is invalid.

a reliable electronic signature must meet the following four conditions: when used for electronic signature, the electronic signature production data belongs to the electronic signer; when signed, the electronic signature production data is only controlled by the electronic signer; after signing, any changes to the electronic signature can be discovered; and after signing, any changes to the content and form of the data message can be discovered.

can be regarded as a reliable electronic signature. The parties may also choose to use an electronic signature that meets their agreed reliable conditions. It involves personal relationships such as marriage, adoption and inheritance, the transfer of rights and interests of real estate such as land and houses, the suspension of public utility services such as water supply, heat supply, gas supply and power supply, and other circumstances in which electronic documents are not applicable as stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.

Extended information:

According to Article 13 of the Electronic Signature Law of the People's Republic of China,

An electronic signature is considered as a reliable electronic signature if it meets the following conditions:

(1) When the electronic signature production data is used for electronic signature, it belongs to the electronic signatory.

(2) When signing, the electronic signature production data is only controlled by the electronic signer;

(3) Any changes to the electronic signature after signing can be discovered;

(4) Any changes to the content and form of the data message after signing can be discovered.

the parties can also choose to use electronic signatures that meet their agreed reliable conditions.

article 14: a reliable electronic signature has the same legal effect as a handwritten signature or seal.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Electronic Signature Law of the People's Republic of China (revised in 219)