Collection of songs of Chu

Interpretation of righteousness

Amazing wit, clever strategy. Describe a clever strategy.

tidy

"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" used the phrase "The clever plan is that Kong Ming borrows an arrow to offer a secret plan, and Huang Gai is punished" in the 46th chapter.

a two-part allegorical saying

Grass boat borrows arrows-sit back and enjoy the success

A straw boat borrowed an arrow and returned with a full load.

Grass boat borrows arrow-error (fog)

Zhuge Liang borrowed an arrow from a straw boat-with a suspicious plan.

Zhuge Liang borrowed the arrow from the grass boat-a clever plan

Lu Su got on Kong Ming's boat-in a daze.

The straw boat borrowed an arrow from the official history.

Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a novel with many fictional elements. Historically, when Sun Quan was at war with Cao Cao, it happened that he borrowed a straw boat to shoot arrows. Sun Quan went to inquire about Cao Cao's military situation by boat. When Cao Cao found out, he ordered the soldiers to shoot arrows. Sun Quan's boat was shot askew and almost sank. He turned the boat around and let the arrow continue shooting, so that the boat was balanced and Sun Quan sailed away. Sun Quan's cleverness made Cao Cao very sigh, leaving a famous saying that "a child should be like Sun Zhongmou"; In addition, according to historical records, Zhou Yu is so broad-minded that it is impossible not to be jealous of Zhuge Liang.

Zhuge Liang's "borrowing an arrow from a straw boat" is one of the most wonderful stories in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Reading this story often makes people admire Zhuge Liang's cleverness. However, Zhuge Liang has never done this in his life. So, was this story invented by Luo Guanzhong out of thin air? That's not true, because he does have a foundation.

According to the Notes on the Reflection of the Three Kingdoms Wu Shu and Wu Zhuan Zhu II Pei Songzhi, in the 18th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 13), Cao Cao and Sun Quan confronted each other in ruxu (now a waterway of Chaohu Lake in Chao County, Anhui Province into the Yangtze River). Cao Jun was defeated in the first battle, so he couldn't hold on. One day, Sun Quan broke into the front by canoe from ruxu to observe the deployment of Cao Jun. Sun Quan's canoe went for five or six miles, and the drums were full of music. Cao Cao was suspicious by nature. Seeing that Sun Jun was so powerful, he was afraid of fraud and didn't dare to go to war. He sighed and said, "My son should be like Sun Zhongmou, and Liu Jingsheng's son should be like a dolphin and a dog!" Subsequently, Cao Cao ordered the crossbow to be shot at Wuchuan. Soon, Sun Quan's canoe was in danger of capsizing because there were too many arrows on one side. Sun Quan ordered the bow to be turned around so that the other side could be shot again. After a while, all the arrows were laid flat, and Sun Jun returned safely. Cao Cao realized that he had been cheated.

It can be seen that it was not Zhuge Liang who borrowed the straw boat to shoot arrows, but Sun Quan, and it happened five years later in Battle of Red Cliffs.

The straw boat in the novel borrows an arrow

Zhou Yu asked Zhuge Liang to make 65438+ ten thousand arrows in 10 days, but Zhuge Liang unexpectedly said, "Cao Jun is coming today. Wait 10 days and you will miss the big event. " He said, "It only takes three days to complete my life. Zhou Yu was overjoyed and immediately signed a military order with Zhuge Liang. In Zhou Yu's view, Zhuge Liang could not have made 654.38 million arrows in three days anyway, so Zhuge Liang was certain to die. It shows that Zhou Yu does not believe that Zhuge Liang will make 654.38 million+arrows in three days.

After Zhuge Liang left, Zhou Yu sent Lu Su to see Zhuge Liang to check the movement and find out the truth. As soon as Zhuge Liang saw Lu Su, he said, "How can 654.38 million arrows be made in three days? Still hope to help me! " Lu Su, who is kind and honest, replied, "You are asking for trouble. How can I save you?" Zhuge Liang said, "I only hope you can lend me 20 boats, each with 30 soldiers." All the boats are covered with green cloth, and there are more than 1000 boats on both sides of every boat in sokcho. All this, I have my own wonderful use. On the third day, there will be 654.38 million arrows. But there is one thing you must not let Zhou Yu know. If he knows, he will definitely get in the way, and my plan will be difficult to achieve. " Although Lu Su agreed to Zhuge Liang's request, he did not understand Zhuge Liang's meaning. After Zhou Yu saw it, he didn't talk about borrowing the boat, but said that Zhuge Liang was not going to make bamboo, feathers, glue paint and other items for arrows. Zhou Yu was puzzled after listening.

