Fran?ois Pierre Guillaume Guizot (Fran?ois Pierre Guillaume Guizot, October 4, 1787 - September 12, 1874), was a politician , he served as Prime Minister of France from 1847 to 1848, and was the 22nd Prime Minister of France. He was a conservative. During his term in office, he failed to pay attention to the sufferings of the people and advocated laissez-faire policies internally. Externally, he advocated the establishment of a Franco-Belgian Customs Union to counter the then-German Customs Union. However, these measures led to dissatisfaction at home and abroad. In the February Revolution of 1848, the July Monarchy of Louis Philippe was overthrown, and Guizot also fell.

Francois Pierre Guillaume Guizot (1787-1874) was a famous French politician and historian. He was born into a Christian family in Nimes. His father was a famous lawyer who died on the guillotine during the French Revolution. He went into exile in Switzerland with his mother, returned to Paris in 1805 to study law, and had contacts with anti-Napoleonic literary groups. In 1812, he became a professor of history at the University of Paris. In the same year, he married the female writer Pauline de Meulin. From then on, he met the leading figures of the royalist party and entered politics. He participated in the first Bourbon Restoration (1814) and became an advocate of constitutional monarchy. He was a member of the "Empty Theory" group and explained the group's political platform in his 1816 article "On the Representative System and the Current Situation of France." From 1820 to 1830, he was mainly engaged in historical research and teaching. He wrote: the modern history textbook "History of the Origin of European Representative System" (1822), "Introduction to French History" (1823), "Collection of Memories of the British Revolution" (1823), Books such as "History of the British Revolution during the Reigns of King Charles I and Charles II" (1827-1828), "History of European Civilization" (1828) and "History of French Civilization" (1829-1832). During the July Monarchy (1830-1848), he was one of the leaders of the constitutional monarchy and was quite influential in French political life. From 1832 to 1837, he served as Minister of Education and proposed the "Guizot Law", which established the principle that all citizens could receive primary education. After serving as ambassador to Britain (1840), he became foreign secretary, and his foreign policy was quite successful for the next eight years. In 1847, he became Prime Minister. The French Revolution of 1848 ended Guizot's political career.

Guizot was born in N?mes into a Protestant family. His father was a local lawyer who was guillotined as a federalist in April 1794. Later, Guizot went into exile in Switzerland with his mother, where he received a classical education under the influence of Calvinism. He formed a philosophical perspective that combined the rationalism of the Enlightenment with the severe ethics of Calvinism, and developed a diligent, serious and Stubborn character traits. It is said that when he left Switzerland at the age of 18, he was able to read Greek, Latin, German, Italian and English works.

In 1805, Guizot went to Paris and lived as a tutor in the home of Stapfer, the former Swiss minister to France. Originally he wanted to study law, but soon turned to literary criticism and historical writing. Some Parisian Protestants gave him the opportunity to attend literary salons and interact with opponents of the Napoleonic Empire. His first novel was published in "Reporters", through which he met Miss Pauline de Meulin (1773-1827), who was 14 years older than him. After that, the two often collaborated on manuscripts and got married in 1812. After Pauline's death in 1827, Guizot married her niece Elisa Dillon.