Fascism; (English: FASSISM Italian: fascismo) is a political philosophy that combines corporatism, trade unionism, authoritarianism, extreme nationalism, centralized forms of socialism, militarism, anti-anarchism, anti-laissez-faire capitalism, anti-capitalism and anti-liberalism. Fascism can be regarded as an extreme form of collectivism, as opposed to individualism. The definition of fascism in the Encyclopedia Britannica is: "The status of individuals is suppressed by the collective-such as social organizations under a certain country, nation, race or social class."

Fascism is the product of economic panic in western countries. The intensification of political, economic and social turmoil, the discontent of the middle class in the deteriorating situation, the need for the government to seek new ruling countermeasures, more centralized economic control, and the need to prepare for the war of redrawing the world have all contributed to the emergence and development of fascism.

19 19, the original fascist organizations appeared: the German Workers' Party, the Italian "Fighting Fascists" and the Japanese Survivors' Society. 1920 In April, the German Workers' Party was renamed the German National Socialist Workers' Party. 192 1 10, the Italian national fascist party was founded, 1922, 10, Rome staged a coup and Italy established a fascist dictatorship. From 65438 to 0926, the fascist system in Italy began to take shape. In Japan, after the surviving society, there appeared fascist groups among the people and fascist movements in the army. In addition, the Hungarian military dictatorship headed by Holti gradually became fascist. From 1923 to 1926, Chang established fascist rule in Bulgaria, and from 1926, Pizdesky established a fascist system called "Sagnak" in Poland.

At the end of 20th century1920s, the turmoil brought by the Great Depression in western countries made fascism develop viciously. The Nazi Party quickly expanded into the largest party in Germany. 1933 65438+ 10, Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany, set up an arson case in parliament in February, passed an authorization law in March, followed by a series of fascist bills, and promulgated the Fuhrer's law in August of the following year, comprehensively rectifying national life, establishing a fascist system ruled by totalitarianism, and stepping up military expansion and preparation. Since the September 18th Incident of 193 1, Japan has embarked on the road of war and fascism. Japan, with its headquarters as the center, first launched a war of aggression, and then gradually became fascist from top to bottom through imperial institutions to adapt to the further expansion of the war of aggression. 1926 Japan basically established fascist rule, and 1940 the establishment of the Great Political Wing Zanhui marked the formation of the fascist system. Worldwide, from 1933 to 10, the fascist movement spread to 23 countries, and increased to 30 countries after half a year. Fascist groups such as the French Fire Cross, the British Fascist League, the American Freedom League and the Black Legion also flourished for a while.

Fascism is an international phenomenon formed under specific historical conditions. It opposes democracy and liberalism, advocates the establishment of totalitarian rule flaunting super-class, and implements comprehensive control and terrorist suppression; Carry out the propaganda of the government's comprehensive planning of the economy and people's lives, advocate national chauvinism, and carry out the war policy of repartitioning the world. Fascism represents that the society is experiencing a series of economic turmoil, and all kinds of democratic government means to save the economy are ineffective. After the vicious circle of centralization and excessive government intervention in the economy, the voice of people resorting to absolute dictators is inevitable.