Eighth grade politics book 1 knowledge points: shape yourself
1. 1 self-esteem and confidence
(1) How to understand the meaning of self-esteem?
A: Self-esteem is the cornerstone of a healthy personality. It is an emotion that values and affirms one's personality. It is respect and love for yourself from the outside to the inside. It doesn't do anything detrimental to its personality, it doesn't bow and scrape to others, and it doesn't allow others to discriminate and insult itself. Self-esteem is an appropriate affirmation of oneself and the pursuit of one's intrinsic value and dignity.
(2): What is the meaning of self-esteem?
A: Self-esteem and self-confidence inspire us to make progress and make us form a healthy personality. With self-esteem and self-confidence, our career will be successful, interpersonal relationships will be coordinated, and it will help us better stand on the society.
(3): How to cultivate and maintain self-esteem?
Answer: ① If you want to be self-respecting, you must be ashamed, refuse to be humble, and love yourself completely. ② Get out of inferiority complex, establish self-confidence and overcome conceit and vanity.
(4): What is inferiority complex and its harm? How to overcome inferiority complex?
Answer: ① Inferiority is an unhealthy psychological state, which means to look down on yourself, belittle yourself and even give up on yourself. Inferiority prevents us from establishing a happy life, which is not conducive to interpersonal coordination, physical and mental health, career success and even suicide.
To overcome inferiority, we should establish self-confidence, learn to respect ourselves, treat ourselves objectively and cultivate a positive and optimistic attitude towards life; Be good at discovering and exerting one's strengths and advantages, and create a record of success.
(5) Difference:
disease
The cause of disease
prescription
self-contemptuous
You can't know yourself comprehensively and objectively.
Discover your own advantages and create a record of success.
pretentious
You can't look at yourself and others comprehensively and correctly, only see your own advantages.
Fully understand and evaluate yourself and others, and see the advantages of others.
showy
You can't look at yourself and others comprehensively and correctly.
Fully understand, treat and evaluate yourself and others correctly.
(6) Key points of knowledge:
Self-esteem is the cornerstone of healthy personality, and self-esteem is the basic psychological need of people. Self-esteem inspires us to make progress and makes us form a healthy personality.
Because of shame, people will control their behavior, not do vulgar things, and live with dignity. Shame is the source of all virtues.
A person's dignity depends on the behavior of self-esteem.
Inferiority is an unhealthy psychological state, and inferiority is a psychological cage.
Self-esteem is to affirm oneself properly, while conceit is to affirm oneself excessively.
Self-esteem is the pursuit of intrinsic value and dignity, while vanity is the pursuit of superficial glory.
1.2 Distinguish between right and wrong
(1): What is a man's conscience?
Answer: A person's conscience is a correct view of right and wrong (adolescence is an important period to establish a view of right and wrong).
(2): How to cast the yardstick of conscience? (textbook P 14)
Answer: ① Understand morality and study law; ② Choose a good role model; ③ Learn rational analysis; ④ Establish a beautiful ideal.
(3): How to treat the social impact correctly?
A: ① Society is complex, so we should judge it by the yardstick of conscience, absorb beneficial nutrition, eliminate useless dross and reject harmful toxins.
(2) Treat the influence of relatives and friends of elders correctly, distinguish right from wrong, do not blindly follow, and correct the mistakes of elders.
③ Correctly treat the influence of mass media. The most important thing to watch TV and newspapers online is to learn to choose.
④ Correctly treat social popularity. Think independently, act rationally and avoid blind obedience (refer to P9 "Innovation Training").
(4) List all kinds of temptations faced by middle school students. Faced with these temptations, how can we learn to overcome obstacles and make the right choice?
A: For example, Internet cafes, television, newspapers, pornography, gambling, and the temptation of drugs,
First of all, we must overcome ourselves, strengthen our will, and grasp the correct scale of conscience in order to resist the temptation.
(2) It must be broken, adhere to principles and do nothing wrong.
(3) Be firm in beautiful ideals and be a new generation with ideals, morality, culture and discipline.
(5) Key points of knowledge:
Distinguishing between good and evil and right and wrong is the basic quality of being a man.
? Social popularity? It is a complex social and cultural phenomenon and a comprehensive reflection of society's economy, culture and psychology in a certain period.
1.3 Self-responsibility
(1): How to correctly understand the meaning of responsibility?
A person should be responsible for his actions. A responsible person is a person with good quality. Responsibility means self-awareness, self-affirmation, self-adjustment and self-guidance. People with a sense of responsibility have a clear understanding of the consistency between behavior and consequences, have the courage to bear their own responsibilities, do not shirk, be able to self-examine, self-discipline, and stop themselves from doing wrong.
(2): What responsibilities do we have in combination with social phenomena such as dropping out of school, contradiction with parents, and deforestation?
Answer: ① We are responsible for ourselves. It is our important duty to complete the learning task, master knowledge, cultivate ability and improve quality.
Be responsible for others, honor parents, respect teachers, unite classmates and get along with friends.
(3) Be responsible for the collective, become a useful member of the collective, and add luster to the collective.
(4) Be responsible for the society and care about the society and others.
It is irresponsible to drop out of school. It is irresponsible to contradict your parents. Deforestation destroys nature and environment, which is irresponsible to society.
(4): How to be a responsible person?
Answer: ① Establish a responsible attitude towards life; ② Learn to analyze the causal relationship of things; ③ Develop the habit of thinking twice before acting; (4) be brave enough to take responsibility for the bad consequences caused by your own mistakes and mistakes, accept lessons and avoid repeating the same mistakes.
(5): Give two celebrity cases with a sense of responsibility.
