From the second year of Yuanguang (133 BC) to the fourth year of Yuanshou (1 19 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty launched three large-scale battles against the Huns. After these three wars, the Xiongnu's military strength suffered a serious blow, and their threat to the northern border of the Han Dynasty has been lifted, just as recorded in the history books? Xiongnu Biography says:? After the Xiongnu fled, there was no Wang Ting in Munan. ?
With the decline of Xiongnu's military strength, there was a division among Xiongnu nobles. During the reign of Emperor Zhao of Han Dynasty, there were five Khan disputes. At this point, Xiongnu was divided into South Xiongnu and North Xiongnu.
In the third year of Ganlu (before 5 1 year), Uhaanyehe, a southern Xiongnu, formally surrendered to the Han Dynasty, and Xuan Di's relatives greeted him on the outskirts of Chang 'an, thanking Han as the first Xiongnu Khan who came to Chang 'an to meet the emperor of the Han Dynasty. In the first year of Han Jingning (the first 33 years), the maid-in-waiting Wang Zhaojun married Uhaanyehe. Since then, the southern Xiongnu gradually joined the Han Dynasty, and some Xiongnu even began to settle down and engage in farming activities.
However, Uhaanyehe's younger brother, Zhikhan, killed Ji Gu, the messenger of the Han Dynasty. In order to prevent the revenge of the Han court, Zhikhan led some northern Huns all the way to the Balkhash Lake and Aral Sea in today's Kazakhstan. This area was then called Kangju Country. After Zhikhan fled to Kangju, he was sheltered by Kangju people, because Kangju wanted to use Xiongnu soldiers to dominate the western regions.
Kangzhou is in today's Kazakhstan region. The picture shows the Kazakh army.
At that time, Zhi Zhi Khan wanted to rebuild the powerful Xiongnu Empire in the Western Regions, and sent troops to attack Wusun and Dawan who had joined the Han Dynasty many times.
In the third year of Zhao Jian (the first 36 years), Emperor Han Yuan appointed Chen Tang as the vice captain of the western regions. At that time, Gan Yanshou was the full governor of the Western Regions. Chen Shang suggested to Gan Yanshou to unite the western countries to crack down on the Xiongnu in the north, but Gan Yanshou refused. Gan Yanshou insisted on fighting Emperor Han Yuan first, and then sending troops with the permission of the imperial court. In desperation, Chen Shang had to take advantage of Gan Yanshou's illness to send troops.
Shang Chen forged the imperial edict of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, and recruited soldiers who settled in Cheshi country and soldiers from the western regions. * * * plan more than 40000 people, mulling six ways, along the Tarim Basin, over Qingling, arrived in Kangju County, marched into Zhi Zhi City, and besieged Zhi Zhi City. I know that Zhi Zhi Khan has gone to no way back. He must defend the city and wait for a comfortable home.
In 36 BC, this battle was called the besieged city of Zhili in the world history, and the besieged city of Zhili was also the westernmost battle of the army expedition in the ancient history of China. In this campaign, the Han army won a great victory, capturing more than 65438 Xiongnu soldiers+100000.
Situation map of western countries
In 35 BC, Gan Yanshou and Shang Chen came to Chang 'an with the head of Zhili Khan and won the court in the Western Han Dynasty. Emperor Han Yuan was very happy after hearing the news. He did not pursue the crime of Shang Chen's sending troops, but also hung the head of Zhili Khan? Street? On the first day of public exhibition 10, Mijie was the residence where the Western Han Dynasty received envoys from various vassal states. As Gan Yanshou and Chen Tang said in Zhao Shu, this move of the Han Dynasty had a deterrent effect on countries in the western regions thousands of miles away. It is advisable to hang a barbarian mansion in Toucha Street to show Wan Li. Those who commit crimes against Han will be punished from a distance? .
Uhaanyehe in the southern Xiongnu was properly placed because he joined the Han Dynasty, while Zhi Zhi Khan in the northern Xiongnu was beheaded because he rebelled against the Han Dynasty, which formed a sharp contrast, just as people in the Eastern Han Dynasty said. Extraordinary and free from vulgarity, no personal relationship, praise for obedience, punishment for disobedience, effective for good and evil, calling on South Korea to support others. ?
Overlooking Lake Balkhash from space.
Those who openly commit crimes against the Han people will be punished from a distance? 、? Those who obey will be rewarded, and those who don't obey will be punished? It can be said that it is the basic strategy of the foreign policy of the Han court. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Wei's North Korea killed the envoys of the Han Dynasty and prevented neighboring small countries from entering the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent 50,000 troops to attack Wei-destroyed Korea, and set up Lelang County, Xuantu County, Fan Zhen County and Lintun County in the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. What is history? Hans county? .
Dawan county is rich in blood horses. At that time, the Han Dynasty was at war with the Huns. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wanted a bloody BMW to improve the breed of horses in the Han Dynasty in order to gain an advantage in the battle with Xiongnu. So he sent envoys to Dawan with a lot of gold and silver treasures in exchange for a bloody BMW. The king of Dawan refused to exchange blood horses on the grounds that they were national treasures. In order to maintain the reputation of the Han dynasty, the envoys of the Han dynasty cast a horse with gold for the king of Dawan State. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was very angry when he heard the news. He sent a general, Li Guangli, on an expedition to Dawan. The Han army besieged the mountain city of Dawan for more than 40 days. Knowing that they were defeated, the nobles of Dawan had to kill the king and make peace with the Han Dynasty. Hang your head north? This is a war caused by bloody horses, which is also called in world history? Battle of the bloody horse? .
The army of the Han Dynasty decisively attacked the Northern Xiongnu, destroyed the country rebuilt by the Northern Xiongnu in Zhi Zhi City, relieved the threat of Zhi Zhi Khan to the Han Dynasty, and left behind? Those who openly commit crimes against the Han people will be punished from a distance? This famous saying is circulating on the Internet now? People who commit crimes against China will be punished even if they are far away? This sentence comes from this.