1. He was treacherous at a young age, and he was called "treacherous" by his admirers
In the first chapter of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", as soon as Cao Cao appeared, Luo Guanzhong, who is not a historian, based on folk anecdotes, Based on the story of "The Legend of Cao Aguo", Du created the image of a cunning young man and set the tone for Cao Cao.
The article writes that when Cao was young, he loved hunting, singing and dancing, being resourceful and resourceful. Cao had an uncle who was angry when he saw Cao wandering around and told Cao Song. Song blames Cao. Cao suddenly hatched a plan. When he saw his uncle coming, he fell to the ground as if he had a stroke. His uncle told Song in surprise, and Song looked at him anxiously. I'm fine. Song said: "My uncle said you had a stroke, have you recovered now?" Cao said: "My son has never had this disease. Because he fell out of love with his uncle, he turned a deaf ear." Song believed what he said. Later uncle said that he had done something wrong, but Song didn't listen. Therefore, fuck as much as you want.
However, "The Chronicles of Emperor Wu of Wei" only states that "Taizu was less alert and powerful, but he allowed his knights to be debauched and did not rule the industry, so it was unusual for people in the world;" and there is no random evidence. Similarly, there is no mention of "treacherous hero" in "The Chronicles of Emperor Wu of Wei". The things described are objective and fair. When describing Cao Cao as a young man who was not surprising and not favored by people at the time, it was mentioned that Qiao Xuan and He Yong appreciated him greatly. , "Only Liang Guoqiao Xuan and Nanyang He Yong are different. Xuan said to Taizu: "The world is about to be in chaos, and the talents of the world cannot save it. The one who can bring peace to peace belongs to you! "However, Luo Guanzhong added salt and vinegar to this basis and took it from "Shiyu". The book said that Xu Shao from Runan was known as a wise man. Cao Cao went to see him and asked, "How am I like a human being?" Shao didn't answer. He asked again, and Shao said, "You are a capable minister in governing the world, and you are a traitor in troubled times." "Cao Cao was overjoyed when he heard this. From then on, "Cao Cao, the traitor" has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
2. Suspected murder of Lu's family, don't ask others to betray me
In the fourth chapter of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" , Luo Guanzhong wrote that Cao Cao failed to assassinate Dong Zhuo by offering a knife, so he fled and went to his old friend Lu She. Lu She was originally Cao's father's sworn brother. Cao Cao came to stay for the night. Lu She's family warmly entertained him, sharpened his knife and slaughtered sheep, and Shibo went to the market. As a beggar for being captured by the imperial court, Cao Cao suspected that the other party wanted to harm him, so he killed Lu She's family. His method was cruel and outrageous. What was even more outrageous was that Cao Cao later found out that he had killed a good person by mistake. He did not let go of Shibo Lushe who went to the market to buy wine for him, and said a sentence that chilled the whole world, "I would rather teach the world to betray me than teach the world to betray me."
This anecdote. It was found in "Book of Wei" and was used by Luo Guanzhong. From then on, the people of the country had no reason not to hate Cao Cao. However, Chen Shou did not record his words in his "Book of Emperor Wu of Wei". He wrote about the escape: "Taizu Zhuo Biao was the commander of Xiaoqi. and planning. Taizu changed his name and traveled eastward. After leaving the customs and passing through Zhongmou, he was suspected by the chief of the pavilion, so he went to the county. Some people in the town secretly knew him and asked him to find out. "Comparing the two texts, there is a world of difference.
3. The banquet on the Bronze Bird Terrace shows the desire to usurp the Han Dynasty
Luo Guanzhong wrote about Cao Cao's banquet in Chapter 56 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" On Tongquetai, his long-planned intention to usurp the Han Dynasty was revealed to the world, and the image of Cao Cao, who was duplicitous and duplicitous, was vividly displayed on the page.
