The modern Olympic Games produced various mascots with different shapes. Every mascot is unique. They all have vibrant personalities and embody the Olympic ideal of friendship and fair competition. Mascots first played an important role in the Olympic Games in 1972 Munich Olympic Games. In the Olympic Games in recent years, the role of mascots has been strengthened. Mascots personify the value of the Olympic Games, endow it with practical shapes, and make it widely accepted by children, which is unmatched by other images in today's Olympic identification projects.

1972 Valdi Valdi, Mascot of Munich Summer Olympic Games, Germany

Amik, the mascot of Montreal 1976 Summer Olympic Games.

Misa, 1980 Mascot of Moscow Summer Olympics.

Sam, the mascot of Los Angeles 1984 Summer Olympic Games.

Seoul, Korea 1988 Hodori, the mascot of the Summer Olympic Games

Barcelona, Spain 1992 Summer Olympic Games mascot Kobe Bryant

Atlanta, USA 1996 Summer Olympic Games Mascot Issy

Sydney, Ollie and Millie are the mascots of the 2000 Summer Olympic Games in Sydney, Australia.

The mascots of the 2004 Summer Olympic Games in Athens, Greece are Athena and Fevos.

= = = Torch of previous Olympic Games = = =

1The torch relay of the modern Olympic Games was carried out for the first time at the1/kloc-0 Summer Olympic Games held in Berlin in 1936. Since then, successive successful Olympic Games have created their own unique torch, colorful transmission methods and ingenious ignition ceremony. The Olympic torch, which represents light, unity, friendship, peace and justice, has become an important symbol of the Olympic movement. & gt& gt& gt& gt Click on the details.

The 28th Summer Olympic Games (2004)

27th Summer Olympic Games (2000)

26th Summer Olympic Games (1996)

25th Summer Olympic Games (1992)

The 24th Summer Olympic Games (1988)

23rd Summer Olympic Games (1984)

22nd Summer Olympic Games (1980)

The 2nd1Summer Olympic Games (1976)

Twentieth Summer Olympic Games (1972)

The 9th Summer Olympic Games/KLOC-0 (1968)

The 18th Summer Olympic Games (1964)

The 17th Summer Olympic Games (1960)

Wonderful moments of torch relay and ignition ceremony in previous Olympic Games [photo]

The 16th Summer Olympic Games (1956)

The 15th Summer Olympic Games (1952)

14th Summer Olympic Games (1948)

The 11th Summer Olympic Games (1936)

Introduction of Torch Design in Previous Summer Olympic Games

Emblems of previous Olympic Games

The Olympic emblem is five rings with different colors, which is a symbol of the Olympic movement. It was conceived and designed by Baron Coubertin of France, and was approved for use at the 6th International Olympic Congress held in Paris in June 19 14. According to the Olympic Charter, the meaning of the five rings symbolizes the unity of the five continents and the gathering of athletes from all over the world in the Olympic Games with fair and frank competition and friendly spirit. & gt& gt& gt& gt Click on the details.

From left to right: top row: 1896 1 Athens Olympic Games; The 2nd Paris Olympic Games1900; 1904 the 3rd st Louis Olympic Games; The 4th London Olympic Games1908; 19 12 The 5th Stockholm Olympic Games in Sweden; Middle platoon: The 7th Olympic Games in Antwerp, Belgium1920; The 8th Paris Olympic Games1924; 1928 9th Amsterdam Olympic Games; Bottom row: 1932 10 Los Angeles Olympic Games; 1936 1 1 Berlin Olympic Games; 1948 London Olympic Games; 1952 15 Helsinki Olympic Games, Finland.

From left to right: Top row: 1956 16 Melbourne Olympic Games; 1956 Sweden 16 Stockholm Olympic Games (only equestrian events have been held in this city, which is the only time in the history of the Olympic Games); 1960 17 Rome Olympic Games; 1964 18 Tokyo Olympic Games; Bottom row: 1968 Mexico City 19 Olympic Games. Xinhua News Agency

From left to right: top row: 1972 20th German Federal Olympic Games and Munich Olympic Games in China; 1976 2 1 Montreal Olympic Games; 1980 22nd Moscow Olympic Games; Chinese platoon: 1984 23rd Olympic Games in Los Angeles; 1988 24th Seoul Olympic Games; 1992 25th Olympic Games in Barcelona, Spain; Bottom row: 1996 26th Olympic Games in Atlanta, USA; The 27th Olympic Games in Sydney, Australia in 2000; The 28th Olympic Games held in Athens, Greece in 2004.

The picture shows the emblem of the 20 12 London Olympic Games. The emblem consists of geometric figures representing four Arabic numerals 20 12, in which the geometric figure representing 2 in the upper left corner is marked with the word "London" and the geometric figure representing 0 in the upper right corner is marked with the symbol of "Olympic rings".

