government formally assumes the responsibilities put forward in its application and recognizes the standards put forward by BIE, so as to ensure the orderly development of the Expo and protect the interests of all member States. BIE will charge the host government 90% of the registration fee when it receives the registration application, and the amount will be determined according to the rules adopted by the BIE plenary meeting.

[Edit this paragraph] Classification and level of the World Expo

A brief introduction to the classification of world expositions

According to the regulations of the Bureau of International Exhibitions, world expositions can be divided into two types according to their nature, scale and duration: one is a registered (also called comprehensive) world exposition, which usually lasts for six months and has been held every five years since 2000; The other is a recognized (also called professional) World Expo, which usually lasts for three months and is held once between two registered World Expos. The registered world Expo is different from the general trade promotion and economic investment promotion exhibitions, and it is the highest-level Expo in the world. Registered exhibitions are divided into four levels: A 1, A2, B 1 and B2. A 1 class is recognized as the highest level of the exhibition. China's application for Shanghai World Expo is a registered World Expo.

A 1 main terms of the world horticultural exposition

According to the regulations of the International Horticultural Producers Association:

①A 1 Expo must cover all fields including gardening;

② Minimum exhibition area: 50 square meters (500,000 square meters), in which the building occupied area is 10% of the total area (excluding the building area for indoor exhibition); ③ At least 5% exhibition area should be reserved for international exhibitors;

④ At least 10 different countries participated in the exhibition;

⑤ Financial guarantee: 20,000 Swiss francs;

⑥A 1 Expo shall be held no more than once a year;

⑦ Every country holds more than one A 1 level exposition every 10 year, with the shortest duration of 3 months and the longest duration of 6 months;

(8) Providing venues free of charge and providing financial assistance to underdeveloped countries.

Host cities and themes of previous world expositions.

1933 "a century's progress" in Chicago, USA

1935 Brussels, Belgium "Peace through Competition"

1937 "art and technology in the modern world", Paris, France.

1939 "Tomorrow's New World" in San Francisco, USA

Brussels, Belgium 1958 "Science, Civilization and Humanities"

1962 "people in the space age" in Seattle, USA

1964 new york "moving towards peace through understanding"

1967 "Man and the World" in Montpellier, Canada

1968 San Antonio "Cultural Exchange in the American Continent"

1970 "human progress and harmony" in osaka, Japan

1974 "pollution-free progress" in Spokane, USA

1975 "Ocean-a promising future" in Okinawa, Japan

1982 "energy-the power of the world" in Knoxville, USA

1984 "River World-Water is the Source of Life" in New Orleans, USA.

1985 "life and environment: human home technology" in Tsukuba, Japan

Vancouver, Canada 1986 "Transportation"

1988 "leisure life in the age of science and technology" in Brisbane, Australia

1990 "Man and Nature" in Osaka, Japan

Seville, Spain 1992 "The Age of Discovery"

Genoa, Italy 1992 "Columbus-Ship and Sea"

1993 south Korea's "new way to take off" Daejeon

1998 Lisbon, Portugal "Ocean-Future Wealth"

1999 "Man and Nature, Towards 2 1 century" in Kunming, China.

Conference on "Man-Nature-Technology-Development" held in Hanover, Germany in 2000.

In Aichi, Japan in 2005, "Nature, City, Harmony-Art of Life"

Conference on Water and Sustainable Development held in Zaragoza, Spain in 2008.

20 10 "Better City, Better Life" in China and Shanghai

"World Expo Famous Words"

"Only nature is a real engineer" —— Josephine paxton, an English gardener

"Our country has a symbol of freedom since then!" -American President Grant

"Our ancestors turned out to be outstanding artists." -Suotula.

"Pursuing the maximum return with the least cost"-Buckminster Fuller

"One small step for the individual, one giant step for mankind. This is spiritual and technical. " Armstrong

"The atom has been enlarged by1.500 million times, so may mankind make rational use of atomic energy"-Andrew Wattkane.

China joined the Bureau of International Exhibitions.

Approved by the State Council and confirmed by the Bureau of International Exhibitions, the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade formally applied to join the Bureau of International Exhibitions on May 3rd 1993, and was elected as a member of the Information Committee of the Bureau of International Exhibitions on February 3rd 1993.

China participated in the World Expo for the first time

China's first participation in the World Expo should have started from the London World Expo in 185 1. Xu Rongcun, a businessman from Guangdong, China, packed his "Rongji Lake Silk" into 12 bundles and shipped it to the UK, and finally won the gold and silver award.

For the first time, the China government sent its own representative to participate in the World Expo as a country. It was the Philadelphia World Expo in 1876. At that time, the representative of China's industry and commerce was Gui Li. He is a wise, brave, resourceful and courageous China man, but he was overwhelmed by that era. Gui Li wrote a book called "A New Record of Traveling Around the World", which recorded the 1876 Philadelphia World Expo. Although he is the only China person in the China delegation, it is the first time that China people have officially set foot on the World Expo.

New China has participated in all previous World Expositions.

Since 1982, entrusted by the government of China, China Council for the Promotion of International Trade has organized China Pavilion to participate in the World Expo in the name of the country for a total of 10 times. Namely:

1982 Knoxville Energy Expo;

1984 "Water Source" World Expo in New Orleans, USA;

1985 Tsukuba "Science and Technology" Expo;

1986 Vancouver "Traffic" Expo;

World Expo Brisbane, Australia 1988 "Amateur Life in the Age of Science and Technology";

1992 World Expo Genoa, Italy "Ships and Oceans";

Expo 1992 Seville, Spain "The Age of Discovery";

1993 "the new way to take off" of Daejeon World Expo in Korea;

Expo 1998 "Ocean-Future Wealth" in Lisbon, Portugal;

Expo 2005 Aichi, Japan "Love the Earth".

Among them, China Pavilion was rated as "Five-Star Pavilion" twice and "Best Foreign Pavilion" once in 1988 Brisbane, 1992 Seville and 1993 Daejeon World Expo.

Previous World Expositions and China World Expositions

1. 1999 Kunming "man and nature-towards 2 1 century" Expo;

2.2006 Shenyang World Expo "We Live in Harmony with Nature";

3.20 10 Shanghai World Expo;

4.20 1 1 Xi World Expo