1. Historical development: Since the Han Dynasty, Zhang has become the most popular surname, which has a very important position in history. There are many talented people here, and many famous politicians, militarists, writers and artists in history are all from Zhang's hands. For example, Zhang Jiuling, prime minister of Tang Dynasty, writer of Song Dynasty and painter of Ming Dynasty are all outstanding representatives of Zhang.

2. Geographical distribution: Zhang is distributed all over the country, but mainly in Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Hubei, Sichuan and other regions. Overseas, there are also many Chinese surnamed Zhang in Southeast Asia.

3. Cultural characteristics: Zhang culture has rich connotations and characteristics. Zhang emphasized traditional virtues such as filial piety, loyalty and courtesy, which were fully reflected in the historical figures in his works. There are many legends and stories in Zhang culture, such as the broken Dangyang Bridge of your apprentice and Zhang Fei. These stories reflect the wisdom and courage of Zhang people.

Characteristics of traditional Chinese characters:

1. Complex glyphs: The glyphs of traditional Chinese characters are usually more complicated than those of simplified Chinese characters, with many strokes and large structure. Some traditional Chinese characters are composed of multiple parts, such as postal characters, which are composed of horse, city and inch to express the meaning of ancient post stations. This complex glyph makes traditional Chinese characters have a strong artistic sense visually.

2. Preserve the features of ancient Chinese characters: Traditional Chinese characters retain the features of ancient Chinese characters, including the shapes and structures of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscriptions and Xiao Zhuan. The characteristics of these ancient characters make traditional Chinese characters have high historical and cultural value, and also make Chinese characters a unique cultural symbol.

3. Rich cultural connotations: Traditional Chinese characters have rich cultural connotations, and each word has its own unique meaning and historical background. For example, the word dragon retains the image of the ancient dragon in traditional Chinese characters and expresses the Chinese nation's worship and respect for the dragon. In traditional Chinese characters, the word "Fu" consists of water and bravery, which expresses the meaning of praying for peace and happiness.

4. Reading difficulties: Due to the complexity and historical and cultural background of traditional Chinese characters, it is difficult for modern people to read and understand them. In particular, some ancient proprietary traditional Chinese characters, such as Wei and Yu, need to be learned to master.