After ordering his ministers to offer poems in praise of his virtues, Cao Cao made a hypocritical "true confession." ": "The excellent works of all the masters are highly praised. The original is stupid, so be filial and honest. Later, when the world was in chaos---unexpectedly, the imperial court recruited an orphan to serve as a captain in the Dian Army, so he changed his mind and dedicated himself to defeating thieves for the country. After his death, the picture was inscribed on the tomb: "The tomb of Cao Hou, the general of the Han Dynasty who conquered the west." ', a lifetime of wishes is enough. I want to conquer Dong Zhuo and suppress the Yellow Turbans, eliminate Yuan Shu, defeat Lu Bu, destroy Yuan Shao, and conquer Liu Biao, thus bringing peace to the world. As a prime minister, people and ministers are extremely noble, so what hope can there be? If there is no single person in the country, I don’t know how many people are called emperors and how many people are called kings. Perhaps seeing Gu's power, one may make arrogant assumptions and suspect that Gu has different intentions. This is a big fallacy------"------ Later generations wrote a poem: "The Duke of Zhou was afraid of the day of rumors, and when Wang Mang was humble and respectful to his subordinates: What if that year If you die, who knows the truth of your life! "Luo Guanzhong relied on the poems of later generations to express his own opinions, but he was really killing people with swords and pens!
However, "The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms: The Chronicles of Emperor Wu of Wei" records the incident like this - in the spring of the 15th year, an order was issued: "Since ancient times, there have been no kings who have been appointed to rejuvenate the world, and there are no wise men and gentlemen who can rule the world with them!" Even if he finds a wise person, he has never left the alley. How lucky is he to meet him? Those above me don’t ask for an ear. Today's world has not yet been decided, and this is the time when we are in urgent need of talents. "Meng Gongchuo is an excellent minister if he is an elder of Zhao or Wei, but he cannot be a doctor of Teng or Xue." If only honest men can be used later, how can Qi Huanqi dominate the world? Is there anyone who catches the brown jade in Weibin today? How can there be no robber sister-in-law who receives money without encountering an ignorant person? The second and third sons, their assistants, are plain and humble, but only their talents can be used, so I can use them. "In winter, build the Bronze Bird Terrace.
It can be seen from this that Cao used the Bronze Bird Terrace in order to attract all the heroes and talents from all over the world to help him achieve hegemony. Cao Cao once wrote poems and chanted his ambitions on the Tongque Terrace. , "The Duke of Zhou spits out help, and the world returns to his heart." Seeing that he is thirsty for talents; "The old man is in trouble, and his ambition is thousands of miles; the martyr is in his old age, and his ambition is endless" shows his ambition.
As for Cao Cao's desire to usurp the Han Dynasty. , This is a big fallacy! Just as Cao Cao said, "If there is no one in the country, I don't know how many people are called emperors and how many people are called kings." "At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, many heroes emerged. At first, Yuan Shao wanted to proclaim himself emperor, but Cao Cao looked down upon him. Among them, there was Sun Ce who was greedy for obtaining the royal seal, which led to his death. Later, Yuan Shu proclaimed himself emperor, but was annihilated by Cao Cao. In the end, Cao Cao's life was not complete. Seeing that Emperor Liu was the first to proclaim himself emperor, it is self-evident who is a Han official and who is a Han traitor.
Building platforms to recruit talents has been a tradition since ancient times.
This is not the only thing that has caused scholars all over the world to misunderstand. A Tang Dynasty poem "The east wind does not agree with Zhou Lang, and the bronze bird spring is locked in two Qiao", which makes people think that the bronze bird tower was built by Cao Cao for his own enjoyment, and the bronze bird tower is stored all over the world. Beauty, actually not so. The author learned from "Three Kingdoms: Biography of Concubines" that Cao Cao had only 12 wives and concubines. It is not difficult to understand this. As a man of great talent and great strategy, Cao Cao’s intentions were never about sensuality; if so, he would not be Cao Cao!
4. The small-minded are jealous of the virtuous, and those who are not tolerated will be eliminated
Regarding Cao Cao’s narrow-mindedness and jealousy of the virtuous, there is a classic saying in Chapter 72 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms": The story of "Weak Ribs" - Cao Cao killed Yang Xiu in anger for confusing the morale of the army.
