Creating a democratic, relaxed, harmonious and rich classroom atmosphere is the premise of stimulating learning interest and activating the classroom. The new curriculum standard emphasizes that teachers should change from instructors to promoters and from managers to guides. Teachers should abandon the old concept of "dignity as a teacher", create a relaxed and good learning atmosphere for students, establish an accepting and tolerant classroom atmosphere, and form a "learning * * * unity" of mutual teaching and learning, respect students' learning experience, let students boldly question, express their opinions and debate with teachers freely. Only in this relaxed teaching environment can students delve into problems with a happy mood, start thinking and gallop their imagination.
The new curriculum standard requires teachers to create a rich teaching environment, stimulate students' learning motivation and cultivate students' interest in learning. In order to make students happy to learn, I have made the following five explorations in my years of teaching practice:
1. Easy, harmonious and exciting method
Chinese classroom should embody humanistic characteristics. Creating a relaxed and harmonious atmosphere of democracy and equality is an important task of curriculum reform. Teachers and students should be equal partners, and should respect, trust and cooperate with each other. Only in this classroom atmosphere can teachers and students form a dialogue platform for interactive communication, and students can exert their imagination easily, enthusiastically and interestingly, enter Chinese learning in the best state, and glow the unique vitality of Chinese classroom.
A relaxed and harmonious classroom atmosphere is conducive to establishing a good teacher-student relationship and will play an important role in teacher-student communication. When teaching the article "lev tolstoy", students could not understand Tolstoy's eyes. The article wrote, "This is magic and magnetism for jewelry. It can suck in the substances in the world and then radiate accurate frequency waves to our times." The author quoted The Journey to the West, who the students were watching, to arouse their interest: "Can Tolstoy's eyes suck in the material in the world like the old man's gourd and Jinjiao, the king of Jinjiao and the king of Yin angle?" After being rejected in unison, the author asked, "Can my eyes suck Chinese books in?" The student answered "no" and the author solemnly said, "I said I can! I can remember the contents of this book in my mind through my eyes. " Looking at the author's gestures of "grabbing" and "blocking", the students will laugh. Then the author pointed to his eyes with one hand and pointed to the class representative with the other: "Can my eyes suck Lu Wanmin in?" The students happily replied: "Yes!" "Yes, I know through my eyes that she is a studious, intelligent and responsible girl." Then use the evaluation of two students to make students understand what "releasing accurate frequency waves" means. Finally, in a relaxed and happy atmosphere, the students naturally summed up their understanding of this sentence until the bell rang. Educator Tao Xingzhi once pointed out clearly: "Democracy is the best condition for creation." Only in a democratic, equal, relaxed and harmonious atmosphere can creativity be developed and students actively participate in teaching. The answer of Chinese is colorful, the charm of Chinese is here, and the vitality of Chinese classroom is here. The answer to the same question may be varied and colorful because of the differences in students' life experience, knowledge literacy and psychological state. This is the expression of creativity, and it is exactly what we should care for and cultivate. Teachers should put down the dignity of obedience, respect students' personality and individuality, establish a new relationship between teachers and students in democratic exchange teaching, give students more time and space to expand their imagination, and give students more opportunities and freedom to express their opinions; Attach importance to the methods of creating the atmosphere of Chinese classroom teaching
Students have different ideas, especially teachers' different opinions; Students should be encouraged to be indomitable to teachers, not superstitious about authority, not blindly following textbooks, and dare to say "I think". Students' free participation in free expression in unfettered free space can often produce relaxed, novel and pleasant psychological experience, and their interest in learning is high, thus inducing potential creative intelligence, stimulating the generation of creativity and showing the infinite vitality of Chinese classroom.
