1 Confucius. Kong Qiu (5565438 BC+September 28th (August 27th of the lunar calendar) ~ April 479 BC 1 1 February 11th of the lunar calendar) was a Zhongni, a native of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and a Han nationality. Confucius was the greatest educator and thinker in ancient China, the founder of Confucianism and the most famous cultural celebrity in the world. Confucius was born in Changping Township (now Luyuan Village, southeast of Qufu City, Shandong Province) on September 28th, 55/Kloc-0 BC (August 27th in the summer calendar). On April 1 1 day in 479 BC (February 11th of the lunar calendar), Confucius died at the age of 73 and was buried in Surabaya in the north of Qufu where Kong Lin is now located. Confucius' thoughts on words and deeds are mainly contained in Prose Collection, Analects of Confucius and Four Books.
Famous sentence: Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you.
In a threesome, there must be a teacher, choose the good one and follow it, and change the bad one.
A gentleman is respectful without loss, respectful to others, and brothers all over the world.
There are three friends who benefit and three friends who suffer. Friends are frank, friends forgive and friends listen more, which is beneficial. Friends make friends, friendly and soft, and friends will be destroyed and damaged.
2 Laozi. Li Er (600 years before-470 years before) (date of birth: Chen Geng, February 15th at the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty) was born in Qurenli,, also known as "Lao Zi", Han nationality (Luyi County, Henan Province, Yang Guo, Anhui Province). He was a great philosopher and thinker in ancient China, the founder of Taoist school and a world cultural celebrity. In his later years, Lao Zi took Qingniu to the west and wrote a 5,000-word Tao Te Ching in Hanguguan (located in Lingbao, Henan).
Famous sentence: those who know others are wise, and those who know themselves are clear. The winner is strong and the loser is strong. He who is content is rich and determined to win. Those who have not lost their position for a long time, those who die but not die, live a long life. Don't convince people with virtue, so that people don't dispute; Expensive and rare goods, so that people do not steal; If you don't see what you want, you won't be confused. It is also ruled by saints. Empty your heart, strengthen your stomach, weaken your will and strengthen your bones. People are often ignorant and have no desire, and if they don't dare to do it, they will die.
Three grandchildren. Sun Wu (about 535- 470), whose real name was Changqing, was revered by later generations as the eldest grandson and a native of Qi Le 'an (now Guangrao, Shandong). Great-grandfather and grandfather are both famous in Qi State. He likes to study the art of war from an early age and has accumulated a lot of experience. /kloc-when he was 0/8 years old, he felt useless because of the civil strife in Qi, and left Qi to go to Wu. Sun Tzu "is good at the art of war, has the opportunity of ghosts and gods, is wonderful in the world, and wrote Sun Tzu's art of war."
Famous sentence: Sun Tzu said: Soldiers, the important events of the country, the place of life and death, and the way of life and death cannot be ignored.
Soldiers are cunning. Therefore, you can show what you can't do, use it without showing it, show it far and near, and show it near and far. Lure it, take it at random, prepare it, avoid it, scratch it angrily, be humble, do it, let it go, attack it unprepared and surprise it. The victory of this military commander should not be announced first.
4 Zuo Qiuming (about 502 BC-about 422 BC) Zuo Qiuming, surnamed Zuo, was named Qiu Ming (at that time, he said his surname was Qiu Ming, and some people said his surname was Qiu Ming), and he was a native of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. Zuo Qiuming is learned and virtuous, and Confucius is ashamed. Yue: "Miao Yan, make color, full of respect, Zuo Qiuming is ashamed, Qiu is also ashamed;" If you hide grievances and make friends with others, Zuo Qiuming will be ashamed and Qiu will be ashamed. "A surname of the Han Dynasty Sima Qian called him' the gentleman of Lu'. Zuo Qiuming is a historian of past dynasties, and together with Confucius, he "studied the history of Zhou Dynasty". According to a large number of historical materials about the seal of marquis in Shandong and other countries, Zuozhuan, the first chronicle in ancient China, was written according to Chunqiu.
Famous saying: studious is not for two.
Love your son, teach him integrity, and accept evil, arrogance, luxury and lewdness, for he is evil. Fourth, spoil Lu Ye.
