I don't quite understand some reasons why these books are banned. For example, in the introduction of Jing Chu Tang Ji, Ye Yibao wrote about them. This Ye Yibao is "liberal, good at poetry and painting. During the reign of Kangxi, he recommended to try Hongbo, and wrote works such as" A Supplement to the Stone ". Judging from this introduction, it seems that he should be a good slave of the Qing court and be good at helping others, but he just doesn't know it.
As for the reason why the economic examination was banned, it was explained that it was banned for forty-six years in Qianlong.
The compilation of the economic examination finally explained the reason for the ban. "This book was wrongly typed by Min E, the governor of Anhui Province, and was banned for forty-six years because it contained the preface of Ding Gong." I am ignorant. I don't know who this Gong Zhongding is. He made a preface and a book was banned.
Economic Annals, Economic Words, Edited by Jing Slightly Revival, Jing Slightly Draft, Shi Jing Collection, Shi Jingqi's Medicine Collection, Shi Jing Practical Collection, Shi Jing Briefing, Jing She's Legacy Collection and Yuan Jing Tongzong are all books written by Ming Dynasty people. It is natural that the Qing Dynasty banned these books.
Let's look at the word "Jun". There are only three books, two of which are books of the same name, both of which are called "Illustration of Weapons" and the other is "Military Manuscript", both of which are works of Ming people. The first "Illustration of Weapons" was written by Bi Maokang, a scholar in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. According to the introduction, this book "lists all kinds of firearms, with pictures and texts, and describes the manufacture, use and power of military devices." The book says,' What foreigners fear most is guns from China'. This book was written by Min E, the governor of Jiangsu Province, and its destruction was prohibited on November 27th, forty-six years in Qianlong. Another book, The Illustrated Book of War, was written by Zhu Zheng in Ming Dynasty, and was included in the Forbidden Book Index.
We might as well choose another representative word "Ming" at last. There are too many banned books starting with this word, so we only make a list. This is:
Biography of Ming Taizu Hundred Generals, Notes on Ming Pao, Selected Tables of Ming Dynasty, A Brief Introduction to Ming Soldiers, Ming Ceheng, Complete Official System of Ming Dynasty, A Brief History of Ming Dynasty, Notes on the Words and Actions of Officials of Ming Dynasty, Notes on the Founding of the People's Republic of China in the Early Ming Dynasty, Memorabilia of Ming Dynasty and Chronicles of Ming Dynasty at the end of the biographies of Ming emperors. Complete Notes on the History of Ming Dynasty, Notes on Ming Dynasty, Brief Notes on Ming Dynasty, Biography of Jiang Ming, Records of Famous Officials in Ming Dynasty, Books on Ming Dynasty Economy, Notes on Ming Officials' Economy, Records of Ming History, Chronicles of Late Next Year, Imperial Letters in Late Ming Dynasty, Selected Poems (Chen Zilong) and Selected Poems in Ming Dynasty (Ma). Ji Tongzong, Excerpts from Ming Tong Ji, Notes on Ming Tong Ji, Compilation of Ming Tong Ji, Compilation of Ming Tong Jian, Compilation of Tong Ming, Wan Ming Lu, Ming Dynasty Copywriting, Ming Dynasty Treasures, Ming Dynasty Primer, Ming Dynasty Masters Second Edition, Ming Dynasty Big and Small Quotient and Ming Dynasty Gain. Ji, Ming Xuanzong Baoxun, Ming Taizu Anonymous, (Ming Taizu) Ming Zalu, (Anonymous), Zhi, Tongzong, Mingzhi Party Map, Shu, Draft and Brief.
I counted, just starting with the word "Ming", there were nearly 150 kinds of books banned in the Qing Dynasty.
Because of curiosity, I went to see the introduction of the "Prohibition of Destruction of Baoxun" by Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty. The excerpt is as follows: "In September of the forty-eighth year of Qianlong, I checked the general file of books that should be destroyed by Red Bookstore. This book' is a sermon of Xuande, which has been destroyed since the Ming Dynasty, and this book should still be destroyed' "
The situation of Ming Dynasty Miscellaneous Notes (Anonymous) seems to be more interesting. The author of this book is from the Qing Dynasty. In the preface of this book, he has said with trepidation that "everything contained in the later series comes from books such as …… We are still making a short version of the old theory, which is attached to the Mongolian sense. When the history museum is successful, this volume can be completed. " In other words, when the author wrote this book, he admitted that he could not believe it because it was not issued by the Qing Dynasty. After the history museum is completed, this book can be thrown away like a broken bowl.
The rulers of the Qing court finally lived up to the author's expectations. This book was "paid by Sazai, Governor of Liangjiang River, and banned on April 26th in the forty-sixth year of Qianlong (178 1)."