After Zhuge Liang borrowed ships and ranks from Lu Su, he was ready to sail as planned. But Zhuge Liang did not move for two days in a row. It was not until four o'clock on the third night that he secretly invited Lu Su to the boat and told him to get the arrow. Lu Su asked inexplicably, "Where can I get it?" Zhuge Liang replied, "Amethyst doesn't need to ask, just ask." Lu Su was puzzled and had to accompany Zhuge Liang to see what had happened.

In the early morning, the vast river was foggy and dark. Zhuge Liang had 20 boats tied together with long ropes and moored in the camp of Cao Jun on the north bank. By the fifth watch, the fleet was close to Cao Cao's water village. At this time, Zhuge Liang taught his soldiers to put the bow in the west and the stern in the east, horizontally in front of Cao. Then, he ordered the foot soldiers to drum and shout, deliberately creating a momentum of drum invasion. Lu Su was surprised at this scene, but Zhuge Liang told him frankly from the heart: "I knew Cao Cao would never dare to go out resolutely in this foggy night." You and I can drink as much as we like, and when the fog clears, we will come back. "

When Cao Cao heard the news, he was really worried about the fog, and he was ambushed, so he refused to go to war easily. He drove 6000 archers from the dry village to the river, and together with the archers of the water army, * * * about 1, 000 people shot at the river in an attempt to stop the "Sun Liu Lianjun" who beat drums and called for battle. For a time, the arrow was like a migratory locust, shooting at the straw handle and curtain on the boat in the middle of the river. After a while, Zhuge Liang calmly ordered the fleet to turn around, head east and tail west, get an arrow near the water village, and let the foot soldiers beat drums and shout. When the fog cleared at sunrise, all the stalks on the boat were densely covered with arrows. At this point, Zhuge Liang ordered the fleet to turn around and return. He also ordered all the foot soldiers to shout loudly: "Thank you, Prime Minister Cao, for the arrow!" " When Cao Cao learned the truth, Zhuge Liang's arrow team had left more than 20 miles, and Cao Jun could not catch up. Cao Cao regretted it.

After the fleet returned to camp, * * * got more than 65438+ ten thousand arrows, which lasted only three days. Lu Su witnessed it and called Zhuge Aliang a "man of God". Zhuge Liang told Lu Su that he was not only familiar with astronomy and geography, but also with strange Yin and Yang. He is better at the disposal and military posture in marching operations. Three days ago, he predicted that there would be heavy fog. He finally said, "My life depends on the sky. How can Zhou Gongjin hurt me! " When Zhou Yu learned all this, he was shocked and sighed.

Textbook version of grass boat borrowing arrows

Main content: Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu used clever tricks to "borrow" 100,000 arrows from Cao Cao, which foiled Zhou Yu's plot.

Zhou Yu was jealous when he saw Zhuge Liang's talent. One day, Zhou Yu consulted Zhuge Liang about military affairs and said, "We are going to fight Cao Jun ... What is the best weapon for water fighting?" Zhuge Liang said, "Bows and arrows are the best." Zhou Yu said, "Yes, sir, I think so, too. At present, the army is short of arrows, and I would like to ask Mr. Wang to be responsible for building 100 thousand. This is official business. I hope Mr. Wang will not transfer it. " Zhuge Liang said, "Of course, if the governor entrusts him, he will do it. I wonder when these 100 thousand arrows will come in handy? " Zhou Yu asked, "Will it be completed in ten days?" Zhuge Liang said: "Since there is going to be a war, if it is completed in ten days, it will definitely miss the big event." Zhou Yu asked, "How many days does Mr. Wang expect to be ready?" Zhuge Liang said, "Just three days." Zhou Yu said: "The military situation is urgent and you can't joke." Zhuge Liang said, "How dare you joke with the viceroy? I am willing to make a military order, and I will be punished if I can't do it within three days. " Zhou Yu was so happy that he asked Zhuge Liang to make a written pledge to fulfill a military order himself and hosted a banquet in his honor. Zhuge Liang said, "It's too late today. From tomorrow to the third day, please send 500 soldiers to the river to shoot arrows. " Zhuge Liang had a few drinks and left.