B six great writers in Qin dynasty:
1 Li Bai (70 1 ~ 762), the word is too white, and it is called Violet Lay Man, also known as "fallen fairy" (how to comment on Li Bai, Li Bai also praises it). Han nationality, born in Sheyecheng, Duhufu, Anxi (according to legend, born in Qinglian Township, Jiangyou, Sichuan), moved to Changlong County, Mianzhou, Sichuan at the age of 4 (now jiangyou city, Sichuan Province, represented by Guo Moruo). China, a great romantic poet in Tang Dynasty, was called "Poet Fairy" by later generations, and was also called "Du Li" with Du Fu. His poetic style is bold, elegant and free, with rich imagination, fluent and natural language and harmonious and changeable melody. Li Bai lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He had the progressive ideal of "helping the poor" and "settling down in peace", and he struggled to realize this ideal all his life. A large number of his poems not only reflected the prosperity of that era, but also exposed and criticized the debauchery and corruption of the ruling group, showing the positive spirit of despising the powerful, resisting the traditional bondage and pursuing freedom and ideals. In art, his poems are novel in imagination, unique in conception, strong in emotion, magnificent in artistic conception, fresh and bright in language, magnificent in momentum and unrestrained in style, forming a bold and unrestrained artistic style, reaching the peak of positive romantic poetry in ancient China. There are nearly a thousand poems, including Li Taibai, the representative of romantic poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Famous saying: One day, I will ride the wind and waves, sail straight and cross the deep sea. It's hard to go.
But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with our swords and raise our glasses to drown our sorrows. Xie Tiao Villa in Xuanzhou Farewell Minister Shu Yun.
Yanshan snowflakes are as big as seats, and pieces of them blow off XuanYuanTai. Popular in the north
Since God has given talents, let them be used! As for the money, although it is scattered, it will get together again. Yuefujiang Jin Jiu
2 Du Fu (7 12~770), whose real name is Shao Lao, is also called Shao Lao. Han nationality, a native of Gongxian County, Henan Province (now Gongyi, Zhengzhou), was originally from Xiangyang, Hubei Province. China, a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, was known as a "poet saint" and a world cultural celebrity, and was also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. Du Fu's distant ancestor was Du Yu, a famous Jin Dynasty poet, and his ancestor was Du Fu, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Du Fu was originally Zuo Shiyi and Yuan Wailang, and later he was called Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu. Du Fu lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty, and his poems mostly involved social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings. His poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu is concerned about the country and the people, with noble personality and exquisite poetic skills. Du Fu wrote more than 1400 poems in his life, many of which are famous works that have been handed down through the ages, such as Three Officials, Three Farewells and Du Gongbu Collection. Among them, the "three officials" are Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an official and Tongguan official, and the "three farewell" are newly married, homeless and resigned. Du Fu's poems were the most widely circulated in the Tang Dynasty, and he was one of the most outstanding poets in the Tang Dynasty, which had a far-reaching influence on later generations.
Famous sentence: Never starve to death, and the Confucian crown often makes mistakes. Give Wei Zuocheng Twenty-two Rhymes
Reading has broken thousands of volumes, and writing is like a god. Give Wei Zuocheng Twenty-two Rhymes
To the monarch, Yao and Shun, and then make the customs pure. Give Wei Zuocheng Twenty-two Rhymes
Li Bai's poems are the fresh wind of Yu Xin's poems and the backbone of Jun Zai's works. Li Bai's Memories in Spring
On the border, people's blood flows like the sea, while the heart of Emperor Wu is still beating for the war. Military vehicle shop
3 Su Shi. Su Shi (1037 ~11,born in1037, 19, February) is known as "Dongpo lay man". A famous writer, painter, poet and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, and a representative of the unrestrained poets. Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan, Meishan City, Northern Song Dynasty) people. Representative works include Niannujiao and Shuidiao Tou.
Famous sentence: laughter fades into silence, but passion is ruthlessly annoyed.
I have hated this body for a long time. When will I forget the camp?
Ten years of life and death are two boundless, disapproving and unforgettable.
A lonely grave thousands of miles away, desolate and nowhere to talk about.
Care for each other without words, only a thousand lines of tears
I will make my strength as full as the full moon, full as the full moon, heading northwest and shooting at the team in West Xia Jun.
Bai Juyi (772 ~ 846) was born in Tang Daizong for seven years and died in five Huichang years. Letian, the late Xiangshan laity, Han nationality, Xinzheng, Henan, is a famous and far-reaching poet and writer in the history of China literature. He is known as "the poet magician" and "the king of poets", and his poems have a wide influence in China, Japan and South Korea. He is the author of seventy-one volumes of Bai Changqing Collection.
Famous article: bid farewell to ancient grass, ramble across the plain and come and go with the four seasons. Wildfire can't burn it out, but the spring breeze can revive it. Weeds and wild flowers are all over the ancient road, and the end of the grass in the sun is your journey. I once again sent my bosom friend, and the thick grass represented my deep affection.
