The Battle of the Marne River took place in September of 19 14. This was an important battle between the British and French allied forces and the German army in the Marne River area at the beginning of the First World War, which had a considerable impact on the subsequent war process.
1965438+In August, 2004, after the Germans quickly broke through the border defense of the British and French allied forces on the western front, they pursued them with victory in an attempt to make a quick decision. In order to get rid of the pursuit of the Germans, the 4th and 5th armies of the French army and the British Expeditionary Force withdrew to the south of the Marne River on September 4th, and deployed in Paris to Verdun. General Fei Xia, chief of staff of the French Army, is determined to strengthen the defense forces of the Parisian left wing with the newly formed 6th and 9th army groups to prepare for the counterattack. In the process of pursuing the French Fifth Army, the German army 1 and the Second Army deviated from the original attack direction and went out to the east of Paris, threatening their right wing. After learning that the French army was about to counterattack, Mocky, the German chief of staff, decided to turn to the defense east of Paris with two right-wing army groups (1 and 2 army groups), and continue to attack south with three army groups (3, 4 and 5 army groups) to cooperate with the 6 army groups attacking from the east to surround the French army south of Verdun. At this time, on the line from Paris to Verdun, the 66 divisions10.082 million troops of the British and French allied forces were obviously superior to the 900,000 troops of the German army's 5 1 division. On September 5 ~ 12, the British and French allied forces launched an all-round counterattack with six army groups (the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 9th army of the French army and the British Expeditionary Force). The counterattack was mainly aimed at the German right wing. In the main attack direction, Britain and France used four army groups against two army groups in Germany, with twice the strength of Germany. After the general attack, the French 6th Army launched an attack on the right and rear of the German 1 Army. The Germans were forced to withdraw two armies from the front to fight back, and all retreated to the north bank of the Marne River on the 8th. As a result, there was a 50-kilometer-wide defensive gap between the German army 1 and the Second Army. On the 6th, the 5th Army of the French Army and the British Expeditionary Force took the opportunity to insert this gap, and on the 8th, they approached the river Marne. This not only surrounded the German army 1, but also threatened the right wing of the German Army 2. In order to avoid falling into panic, the German 1 and 2 armies began to retreat in panic on the 9th. At this time, although the Germans had a slight advantage in other aspects, in view of the dangerous situation faced by 1 and the 2nd Army, Mao Qi had to order the Germans to stop attacking on all fronts on 10 and retreat to Nojan-Verdun. The battle ended in Germany's defeat.
In this highly mobile battle, the German army suffered about 300,000 casualties and the French army 250,000 casualties. After this war, the British and French allied forces advanced 60 kilometers on the 200-kilometer front, which stopped the German army from advancing to Paris and forced it to retreat to the Aina River. At this moment. The German plan for a quick victory went bankrupt, and the western front became a protracted positional war.