The task of frontline firefighters is getting heavier and heavier, and the pressure is gradually increasing. In addition to their own family and social pressures, they are also faced with the cruel problems of fighting death, injury, fire and demons. If we don't pay attention to it, it will inevitably lead to mental illness. Therefore, fire forces at all levels should take active measures to avoid or eliminate psychological pressure, crisis or obstacles caused by psychological pressure, improve the physical and mental health level of frontline firefighters, and prevent mental illness and physical and mental illness.
Common psychological problems and their harm
The particularity of fire-fighting profession easily leads to mental health problems such as psychological imbalance, emotional disorder and personality disorder of firefighters. In order to better understand the mental health status of fire officers and soldiers, we organized specialized personnel to go deep into grass-roots squadrons and take the form of discussion and questionnaire survey to clearly understand and master the mental health status of front-line fire officers and soldiers. The specific performance is as follows:
Anxiety: Faced with the tense work, training, study and living environment in grass-roots units, some firefighters lack self-control and their judgment declines, which leads to anxiety about the environment, and they are particularly prone to excitement, irritability, fatigue and exhaustion.
Lost Psychology: The roles and tasks of firefighters are constantly changing. When it is found that the ideal fire fighting and disaster relief conflicts with the actual situation of sticking to one's post and silently contributing, there will be inconsistent cognitive conflicts, and people will be worried all day long, resulting in a sense of loss.
Depression: When firefighters are faced with problems such as strict management, interpersonal relationship and training results, their inner self-confidence and self-improvement consciousness gradually weaken, resulting in emotional obstacles such as depression, depression, weird words and deeds and self-blame. Long-term self-denial will lead to depression.
Inferiority: Due to the different living and growing environments, some firefighters will feel uncomfortable such as depression, self-distrust, timidity and pessimism, which may lead to signs of inferiority.
Common causes of psychological problems
Analysis of the causes of firefighters' psychological problems can be summarized as follows:
Physical and mental overload: Some firemen are pessimistic and disappointed in life when their wishes such as applying for military schools, selecting non-commissioned officers, learning skills, marriage and joining the party for meritorious service cannot be realized for a long time and their normal needs cannot be met. Some firemen have opinions on some things, but they keep them in their hearts for a long time, which makes their ideological burden heavier and heavier.
Excessive task pressure: Firefighters will have different degrees of psychological tension or fear when faced with heavy work and various extreme environments such as high temperature, high altitude, darkness and noise. Coupled with strict military discipline and hard training, the pressure of firefighters can not be alleviated, and they are prone to anxiety, depression, impatience and other emotions, and serious psychological problems will occur.
Improper discipline methods: The simple management methods of individual army managers seriously hurt the personality and self-esteem of firefighters, which led to some firefighters' inferiority complex, depression and self-abandonment, and led to psychological problems of firefighters.
Improper relaxation: Many firefighters are nervous for a long time, but they are not good at leisure adjustment. Their excessive entertainment in their leisure time has disrupted their work and rest, which has also become a cause of psychological abnormality.
In addition, the only child, personality characteristics, social environment and other factors will have an impact on the psychology of firefighters.
Preventive measures and countermeasures of psychological problems
Fire forces should do a good job in mental health, make every effort to build a good mental health environment, prevent and reduce the occurrence of mental diseases of firefighters, and lay a solid foundation for improving the combat effectiveness and cohesion of the troops.
Popularize mental health education: set up psychological consultation service institutions, establish a three-level network model of detachment, brigade and squadron psychological work, equip full-time psychological counselors, set up psychological consultation rooms, psychological examination rooms, psychological consultation treatment rooms and psychological catharsis, open psychological mailboxes, online mailboxes and psychological hotlines, and conduct psychological evaluation and psychological expansion training for firefighters every year. Fully integrate the resources of military and local psychologists, hold regular or timely lectures on mental health knowledge, and constantly popularize the basic knowledge of mental health. Conduct a general survey of firefighters' mental health regularly, record the personality characteristics and psychological quality of each firefighter in detail, and enhance the early warning function of team management.
Carry out psychological counseling and intervention services for firefighters: establish a "trinity" mental health work system for firefighters, including psychological training, counseling services and crisis intervention. For firefighters with general or few psychological obstacles and problems, group counseling and individual counseling are adopted respectively to let firefighters know what their difficulties are. For firefighters with mental illness, while doing psychological counseling and counseling, they should be transferred to the hospital for psychological treatment in time to prevent various problems due to mental health reasons.
Establish and improve the psychological work system: establish a psychological consultation service system to actively provide psychological services for the psychological imbalance caused by various setbacks encountered by firefighters in their work and life. Establish a major stress counseling service system, and require firefighters to make psychological counseling calls or interview with psychologists within 48 hours for behaviors that lead to serious psychological stress due to unexpected events and major life changes. Establish a special operation system for mentally ill firefighters. For high-risk firefighters with mental disorders, especially mental illness, they are not allowed to participate in special operations that are incompatible with their psychological quality. Establish a confidentiality system for firefighters' mental health files, and strictly keep confidential the contents of psychological test consultation and the mental health files of officers and men. Establish a normal vacation system for firefighters, organize and consciously carry out recreational activities, guide firefighters to express and vent when they encounter negative emotions, and make firefighters feel happy and relaxed.