Sebastian coe, president of the London Olympic Organizing Committee, said that the emblem symbolizes "vitality, modernity and flexibility, and reflects a brand-new and colorful world, in which people, especially young people, are no longer static, but armed with new technologies and new media networks."

29th Beijing Olympic Games = = = =

Slogan: "One World, One Dream"

It embodies the essence and universal values of the Olympic spirit-unity, friendship, progress, harmony, participation and dreams, and expresses the common desire of the whole world to pursue a better future for mankind under the inspiration of the Olympic spirit.

It profoundly reflects the core concept of the Beijing Olympic Games, and embodies the harmonious values contained in the People's Olympics as the core and soul of the three concepts of "Green Olympics, Hi-tech Olympics and People's Olympics".

The writing is concise and profound, which belongs to both China and the world. & gt& gt& gt& gt Click on the details.

Rogge s evaluation on the theme slogan of Beijing Olympic Games;

"The Olympic Games has a unique attraction in promoting peace and understanding through sports. BOCOG's theme slogan for the 2008 Olympic Games captures the essence of the Olympic spirit, and the International Olympic Committee is happy about it. & gt& gt& gt& gt Click on the details.

Emblem: "Chinese Seal Dancing Beijing"

She seems to be printed, like "Beijing" instead of "Beijing", chic and elegant, full of tension, meaning dancing Beijing; She is a symbol of Han culture in China, with China spirit, China style and Chinese charm, symbolizing the open, energetic and hopeful image of China. She embodies the concept of New Beijing and Great Olympics and the connotation of Green Olympics, High-tech Olympics and People's Olympics, and reproduces the Olympic friendship spirit of peace, progress, faster, higher and stronger. China Seal-This is1300 million China people's commitment to the whole world. With this seal, it means that we once again solemnly promise to the world with the most solemn and sacred etiquette in China to make the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games the best in history, which is the integrity and dignity of the people of China. From this moment on, dancing Beijing opens its arms and presents an open posture; From this moment on, dancing Beijing welcomes friends from all over the world with open arms; From this moment on, dancing Beijing opens its arms and dances with the world. & gt& gt& gt& gt Click on the details.

As a whole, the emblem consists of three parts: the printing part-China seal (1); The words "Beijing 2008" (middle); Olympic rings (part two). On the lower left is the seal and signature of IOC President jacques rogge.

Three concepts

Green Olympics-

Organize the Olympic Games with the concept of sustainable development to protect the environment, resources and ecological balance, carry out extensive publicity and education activities on environmental protection, promote the construction of environmental protection infrastructure and the improvement of the ecological environment in Beijing and China, and advocate a green and healthy lifestyle and consumption pattern.

Hi-tech Olympics-

Closely combine the latest progress of science and technology at home and abroad, integrate the achievements of national scientific and technological innovation, and hold a high-tech sports event; Improve Beijing's scientific and technological innovation ability, promote the industrialization of high-tech achievements and their wide application in people's lives, and make the Beijing Olympic Games a window to show new scientific and technological achievements and innovative strength.

People's Olympics-

Spread the modern Olympic concept, show the splendid culture of the Chinese nation, show the style of Beijing's famous historical and cultural city and the good spirit of its citizens, promote cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, and deepen the understanding and friendship between people of all countries; Promote the harmonious development of man and nature, individual and society, and human spirit and body; Highlight the concept of "people-oriented", focus on athletes, provide quality services, and strive to create a natural and humanistic environment that will satisfy Olympic participants.

The National Stadium "Bird's Nest" of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games under construction (data photo)

On September 29th, 2004, "Blue Space-2004 Olympic Games and Ecological Civilization Sculpture Exhibition" was held in the green space around Beijing Aquarium. The picture shows a child imitating the sculpture "Village Children Catch Crabs". (Profile photo) Xinhua News Agency (photo by Shi Chunyang)

= = = Experts interpret the Olympic spirit = = =

[Ge Hongchen, Professor of China Renmin University] The Olympic spirit reflects the development of human civilization and the pursuit of truth, goodness and beauty. At the beginning of the modern Olympic Games, there was such a beautiful wish, that is, to eliminate human oppression, estrangement and war through the spiritual concept advocated by the Olympics and strive to create a harmonious and peaceful world. A century has passed, and the Olympic spirit has become a symbol of human pursuit of self-improvement, justice, tolerance and peace. We can interpret the Olympic spirit from three levels.

First, the spirit of self-improvement is faster, higher and stronger. The Olympic Games is not only for sports competitions, but its real intention is to promote the concept of healthy body and noble conduct.

The second is the ethical concept of fair and just competition. In the Olympic Games, people expect to build an equal world without any discrimination and oppression, emphasize fair competition for all people under equal conditions, and seek to cultivate a fair competition and harmonious world order through Olympic rules.

The third is the value principle of friendship and peace. This value principle expresses mankind's pursuit of staying away from war and establishing a harmonious and peaceful world order. Coubertin believed that the Olympic spirit should be completely independent of various international interests and not affected by any political, economic and other social factors.