Don't think that these are all banned books about the Ming Dynasty. You see, almost all the banned books with the word "yellow" are books with the word "...", and there are dozens of books from Lu to Books. The rulers of the Qing Dynasty were really nervous about the word "Ming". There were so many banned books in which the word "Ming" appeared directly in the title, but there was no "Ming" in the name. There were countless banned books related to Ming, such as Notes of Jiajing, Qin Long, Wanli and the Four Dynasties of the Apocalypse, which was recorded by the military during the Qianlong period, 44 years1kloc-0. There is also a brief introduction to the Korean invasion of Japan, probably the Ming Dynasty's anti-Japanese and aid Korea. It has nothing to do with Manchu, but it is still banned. "In the forty-eight years of Qianlong (1783), in September, this book was listed in the sixth batch of books that should be destroyed by the Red Office."
However, after reading the preface of Wang Maosun's Hundred Golden Square quoted at the beginning, we should know that these banned books are only a small part of the books destroyed under the rule of the Qing Dynasty, which is the tip of the iceberg. It can even be said to be a lucky part, because these books have left their names after all. Although a large part of the banned books have completely disappeared and become extinct, some of them have escaped from the Manchu network, and even been deliberately searched and preserved because they are on the list, and have survived to this day. In contrast, most of the books were directly destroyed for the sake of safety in the horrible atmosphere created by the Qing court, just as Wang said, "All books that are eloquent in astronomy and geography are kept at home for fear of inviting disasters and often mixed with burning."
It is the fate of these books to "pull miscellaneous things and burn them"!
A few books, such as Heavenly Creations, were not banned in Qing Dynasty. After more than 200 years of Qing dynasty rule, they almost disappeared from China, but they were finally recovered from Japanese and French foreign libraries. This is very lucky. Most books, I am afraid, are not so lucky.
It is understandable that bibliophiles under the Manchu dynasty were "afraid of inviting trouble, asking for bans and burning frequently". As long as we take one of the more than 100 literary inquisitions formulated by Qianlong as an example, we can understand how horrible the literary inquisitions in the Qing Dynasty were. In such a horrible atmosphere, it seems to be the wisest choice to burn the book yourself, regardless of willy-nilly.
In December of the forty-sixth year of Qianlong, Zhuo Ru of Zhenze County, Jiangsu Province reported that Zhuo Lianzhi and Zhuo Peizhi's grandfather Zhuo Quan could write Yi Ming's poems, and there were rebellious words in the poems, so the Qing court's minions went to two houses to copy Yi Ming's poems, but they didn't copy them down (it is estimated that when someone reported it, they quickly burned the books, thinking that it would never be anything, but it was naive wishful thinking). As a result, when the charges came out, they were accused that "a family has lost its conscience and destroyed justice. It is really impossible to repeat it, and it is outrageous to read it" (I don't know what the so-called conscience of Qianlong and his minions is. The Han people were slaughtered and maimed by their ancestors who entered the customs, but they also sang praises, thanked them and did not complain? Their slaughter and ravages may have turned into great compassion for the slaughtered and mutilated in their hearts. Now they don't know how to repay, but they want to cry, which is naturally immoral and extinct. Now that the charges have been implemented, all that remains is the verdict. How is it judged? As follows: "Zhuo Changling, the governor of Renhe County, wrote Gao Zhangge's poems, Zi Yi Zhuo Min, Zhuo Shen and others also wrote poems such as Snow Ji, and Yi Zhuo Yiqun wrote Miscellanies of the West Lake, all of which were arrogant and rebellious. All five criminals died of illness one after another, so they still have to chop up their bodies and show their heads to the public according to the mid-year rebellion law. Zhuo Tianzhu, the grandson of Zhuo Chang, and Zhuo Tianfu, the son of Zhuo Shen, both made decisions according to the law of great opposition. Zhuo Lianzhi's collection of inverse books can't be paid first, and it is planned to be cut according to the law of knowing and hiding the great inverse. The two-year-old sons of Chen, Gao, Wang and Zhuo Tianfu have all been sent to the hero's home as slaves. "
A well-off family only collected great-grandfather and grandfather's poems. As a result, it was really chilling that the family was ruined, beheaded and made public, and became a slave. If Manchu's own files don't record his cruelty to the extreme, who can believe this is true? Imagine if Wu Cheng'en, the author of The Journey to the West, lived not in the Ming Dynasty but under the rule of the Qing Dynasty. Just saying in his book that "emperors take turns to do it and come to my house next year" is enough to make him satirize the emperor of that dynasty because he is good at Taoism. Not only himself but also his family and his descendants will be beheaded. Fortunately, Wu Cheng'en lived in the Ming Dynasty.