After Cao had been stationing troops for a long time, he wanted to advance, but was refused by Ma Chao. He wanted to withdraw his troops, but was afraid of being humiliated by the Shu soldiers, so he hesitated. Chicken soup is suitable for chefs. Cao Cao saw that there were chicken ribs in the bowl, so he felt emotional. While he was meditating, Xiahou Dun entered the account and asked for the night slogan. Cao Cao said casually: "Weak ribs! Chicken ribs!" Dun sent the order to all the officials and called them "tasteless ribs". Yang Xiu, the chief of the marching army, saw the word "tasteless" in the pass, so he told the accompanying sergeants to pack their bags and prepare to return - so they also packed their bags. So all the generals in the stronghold were ready to return. That night, Cao Cao was upset and couldn't sleep well, so he picked up a steel ax and walked around the stronghold privately. I saw the sergeants in Xiahoudun stronghold, each preparing to pack. Cao was shocked and hurried back to his tent to summon Dun to ask why. Dun said: "Master Yang De's ancestors knew the king's intention to return." Cao called Yang Xiu and asked him, but Xiu responded with a tasteless intention. Cao said angrily: "How dare you make remarks that disturb the morale of our army!" He pushed out his sword and ax to kill him, and ordered his head outside the camp gate. It turns out that Yang Xiu relied on his talent and was open-minded, and violated Cao Cao's taboos several times.
This material by Luo Guanzhong is taken from the book "Jiuzhou Spring and Autumn". The original text is very simple: The king of the time wanted to return, and he issued an order saying "chicken ribs", but the officials did not know what they meant. Yang Xiu, the chief secretary, then put on a tight disguise. People were surprised and asked Xiu: "How do you know this?" Xiu said: "It's a pity to throw away chicken ribs. You can't get anything from eating them. To compare with Hanzhong, you know that the king wants to return it." But the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms did not There is only one sentence to remember it: "Be prepared to refuse to defend due to danger."
Although Cao Cao killed Yang Xiu, he did not kill Yang Xiu out of jealousy, but because Yang Xiu participated in the fight for the crown prince and taught Cao Zhi strategies to please his father Cao Cao. He was later discovered. , In addition, Yang Xiu was Yuan Shao's nephew. In order to eliminate dissidents, "so he punished Xiu for crimes." (For details, see "The Biography of King Chenliu Cao Zhi")
On the contrary, in Chen Shou's "Three Kingdoms: The Chronicles of Emperor Wu of Wei", Cao Cao's magnanimity and painstaking efforts in seeking talents are expressed in many places. Bo Yun's loyalty. It's touching and remarkable.
For example, Lu Bu attacked Liu Bei and captured Pi. Be prepared to run. Cheng Yu said to the Duke: "I see that Liu Bei is so talented that he has won the hearts of others, but in the end he will not be subordinated to others, so it is better to take advantage of him early." The Duke said: "Now that we are recruiting heroes, we cannot kill one person and lose the hearts of the world. "
Another example, Cao Cao attacked Zhang Xiu, and Zhang Xiu first surrendered and then rebelled. "The Duke (Cao Cao) fought, but the army was defeated and fell into the trap of a stray arrow. His eldest son Ang and his disciple An Min were killed." Later, "Zhang Xiu. He surrendered and was granted the title of Marquis. "Cao Cao faced Zhang Xiu who had surrendered and surrendered again, and was an enemy who had killed his nephew. After recapturing Zhang Xiu, he ignored the previous suspicion and made him his subordinate. Hou, let me ask you, how many people in the world can have such a large number!
Such examples can be seen everywhere in "The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms: The Chronicles of Emperor Wu of Wei", and there are too many to mention.
5. Setting up a tomb of suspicion after the death order, all the traitors and heroes
Luo Guanzhong described the situation when Cao Cao was dying in Chapter 78 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". He wrote——
He also ordered that seventy-two tombs be set up outside Jiangwu City in Zhangde Prefecture: "Don't let future generations know where I am buried, for fear of being discovered by others." After the instruction, He sighed and burst into tears. After a moment, he lost his breath and died. Lives to sixty-six years.
However, the description in "Three Kingdoms" is different from this -
King Gengzi died in Luoyang at the age of sixty-six. The posthumous order said: "The world has not yet been settled, and we have not followed the ancient times. After the burial, all the soldiers will be removed from their uniforms. Those who led the troops and garrisoned them will not be allowed to leave the garrison. There are divisions and leaders who are responsible for their duties. They should keep their uniforms for the time being and hide no gold or jade treasures." "His posthumous title is King Wu. On Ding Mao in the second month, he was buried in Gaoling.
This passage makes future generations sigh.
Cao Cao put state affairs first and opposed lavish burials. The world can learn from his boxing spirit!