It can be said that the purpose of the Olympic Movement embodies human's concern for the world order and the pursuit of truth, goodness and beauty. The Olympic Movement is the best school for people all over the world to practice their beautiful ideals, spread their will for peace and learn to apply the concepts of truth, goodness and beauty through sports events. It sets an example of fairness, tolerance, peace and friendship for all nations and countries in the world. It is expected that through the Olympic Games, people will appreciate and practice the human concept of truth, goodness and beauty, spread the flame of peace to every corner of the world, turn it into the inner belief of generations, and finally spread the values based on the principles of self-improvement, justice and peace to other fields of the world.

The Olympic spirit was put forward by Coubertin. The purpose of the Olympic spirit is to promote people's spiritual development, so as to cultivate people with all-round development. Its original intention is to educate people, forge people's character, cultivate people's morality and develop the ideal of the ancient Greeks-"beauty and health". It hopes to build a society without any discrimination, cultivate sincere ideals, cooperation and friendship between people, and recognize the honor of fair competition under equal conditions.

Coubertin believed that the Olympic spirit was a kind of

An international system, it is completely independent. Therefore, from the beginning, he did not allow any other factors from politics, economy or society to interfere with it. Therefore, he created an independent International Olympic Committee to ensure the realization of Olympic ideals and principles.

The Olympic movement is the main activity form of the Olympic spirit. It is open to all social strata, including all sports and competitive events, regardless of gender, age and level of sports. The purpose of the Olympic movement is participation, which is also the purpose of the Olympic spirit.

All sports activities are an integral part of the Olympic Movement. The Olympic movement is open to the public. Its goal is not to let a few people win gold medals, but to provide opportunities for all people, so that people of different ages and sexes can participate in physical exercise. Its slogan is "sports for all".

The Olympic Games is another highest activity form of the Olympic spirit. Among the hundreds of millions of people who take part in sports, only a few excellent people can take part in the Olympic Games. However, like the Olympic Movement, it is a school that studies and practices the Olympic spirit.

The Olympic Movement and the Olympic Games ensure the popularization and realization of the Olympic spirit, so they are an organic whole and inseparable.

Sports Arbitration Institute Source: China Net Time: 2007-3-1513: 45:19 Editor: Gao Yongjian.

1983, during the International Olympic Congress held in baden-baden, President Samaranch proposed the establishment of an international sports arbitration institution. This is because he has foreseen that there will be more and more disputes in sports. After that, the working group headed by IOC member Mbai began preparations. 1June, 984, the Sports Arbitration Institute (CAS) was formally established. As of September, the court has accepted a total of cases 1993. The handling methods of these cases can be roughly divided into the following categories: 1. Reconciliation.

Ordinary dispute cases; 2. According to the articles of association of sports organizations, solve the cases appealed to the court; 3. Mediation of disputes between social sports groups; 4. Issue legal opinions according to the requirements of the International Olympic Committee; 5. Mediation of general disputes within the scope of sports. According to the then Regulations of the Court of Arbitration for Sports, the Court of Arbitration for Sports is an independent institution, but the president of the court should be appointed by the President of the International Olympic Committee from among the members of the court, who must also be a member of the International Olympic Committee. The court consists of 60 members, and all expenses are borne by the IOC. Obviously, the sports arbitration court is affiliated to the International Olympic Committee both organizationally and economically.

After the 1990s, with the deepening of sports commercialization, there are more and more types and quantities of disputes in the field of sports, and there are also some conflicts of interest between the IOC and other sports organizations. In this case, if the Sports Arbitration Institute wants to establish its authority in the international sports field, it must try its best to get rid of its dependence on the International Olympic Committee and truly become an independent international sports arbitration institution. During the period of 1994, international sports organizations such as the International Olympic Committee plan to reform the arbitration court, and the specific measure is to set up the International Sports Arbitration Council above the court. The Council is composed of celebrities and sports people. Its task is to ensure the independence of the sports arbitration court and the rights of all parties, and is responsible for the administrative and financial supervision of the sports arbitration court. In addition, the constitution of the International Olympic Committee has also been revised, reducing the number of people appointed by the International Olympic Committee and increasing the number appointed by organizations such as the Athletes' Committee, making this organization more representative. Financially, the court also began to accept social sponsorship, rather than relying solely on the International Olympic Committee. These changes have effectively strengthened the independence of this sports arbitration institution and made it possible for it to establish its own authority in the international sports arena.

The Court of Arbitration for Sports has indeed made a lot of efforts to achieve this goal. At the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games and 1998 Nagano Winter Olympics, the court successfully handled the Blauman Tan case and the Ross case, overturned the punishment decision of the IOC Medical Committee in handling these two cases, and safeguarded the rights and interests of athletes. These two cases are the representative works of the sports arbitration court. Today, the sports arbitration court enjoys a good reputation. When there are disputes over doping and other issues, athletes belonging to different federations are used to resorting to international arbitration courts.