2. Praise, appreciate and stimulate interest.
The most ardent need of human nature is to be appreciated. Old teachers should pay attention to every progress of students' growth, help students find themselves and affirm themselves. "Good children are boastful." Yan Yuan, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, also said: "It is better to win an award once." This is the incentive function of praise and appreciation. Appreciation is cheap and priceless. Applause from classmates, praise from teachers and small prizes are the source of strength for students to succeed. In class, the author uses many ways of praise: or in a favorable tone-"You speak very well!" " "Your idea is great!" "You think image power is really rich!" ; Or in a friendly manner-pat on the shoulder, gently nod, smile? In each class, the author appreciates students as much as possible, not just one or two, but a group of students, even the whole class; This is not a hypocritical response, but a real response. With the appreciation of this "addition", students can often feel the joy of success and learning, and the classroom atmosphere is active and the learning effect is good. It can be said that creativity, interest in learning, motivated students and distinctive students are all appreciated. Through appreciation, the relationship between teachers and students is harmonious, the classroom atmosphere is active, and creative enthusiasm is stimulated, which plays a very obvious role in promoting students' learning quality and ability development. In the teaching process, teachers should not only appreciate students' mastery of knowledge and improvement of ability, but also appreciate students' excellent performance in learning process and methods, and also appreciate students' positive performance in emotional attitude and values. Suhomlinski reminded us educators: "Please remember that the happiness of success is a great spiritual strength, which can promote children's desire to study hard."
3. Listen carefully to exciting methods
In traditional classroom teaching, the teacher holds the "discourse hegemony", and students can only be treated as containers, waiting for the teacher to pour things into them. As a result, the gardener's hard work often stifles the students' nature, and the "engineer of human soul" makes our students become the standard parts of unified model casting. The new curriculum standard puts forward that teachers should listen to students' speeches more. The author believes that students "talk" and teachers "listen". There are three advantages: first, teachers can better understand students through "listening". Through "listening", the author is often impressed by students' imagination, unique and profound insights and humorous and wise language. Second, through "listening", teachers can really understand the true meaning of "learning from teaching". Third, students can be trained by "speaking" and "listening" by teachers. The more students talk, the more they will talk, the more they want to talk and the more confident they are. The class became a stage for them to play, which stimulated their interest in learning and enlivened the classroom. For example, when teaching Mr. Lu Xun's Snow, the author asked the students to find out their favorite sentences, first in the study group and then in the whole class. A student said, "I like' children are red with cold, and seven or eight of them together shape the thunder of the ocean', which shows the innocent and lively scene of children, especially the word' ah', which is very vivid. There is also' small hands like purple bud ginger', which is very fun. " When the author asked what "ha" was, most students folded their hands and gasped, making them laugh for a while in class and let them live in generate. Another example is "Two A's and JL's Debate on Japan". Almost all the students are trying to clarify the meaning of the text and have a debate. The new curriculum requires teachers to establish the educational concept of "autonomous learning and collaborative learning", which extends from imparting knowledge to students' lifelong development. UNESCO pointed out that the illiterate people in the future are not illiterate people, but people who can't learn. This teaching mode, in which students talk more and teachers innovate more, is an effective way to "teach them to fish" and "practice them to fish". In the whole learning process, students are always the protagonists, which greatly mobilizes students' learning enthusiasm and inquiry interest, keeps students' learning state active and enthusiastic, and makes the Chinese classroom show endless vitality and charm.