Lu Su said to Zhou Yu, "How can you make 100,000 arrows in three days? Is Zhuge Liang lying? " Zhou Yu said, "He said it himself. I didn't push him. I have to tell the craftsmen to delay deliberately and not to prepare all the materials for making arrows for him. If it can't be built by then, he will have nothing to say if he is convicted. Find out what he wants and report back to me. "

Lu Su met Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang said, "I need your help to make 100 thousand arrows in three days." Lu Su said, "You found it all yourself. Can I help you? " Zhuge Liang said, "You lend me twenty ships, each carrying thirty sergeants. The boat is covered with a green curtain, and more than 1000 straw handles are arranged on both sides of the boat. I have my own clever use. On the third day, I left a hundred thousand arrows. But we can't let the governor know. If he knows, my plan is over. "

Lu Su agreed. He doesn't know the purpose of Zhuge Liang's borrowing the boat. When he came back, he reported to Zhou Yu that he didn't mention borrowing the boat, only that Zhuge Liang didn't need bamboo, feathers and glue paint. Zhou Yu was puzzled and said, "On the third day, let's see what he does!"

Lu Su privately dispatched 20 clippers, each with 30 sergeants. As Zhuge Liang said, he arranged green curtains and grass handles for Zhuge Liang to dispatch. On the first day, Zhuge Liang did not move; The next day, Zhuge Liang still did not move; It was not until four o'clock on the third day that Zhuge Liang secretly invited Lu Su aboard. Lu Su asked him, "What do you want me to do?" Zhuge Liang said, "Please go and bring the arrows with you." Lu Su asked, "Where can I get it?" Zhuge Liang said, "Don't ask, you'll know when you go." Zhuge Liang ordered twenty boats to be tied together and headed for the north shore.

At this time, it was foggy all over the sky, and even the face of the river could not be seen clearly. Before dawn, the ship approached the water village in Cao Jun. Zhuge Liang ordered the stern to face east and spread out the word, calling the sergeant on board to drum and shout. Lu Su said in surprise, "What if Cao Bing comes out?" Zhuge Liang said with a smile, "Cao Cao must not dare to send troops in such a heavy fog." We just drink for fun and go back at dawn. "

Hearing drums and shouts, Cao Cao ordered, "The river was foggy and the enemy suddenly attacked. We can't see the truth clearly, so don't go out easily. Just ask the crossbowman to shoot arrows at them and keep them away. " He sent six thousand crossbowmen to the dry village to support the water army by the river. More than 10,000 crossbowmen shot arrows at the river together, as if it were raining. Zhuge Liang also ordered the boat to be turned over, with the bow facing east and the stern facing west, still beating gongs and drums, shouting and coming to the water village in Cao Jun, ready to take the arrow.

It's getting light, and the fog hasn't dispersed yet. At this time, the straw handles on both sides of the boat were covered with arrows. Zhuge Liang ordered the soldiers to shout in unison: "Thank you for the arrow of Prime Minister Cao!" Then call 20 ships back to the south bank. Cao Cao knew that he had been cheated, but the ship here had sailed for more than twenty miles with the wind, and it was too late to catch up.

When twenty ships landed, 500 soldiers sent by Zhou Yu just came to the river to move arrows. There are about five or six thousand arrows in each ship, and there are always more than 100 thousand Lu Su in twenty ships who meet Zhou Yu and tell him the process of borrowing arrows. Zhou Yu sighed and said, "Zhuge Liang has a clever plan. I really can't compare with him! " "

The difference between crossbows and bows and arrows

The weapon used by the crossbowman is a horizontal bow and arrow, which has a long range, but it does little damage to the close-range target and is conducive to water confrontation. Bows and arrows have a short range, but they are extremely lethal to close targets and are suitable for land warfare.