Beiyang Navy, or beiyang fleet and Beiyang Navy, was formally established in 1888. It is the modern naval fleet established by China and the strongest and largest of the four modern navies established by Qing Dynasty. There are 25 main warships, 50 auxiliary warships, 30 transport ships and more than 4,000 officers and men.
Beiyang Navy was formally established in Liu Gongdao, Ahava, Shandong Province on 1888 (14th year of Guangxu reign) 17 February 17, and the Qing government allocated 4 million taels of silver for naval construction every year.
The strength of the fleet was once the first in Asia and the ninth in the world (according to the ranking of the US Navy Yearbook, the top eight were Britain, France, Russia, Germany, Spain, Ottoman Turkey, Italy and the United States). Later, it gradually fell behind Japan for various reasons.
1894-1895 The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 was completely annihilated, marking the bankruptcy of the Westernization Movement. 18 On April 7th, 1995, the Qing government was forced to sign the Sino-Japanese treaty of shimonoseki.
1895 treaty of shimonoseki started reconstruction after signing, and 1909 was merged into the cruiser fleet.
Extended data:
Introduction to the main battles of Beiyang Navy;
1, naval battle in the Yellow Sea
The naval battle in the Yellow Sea was a battle-scale naval battle between the two navies in the northern part of the Yellow Sea during the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-895 (1895). Also known as the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and the Dadonggou naval battle. In this campaign, the Beiyang Navy lost, * * * lost five warships, and many warships of the Japanese joint fleet suffered heavy losses, but none of them were sunk.
Since then, beiyang fleet retreated to Ahava, making the sea control right of the Yellow Sea fall into the hands of the Japanese joint fleet, which had a decisive impact on the war situation in the late Sino-Japanese War.
2. Ahava naval battle
The naval battle of Ahava was a battle of the Qing army against Japanese Lu Haijun's invasion of Ahava (now Weihai, Shandong) in Shandong Peninsula during the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 18951894-/KLOC-0.
1894 (20th year of Guangxu in Qing dynasty)165438+1in late October, after the Japanese army invaded Lushun (now Dalian, Liaoning Province), its base camp decided to suspend the plain operation plan of Zhili (now Hebei Province), turned its strategic offensive direction to Shandong Peninsula, and captured Ahava by land and sea in an attempt to annihilate Beiyang Navy.
To this end, the army established the "Shandong Combat Army" on the basis of its second army, which has jurisdiction over the 3rd and 4th brigades and the 6th division 1 1 brigade, with a total of more than 25,000 people.
1On February 3rd, 895, the commander of Japan's joint fleet, Ito Sukehiro, led the main force of Japanese ships to invade Liu Gongdao and fought fiercely all day. The next night, the torpedo boat of the joint fleet ambushed the Beiyang Navy. After paying a huge price, Dingyuan was injured, stranded and basically lost its combat effectiveness. On February 5, the Japanese ship invaded again, and the Beiyang navy and the shore fort fought back hard, so the Japanese ship could not break into the port.
On February 6th, Japanese torpedo boats attacked again, sinking Beiyang Navy ships Laiyuan, Weiyuan and Baoyu. On February 7, the Japanese joint fleet dispatched all warships with the intention of adowa Beiyang Navy. Beiyang navy fought hard. Although the Japanese attack was repelled, the Japanese island battery and all torpedo boats were lost.
On February 9, the Japanese ship sank the last capital ship "Jingyuan" of Beiyang Navy, and the general trend of Beiyang Navy was gone. On February 12, 2002, prefect Ding of Beiyang Navy learned that reinforcements were hopeless and committed suicide in grief. Subsequently, the "Guangbing" pipeline took Chen Biguang to surrender to the Japanese ship on behalf of the Beiyang Navy.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Beiyang Navy