4. Equal evaluation of learning to stimulate interest method
In the traditional teaching mode, teachers have the highest dominance over students' academic achievements, but they ignore students' self-evaluation and mutual evaluation, which essentially ignores a manifestation of students' subjective initiative, especially the method of creating a Chinese classroom teaching atmosphere. When students' self-awareness is highly strengthened and their inner enterprising enthusiasm is stimulated, teachers can give them the right of self-evaluation and mutual evaluation, stimulate their positive subjective consciousness and feel the free atmosphere of equality, harmony and trust in the class. In the usual teaching process, the author often gives students objective assignments such as copying, dictation and reciting, so that students can check and evaluate themselves and make up for their shortcomings. Students can not only feel the trust of teachers, but also feel the joy of being a teacher once, and review their knowledge, killing two birds with one stone. Composition evaluation is a heavy burden for Chinese teachers, but often the teacher has worked hard to finish the approval, and it is really costly and inefficient for students to take a look. The author often "indulges" in the revision of his composition. The specific methods are as follows: first, write the evaluation criteria of this composition on the blackboard. First of all, students need sketches, comments, scores and signatures to evaluate and revise a composition independently. Then the group exchanges and supplements, the purpose is to know more about other people's composition writing methods and evaluation methods. Finally, each group recommends one or two excellent compositions or comments. With the help of the physical projector, teachers and students re-evaluate and choose the best composition or comment. When warm and sincere applause echoed in the classroom with laughter, all the students were intoxicated in this serious and vivid atmosphere of equality and trust, and their eyes were shining with pride in taking the initiative to participate in the evaluation. This not only frees the author from the complicated composition evaluation, but also stimulates the students' interest in writing, which makes the previous lifeless composition evaluation full of vitality. Every Saturday's composition evaluation has also become a weekend gift for students-happy event, which has gained a lot. A teacher once lamented that the exam was "not for students, but for teachers". Indeed, it takes a few days for a Chinese teacher to correct an exam, and at that time, students have forgotten the content of the exam for nine days, as easy as blowing off dust. In this regard, the author tries to reform. Last semester, in addition to the mid-term and final exams, the author "liberalized" the unit tests: the first day of the exam, the second day of self-correction, and the teacher praised and guided when commenting. Students can ask the teacher if they are not sure. At the beginning, the author was really worried about the students' random grading, but it can be seen from the collected test papers that the students are still honest and credible. This evaluation method can change students' focus from "form" (that is, score) to "quality" (knowing the gains and losses of each question), which is conducive to the next stage of learning and the next stage of testing.
5. Teachers' Charm Stimulation Method
An important prerequisite for implementing quality education is to cultivate a high-quality teacher team, that is, a charming teacher team. Natural, generous, friendly and easy-going teaching attitude, with appropriate fashionable and dignified dress, calligraphy combining rigidity with softness, clear pronunciation and intonation of Putonghua, impassioned recitation and euphemistic singing will exert invisible control on students' attention and exert a subtle guiding effect on students' aesthetic taste, thus stimulating students' interest in learning and invigorating the classroom. If Chinese teachers want to bring students to a wonderful literary hall, the most important thing is to infect students with Chinese insights and edify them-teachers are knowledgeable and talented, and they will gush and quip in teaching, which will greatly stimulate students' interest in learning. Practically speaking, teachers' teaching language should be vivid, vivid, concise, harmonious and melodious, rigorous and accurate. Teachers can use this language to describe scenery, describe personnel, explain characteristics, taste poetry and analyze things, which will certainly infect students with beauty and arouse their enthusiasm for learning. Chinese teachers should not only be familiar with textbooks and memorize classics, but also form their own real kung fu in studying textbooks. They can always teach new things, edify students' art and enjoy beauty, and truly become students' mentors and friends in seeking knowledge and being a man. Chinese teachers' artistic aesthetic ability and artistic innovation ability are helpful to enliven the classroom atmosphere and make the classroom full of vitality, because students can find all kinds of static beauty, dynamic beauty, morphological beauty, color beauty and rhythm beauty between the lines of the textbook under the guidance and guidance of teachers, and can feel the interest of the textbook with their hearts. Not only that, teachers' ingenious blackboard writing design can also give students the enjoyment and edification of beauty, thus stimulating their interest in learning Chinese and making the Chinese classroom full of vitality.
In short, teachers should establish the concept of democracy and equality in teaching, respect, trust and appreciate students, create a relaxed and rich classroom atmosphere, and let students fully participate in learning activities. In the classroom, don't dampen students' self-esteem and enthusiasm, turn the Chinese classroom into a condescending place where teachers give students knowledge, and abandon the paternalistic and overbearing teaching style. Instead, we should sincerely care for and care for students with a democratic and equal attitude. "Kiss your teacher and trust his way." Students can like Chinese and learn Chinese well.