5 Cao Xueqin (17 13- 1763, 1724- 1764), a novelist in Qing Dynasty, is the author of China's novel A Dream of Red Mansions. Name Zhan,no. Xueqin, piano score, My ancestral home is rich in Hebei, and I say Liaoyang or Tieling. Han nationality. He comes from a big bureaucratic landlord family with a "century-old family", and his grandfather's uncle has inherited Jiangning weaving for three generations for 60 years. Later, his father was implicated in the incident and was removed from his post. The decline of family fortune made Cao Xueqin suffer the bitterness of life. In the last decades of his life, he created A Dream of Red Mansions with ten years' perseverance and devoted himself to the revision. After his death, he left the first eighty manuscripts of A Dream of Red Mansions. A Dream of Red Mansions is a great romantic work in Chinese classical novels, with rich content, tortuous plot, profound ideological understanding and exquisite artistic techniques.
Famous sentence: Shao Hua's laughter has no roots, and the good wind frequency helped me to go to the sky.
False is true, true is false, and inaction is everywhere.
The world is full of knowledge and the cultivation of human feelings is an article.
6 Luo Guanzhong. Luo Guanzhong (about 1330—— about 1400), a native of Qixian County, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, is of Han nationality. A famous novelist and dramatist at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, China was the originator of Zhang Hui's novels.
He wrote many works in his life, the main works are: the script Zhao Taizu's Dragon and Tiger Club, the serial admonition of loyalty and filial piety, and Zhang Sanping's crying; Novels such as The Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties, The Romance of Tang and Five Dynasties, The Legend of Three Sui Demons, The House of Powder Makeup, it is said that Shi Naian co-authored The Water Margin and his masterpiece The Romance of Three Kingdoms.
Famous saying: "Everything in the world is mine!" I'll do it today, who dares not to follow! Do you think my sword is bad? "
"I would rather teach me to be negative about the world than teach the world to be negative about me."
"The dragon can be big or small, and it can be raised or hidden; It's cloudy and foggy when it's big, and it's hidden when it's small; Rise and fly in the universe, hide and lurk in the waves. Fang Shen this spring, the dragon changes at any time, and the Jews aim high and travel all over the world. "
Four famous people in modern literature:
1 Lu Xun. Lu Xun [188 1 September 25th ~19361October 19], China writer, thinker and revolutionary. Yucai was originally named Zhou Shuren and was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. 19 18 in may, the diary of a madman, the first vernacular novel in the history of modern literature in China, was published for the first time under the pseudonym of Lu Xun, which laid the foundation stone of the new literature movement. He participated in the work of New Youth magazine around the May 4th Movement and became the leader of the May 4th New Culture Movement. He is the author of Jiaqu, Sanxian, Erxin, Nanqiang, Beijiao, Pseudo-Free Book, Zhun Tan, Lace Literature, Essays on the Pavilion of the Riviera, Essays on the Pavilion of the Riviera II, and Essays on the Pavilion of the Riviera
Famous sentence: Reading should use eyes, mouth, heart, hands and brain.
It is not a pity to try to delete unnecessary words, sentences and paragraphs.
Tragedy destroys the valuable things in life for people to see, and comedy tears up the worthless things for people to see.
With local characteristics, it is easy to become the world. It is to attract the attention of other countries.
2 Lao She (1899.2.3 ~1966.8.24), formerly known as Shu Qingchun, an old Beijinger, a modern novelist, dramatist and famous writer in China, was awarded the title of "People's Artist" for his works. He used to be a primary school principal, a middle school teacher and a university professor. The pen names are "She Yu" and "Lao She". Lao She is his most commonly used pen name, and there are other pen names such as Hongse and Feiwo. He used to be a professor at Shandong University and other well-known universities. His major works in his life include Camel Xiangzi, Four Generations under One Family, Unfinished under the Red Flag, Longxugou, Teahouse and so on.
Famous saying: Talent is the blade, diligence is the whetstone, and no matter how sharp the blade is, it will rust if it is not ground for a long time.
Practice makes perfect. Writing once, although it doesn't look like it, will also bring many benefits. Constant writing will gradually touch the bottom of literary and artistic creation. The wastebasket is my good friend. I often throw away the waste manuscripts in it, and I will succeed one day.
The wisdom of a philosopher, coupled with the innocence of a child, may make a good writer.
