19 15 1 On behalf of the Japanese government, the Japanese Minister to China put forward the "Article 21" requirements for the destruction of China to Yuan Shikai's government. On March 7th, Shanghai people's assembly opposed Article 2 1. Yuan Shikai applied for banning Japanese goods. In May, the Japanese government issued an ultimatum to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Beijing government, demanding that it fully comply with Article 2 1 within 48 hours. Otherwise, the Yuan government officially recognized Article 2 1 on the 9th. In August, Goodnow, Yuan Shikai's constitutional adviser and an American politician, published Harmony with Jun, advocating monarchy. On June 5438+04, Yang Du, Yan Fu and other six people issued a declaration on organizing the preparatory meeting. In September, Youth magazine, edited by Chen Duxiu, was founded in Shanghai. 165438+ 10 In October, China and Russia signed the Hulunbeier Agreement, and Russia forcibly designated a part of Heilongjiang Province in China as a special zone and implemented autonomy. Cai E left Beijing secretly in August. In 65438+February, Yuan Shikai officially ascended the throne and changed his name to the Chinese Empire. Take next year as the first year of Hongxian. At the end of the month, Cai E and Tang electrified the provinces to declare Yunnan independence, organized the National Defence Force to crusade against Yuan Shikai, and the national defense movement began.
19 16 1 The National Defence Force was sworn in in Kunming and issued a petition for Yuan Haowen. Count Yuan Shikai's 19 counts. Yuan Shikai sent Cao Kun to suppress Du Shi. Guizhou declared independence at the end of the month. In February, the China Revolutionary Party revolted in Wuchang and failed. In March, Lu Rongting and Liang Qichao declared independence in Guangxi, and sponsored * * * and. On the 22nd, Yuan Shikai announced the abolition of the imperial system, and he was still called the great president. Guangdong declared independence in April. 12 Zhejiang declared independence. 2 1, Yuan announced the restoration of cabinet system. In May, Shandong declared independence, and on the 22nd, Shaanxi declared independence. On the 29th, Hunan declared its independence. Yuan Shikai died in June. On the 7th, he succeeded Li as acting president. On the 29th, he announced the restoration of the interim constitution, and Duan became the Prime Minister. 10 Huang Xing died in Shanghai. 1 1 Cai E died of throat disease in Japan. In 65438+February, Cai Yuanpei was appointed President of the National Peking University. At that time, the Anglo-American Christian Church established the yenching university, and American missionary Si Tuleideng was appointed as the principal on 19 19.
1 917 65438+1October1,Hu Shi published "Improvement of Literature" in New Youth. On the 9th, Zhang Xun, the Anhui warlord, held the third Xuzhou meeting and made five resolutions to attack Li He's support section. In March this year, the Beijing government announced that it had broken diplomatic relations with Germany. In July, Zhang Xun supported the restoration of the deposed emperor Puyi in Beijing. Li took refuge in the Japanese embassy, and the provinces electrified against the restoration. Duan organized the rebels to take an oath at Tianjin Racecourse. 12 June, the rebels entered Beijing, and Zhang Xun fled to the Dutch embassy. The restoration history was shattered on the 12th. Li left his post with electricity. In August, he officially became President Feng. /kloc-in June of 0/4, Duan declared war on Germany and Austria. In September, the Extraordinary Congress elected Sun Yat-sen as the Marshal of the Government of the Republic of China. He also announced the establishment of a military government, restored the "provisional constitution", and called for supporting the National Assembly, which was called "the movement to protect the people" in history. In June+10, 5438, Sun Yat-sen announced that Feng Heduan's government had committed crimes of disturbing state affairs and stealing power. And discuss the issue of starting the Northern Expedition and seek legal protection. 165438+ 10 In October, the United States and Japan signed an agreement recognizing Japan's special interests in China. Japan does not deny the rights and interests of the United States to China. The October Revolution in Russia broke out in October.
19 18 In March, Duan was re-elected as Prime Minister and decided to use force against Sichuan, Hunan and Guangdong provinces, and the civil war began. In May, Sun Yat-sen was excluded and resigned as the marshal of the military government to protect the law. At the end of the month, Sun Yat-sen left Guangzhou for Japan, rotated Japan and returned to Shanghai. In Peking University, more than 2,000 teachers and students from various schools petitioned at the Presidential Palace, demanding the abolition of the military agreement between China and Japan to defend against the enemy. In August, the direct warlord Wu telegraphed for reunification, and the southern military government replied that it was in favor of peace. Duan He was forced to order the frontline troops to temporarily take the defensive. In September, the Beijing Congress elected Xu Shichang as its chairman. 1 1 month, World War I ended. /kloc-in June of 0/6, Xu Shichang issued a truce. On the 22nd, the Guangzhou military government ordered a truce, and both sides agreed to peace talks. 65438+February The Independent Review edited by Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu and Hu Shi was founded in Beijing. In that year, the Beiyang government (19 16 to 19 18) borrowed a total of1.90 billion yen from Japan through Nishihara Shenban. Therefore, it is called "Xiyuan Loan"