Ing+ Predicate verb+(other components)+Adjective subject of doing sth.
It is the basic structure of the accompanying adverbial.
Example:
His wife came into the house with a bundle of clothes.
His wife came into the house with a bag of clothes.
Raymond/Kloc-entered the university at the age of 0/8, and graduated at the top of his class four years later.
Raymond/Kloc-went to college at the age of 0/8 and graduated from the top four years later.
The difference between ing as an accompanying adverbial and an adverbial of result is that the accompanying adverbial refers to the accompanying situation or supplementary explanation, and the adverbial of result refers to the result brought by the action of the main sentence.
The simple difference is that one is? Supplementary explanation? One is? The final result? .
1, accompanying adverbial
The present participle can be used as an adverbial of manner or an adverbial of accompaniment, indicating a way of behavior, an accompanying situation or a supplementary explanation. It is another secondary action of the subject, which is equivalent to a coordinate structure guided by and.
She went into the house with many books in her hand.
She walked into the house with many books.
She came into the room with many books in her hand.
He lay on the grass and stared at the sky for a long time.
He lay on the grass and stared at the sky for a long time.
He lay on the grass and looked at the sky for a long time.
Tips: The condition of accompanying adverbial is that a subject sends out two actions or the same subject is in two places.
A state, or when the same subject makes an action, it is accompanied by a certain state.
2. Adverbial of result
The present participle represents the inevitable result of the main sentence action, which is equivalent to a coordinate predicate.
For example:
His father died and left him a lot of money.
His father died and left him a lot of money. His father died and left him a lot of money.
She was so angry that she threatened the toy on the ground and broke it into pieces. She was so angry that she broke it into pieces.
The verb ing is used as an adverbial to indicate the accompanying situation.
Gerund as adverbial indicates that another action is being carried out at the same time, which plays a role in modifying and setting off predicate verbs. Gerund as adverbial can express time, reason, condition, concession, result, way or accompanying situation.
For example, Mary sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book.
Mary is sitting by the window of the classroom, reading a book.