The law establishes a public interest litigation system to ensure the investigation of illegal acts, so as to better protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens. The Civil Procedure Law has relevant provisions on public interest litigation, which has played a certain supporting role in public interest litigation. Public interest litigation includes civil public interest litigation and administrative public interest litigation, which are divided according to the nature of the applicable procedural law or the object of the lawsuit (object). Procedural law theory holds that if interests are harmed, the victim has the right to file a lawsuit in court and request judicial relief. According to the subject of litigation, public interest litigation can be divided into public interest litigation initiated by procuratorial organs and public interest litigation initiated by other social groups and individuals. The former is called civil public prosecution or administrative public prosecution, and the latter is called general public interest litigation.

The task of the People's Procuratorate in handling public interest litigation cases is to urge administrative agencies to perform their supervisory and management responsibilities in accordance with the law through the independent exercise of procuratorial power in accordance with the law, support qualified subjects in exercising their public interest litigation rights in accordance with the law, and safeguard national interests and social welfare. * interests, safeguard social fairness and justice, safeguard the authority of the Constitution and law, and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities.

Legal basis: Article 3 of the "Public Interest Litigation Handling Rules of the People's Procuratorate" When handling public interest litigation cases, the People's Procuratorate shall abide by the Constitution, laws and relevant regulations, uphold an objective and fair stance, and follow the basic principles and principles of the relevant litigation system. Procedural provisions and adherence to judicial transparency. Article 4 The People's Procuratorate shall perform its procuratorial duties in public interest litigation by making procuratorial suggestions, filing lawsuits, and supporting prosecutions. Article 5 When the People's Procuratorate handles public interest litigation cases, the prosecutor, the chief prosecutor, and the procuratorial committee shall make decisions on case-handling matters within their respective powers and assume corresponding judicial responsibilities in accordance with regulations. Prosecutors work under the leadership of the Prosecutor General. Major case-handling matters shall be decided by the chief prosecutor. The chief prosecutor may submit the case to the procuratorial committee for discussion and decision based on the circumstances of the case. For other case-handling matters, the prosecutor-general may decide on his own initiative or authorize the prosecutor to decide. Legal documents issued in the name of the People's Procuratorate shall be issued by the chief prosecutor; if matters fall within the scope of the prosecutor's powers, the chief prosecutor may authorize the prosecutor to issue them.