VAC ban is very accurate. Basically, V club will only issue a VAC ban if it is confirmed that there is cheating software on your computer, so the scope of influence is quite wide. This page has a detailed description of being banned by VAC.

There are two kinds of bans involved in Steam games, one is VAC ban, and the other is Game Ban (full name: game developer ban, English: game ban). VAC ban is an anti-cheating technology developed by V Society, which is connected to some games. Game ban means that a game developer prohibits a user from logging into the game server, which is limited to multiplayer online games.

Extended data:

What is VAC?

VAC is the abbreviation of Valve Anti-check technology, which is a system to automatically detect cheating programs installed on users' computers. If a computer connected to a VAC-protected server has a detectable cheating program installed, the VAC system will prohibit the user from playing the game on all VAC-protected servers in the future.

VAC system can effectively detect cheating programs through their signatures. Any third party's changes to the game that make players gain unfair benefits, including any changes to the game's core execution files and dynamic link libraries, are classified as cheating or hijacking, and will trigger a VAC ban.

Although server administrators can choose to ban specific players, they cannot ban players with VAC.

The following actions will not trigger the vacuum ban:

Use chat tools such as X-fire or Overwolf.

System hardware configuration

Update system drivers, such as graphics drivers.