A: 1) During the SARS period, Zhong Nanshan fought in the front line of fighting against SARS. 2) Lu Xun changed his mind and volunteered for the motherland.
Knowledge points in the first volume of eighth grade politics (1)
help others
First, kindness is sincere and extensive love.
1. Kindness is one of the most beautiful virtues of human beings and the cornerstone of good moral character.
2.* Being kind to others means being kind to others (being kind to others and helping others).
3.* Kindness is selfless, and good behavior is bound to be unrequited. Being kind to others requires distinguishing right from wrong, and a kind person is not an unprincipled gentleman. Kindness is broad, no matter to relatives or strangers, we should be sincere and kind. Kindness should be seen in action, and sincere love should be expressed through action.
Second, help others and experience the happiness of life.
Helping others is not only for the needs of others, but also for our inner feelings. For a person with self-esteem, giving is happier than harvesting, and giving allows us to experience the exertion of our own values and abilities.
2. Love is an inexhaustible source. The more we give, the richer our hearts will be and the stronger our sense of happiness will be. Therefore, helping others is not only giving, but also gaining. It is happy to help others.
Third, put yourself in your heart and don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you.
1, caring for others is a way of thinking and behavior.
2. It is difficult for people to care about each other. It is the beauty of adults to compare their hearts. Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you, and ask us not to hurt others.
Knowledge link
1, social life is complex and people's moral level is uneven. Around us, we will always see some dishonest people and dishonest behaviors. Please list three cases of dishonesty in campus life.
A: For example, copying homework; Cheating in exams; Conceal one's achievements and performance in school from parents; Promise parents and teachers to study hard, but don't put it into action.
② In view of these phenomena, may I ask? Create an honest campus? Give some useful suggestions.
A: 1. Strengthen the integrity education for students, and educate students not to copy homework or test integrity; 2. Strengthen the publicity of honesty, post honesty slogans, and create a good campus atmosphere of honesty; 3. Organize honesty campus debate contest, essay contest, speech contest, etc.
(1) There are many disabled people around us. What kind of attitude should we take towards them?
A: Equality, friendliness, caring, sincerity, respect, understanding and tolerance.
(2) Disabled people often encounter unimaginable difficulties in their lives. How should we help them? How to treat people equally?
Answer: no discrimination in spirit, no discrimination; Emotional care, consideration, love and communicate with them; In material life, give them some financial assistance and help within their power.
(3) In order to ensure the normal life of the disabled, the state and society have adopted many practices and measures, and write down three you know.
A: There are seats for the disabled in buses and other places. Stations, docks, airports, squares, etc. There are disabled people's access such as blind roads; Establish disabled persons' federations, disabled persons' foundations and other organizations related to the disabled to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests; In terms of legislation, the Law on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Disabled Persons was promulgated.
3, 1), what is kindness to others? A: Being kind to others means being kind to others.
2) How can we be kind to others? Answer: To be kind to others, we must first correctly understand kindness, knowing that kindness is sincere and extensive love, selfless, discriminating between right and wrong, extensive, and depends on action. Secondly, helping others is the foundation of happiness; Finally, we should do to others what you don't want us to do to you.
Knowledge points of the first volume of politics in grade eight (2)
Love the motherland
1, why do you love your motherland?
A: The rise and fall of the motherland affects children's feelings. The motherland is the dependence of children. The motherland is weak and the people suffer. The motherland is prosperous, the people live and work in peace and contentment, and the destiny of the motherland and individuals is closely linked.
2. What is the status and value of national culture?
A: The 5,000-year-old culture is the wealth of Chinese children, which has created our soul of china and nurtured a generation of Chinese children and China teenagers.
3. How to treat the national traditional culture and carry forward the national spirit?
A: It is our bounden duty to inherit our own culture. We should cherish the excellent cultural traditions and maintain the cultural characteristics of our nation. First of all, let yourself become a person with national cultural literacy, and understand and appreciate the essence of national culture in various ways. Secondly, we should discard the traditional culture, take its essence and discard its dross. It is the mission of our younger generation to carry forward the national spirit again.
4. How to make yourself a person with national cultural literacy?
A: 1) Classroom study 2) Extracurricular reading, art appreciation and social investigation 3) Studying classics, 4) Contact with traditional culture and folk customs of historical sites.
5. What is the dross of traditional culture?
A: The old culture and old morality, such as hierarchical order, unconditional obedience to the old system of ancestors, maintaining the status quo, male superiority and negative tolerance, are the dross that we should abandon today.
6. What great national spirit has the Chinese nation formed?
A: Form a great national spirit of unity, peace-loving, hard work, courage and self-improvement with patriotism as the core.
7. List famous sayings and aphorisms that embody the spirit of the Chinese nation.
A: Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world. Just as celestial bodies maintain vitality through movement, a gentleman should constantly pursue self-improvement.
8. How do teenagers carry forward the national spirit?
Answer: Inherit Chinese virtues, set up lofty ideals and ambitions, consciously fulfill social responsibilities, aspire to success, study hard, be brave in practice, work hard, make selfless dedication, and cultivate innovative spirit and ability.
9. How to cultivate patriotism?
A: Earnestly study the history of China, understand the profound culture of China, establish national pride and self-confidence, pay attention to national affairs, seriously attend the flag-raising ceremony, love hometown and oppose acts of splitting and reunifying the motherland.
The knowledge points in the first volume of eighth grade politics shape their own related articles;
1.20 16 eighth grade, the first volume of political knowledge points, Guangdong Education Edition
2. Summary of ideological and moral knowledge points in the second day of junior high school.
3. Summary of political knowledge points in the second volume of the eighth grade
4. The eighth grade political unit 3 knowledge points
5. Key knowledge points in the second volume of eighth grade politics