3 Mao dun. Mao dun (1896 July 4th-198 1 March 27th), formerly known as Shen Dehong, was named Yan Bing. Han nationality, Tongxiang, Jiaxing, Zhejiang. China is a famous modern writer, literary critic, cultural activist and social activist, one of the pioneers of the May 4th New Culture Movement and one of the founders of revolutionary literature and art in China. Mao Dun's masterpiece Midnight has made an indelible historical contribution to the revolutionary cause in China.
Famous saying: Only the unfortunate modern youth born in a rich family, locked up in school, with clowns in their mouths and air-dried bones, are unfortunate and deserve to be ground to a pulp under the big wheel of history!
Youth! The burden on your back is getting heavier every day, and the fire of your life should burn on the road of transforming society, not on the illusory road of enjoyment.
4 Ba Jin, (1904 165438+20051October 25, 65438+1October 17), formerly known as Li Yaotang, was born in Chengdu, Sichuan, and his ancestral home was Jiaxing, Zhejiang, Han nationality. The representative works include love trilogy: fog, rain and electricity. Riptide trilogy: home, spring and autumn. Essay collection "Random Thoughts". Modern writer, translator, publisher, one of the most influential writers since the May 4th New Culture Movement, and a master of modern literary circles in China. 1927 completed the first novella Death, and 1929 caused a strong response after the publication of Novel Monthly. His major works include Death Day, Rebirth, Sardinia, Germination and the famous Riptide Trilogy. 193 1 was serialized in The Times. Among them, Home is the author's masterpiece and one of the most outstanding works in the history of modern literature in China.
Famous saying: "My goal in life is to help people, let everyone have spring, everyone has light in their hearts, everyone's life can be happy, and everyone's development can be free."
"I took off my mask in the dark and saw the face of the world. I lie down, I cry, I cry for my helplessness, I cry for seeing human suffering. "
Four contemporary celebrities:
1 Jia Pingwa. Jia Pingwa, formerly known as Jia Pingwa, was born in February1952, and is a contemporary writer in China. A native of Danfeng County, Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province. Masterpieces: Shangzhou, White Night, Impetuousness, Shaanxi Opera, Happiness, etc. Jia Pingwa's writing is both traditional and modern, both realistic and lofty. His language is simple, but his heart is rough.
Famous saying: reading is not easy to understand, learning to be excellent is an official, peace of mind is the birth of God, observation in Taiji.
When writing a novel, you must put the characters in a living environment, and what is imagined in the room is often dead.
2 road away. Lu Yao (1949- 1992), formerly known as Wang Weiguo, Han nationality, 1949 was born in a poor peasant family in Qingjian County, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province on February 3. At the age of 7, due to family difficulties, he was adopted by his uncle in rural areas of Yanchuan County. Studying in Yanchuan county middle school, 1969 went back to his hometown to farm. During this period, he worked as a temporary worker and taught in a rural primary school for one year. 65438-0973 entered the Chinese Department of Yan 'an University, during which he began to create literature. 1988 completed the million-word novel "Ordinary World", which is a novel with a panoramic view of contemporary urban and rural social life. "Ordinary world, brilliant life." This eulogy, carved on the stone in front of Luyao's tomb, very aptly expresses Luyao's short and brilliant literary life.
Famous saying: A young man who has experienced the trauma of love may stand up stronger in life if he has not fallen down because of this trauma.
3 Bai Xianyong (1937 July11~), a Hui nationality, is a famous contemporary writer. People from Guilin, Guangxi. Bai Xianyong published a collection of short stories, Lonely Seventeen, Taipei People, The New Yorker, a collection of essays and the novel Evil Son. Bai Xianyong absorbed the writing skills of western modern literature, and integrated them into China's traditional expression, describing people's stories and lives in the old and new times, full of historical ups and downs and vicissitudes of the world.
Famous saying: "The best culture, the most beautiful peony, is in your backyard. If you don't appreciate it and irrigate it, people won't do it for you. "
4 iron solidification. Qu, female, born in Zhao County, Hebei Province, 1989 was born in Beijing in September, 1957. Contemporary writer, chairman of Chinese Writers Association, adjunct professor of Hebei Normal University, Shanghai University and Hebei University, alternate member of the 17th Central Committee. Tie Ning's father is a famous painter Tie Yang. 1993, the novella Opposite was published. Won the "Zhuang Chongwen Literature Award" awarded by the Chinese Writers Association. Early works describe ordinary people and things in life, especially the hearts of characters, reflecting people's ideals and pursuits, contradictions and pains, and the language is soft and fresh.
Famous saying: only an ugly heart, no ugly woman.