The core idea of Martin Luther is: "Justification by faith, salvation by faith". Luther pointed out that the salvation of the soul depends not on the church, nor on the priest, nor on the atonement voucher, but on one's own devout faith. In the late Middle Ages, the Catholic Church became more and more corrupt and autocratic. In order to maintain their absolute rule, they firmly control the right to interpret the Bible in their own hands, and even prohibit laymen from reading the Bible without the guidance of clergy. The church was not a sacred place to persuade people to do good and save souls, but actually became a professional organization to spread the gospel, explain the Bible and "save" mankind.
Therefore, Luther also proposed that everyone has the right to read and understand the Bible, and everyone can communicate directly with God and have a direct dialogue with God. That is, everyone can have an independent understanding of the Bible, and then Luther pointed out that "believers are priests", thus directly denying the privileged position of the Pope and the church.
Luther also advocated the establishment of cheap churches, the abolition of cumbersome religious ceremonies and festivals, and the simplification of religious ceremonies. In addition, another important view of Luther is the relationship between kingship and church power. He believed that the royal power was higher than the power of the church, and advocated the establishment of national churches, that is to say, the churches in Germany should be managed by the Germans themselves, and religious meetings should also be presided over by secular governments.
Originally, the church should not be a political organization, but a religious social group. However, the Catholic Church in the Middle Ages has been seeking the sovereignty of the whole of Europe, preaching that the power of the king comes from the church. Therefore, Luther's view that kingship is higher than religious power has promoted the awakening of modern national consciousness to some extent, and the nation-state has grown rapidly.
To sum up, Luther's thought of "being justified by faith and being saved by faith", that everyone has the right to read the Bible, that everyone can talk to God directly, that kingship is above religious power, that is, above secular power, nation-state, and so on, had a great response in Germany and Europe at that time, which made the Pope, the church and the clergy walk off the altar and played a great role in getting Christians out of the control of the Catholic Church. As an ideological emancipation movement between the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, Martin.