The ancients said that "the phoenix head and leopard tail" meant that the beginning should be written with grace and color. Just like the head of the phoenix, some people say that "a good beginning is half the battle", which shows the importance of beginning. Similarly, a good beginning is also of great significance to the composition of the senior high school entrance examination.

So, what kind of beginning is good? There is no fixed method for writing, and there is no fixed format at the beginning. There is only one standard to measure the quality, that is, whether it is an organic part of the article, whether it can serve the content and center of the article, and whether it can attract readers to read.

Due to the limitation of time and space, the beginning of the composition in the examination room is concise, vivid and beautiful. The following methods can be considered.

1, cut to the chase. The so-called "straight to the point" is a figurative statement, which refers to a straightforward way of writing articles. For example, "Talking about the Backbone" flashed its own point of view from the beginning:

"We China people have backbone." "Praise of Poplar" touched on the theme at the beginning: "Poplar is really extraordinary, I praise Poplar!" This method is widely used in writing all kinds of articles, accounting for a large proportion. Its expression angle can be the direct narration at the beginning or the point of writing; You can reveal the main idea from the beginning, or you can come straight to the point and tell the enemy directly. And so on. Because this kind of writing is crisp and neat, it should be the first choice at the beginning of the composition in the examination room.

2. The background is gradient. Natural science tells us that the universe is a big system, and social science tells us that human society is a big system. A tree is in a forest system and a leaf belongs to this tree system. A person belongs to the social system and a finger belongs to this person's system. Therefore, any single thing, any phenomenon, can not be separated from the system to which it belongs, that is, the social background or natural background on which it depends. For example, "Kong Ji Ji Ji" begins: "The big square counter in the street ... can warm wine at any time". "Under the scorching sun and heavy rain" begins: "June 15, it's crazy!" These beginnings explain the time, place, festival, climate or the background and environment of the topic. Writing in the examination room, some topics at first glance seem abrupt and unpredictable, but if you think about the background carefully, it will suddenly become clear. For example, the topic of 1999' s college entrance examination composition is "If memory can be transplanted". With the development of science and technology in recent years, cloning technology has come out, genes can be transplanted, and space technology has advanced by leaps and bounds. In recent years, China has sustained economic development and made outstanding achievements in economic construction. Contact these backgrounds, the content of the article can be written, and association and imagination will have a foothold.

3. Ask questions. Flashback the result of things first, set suspense, or set questions to break the theme first and cause explanation or discussion. For example, the beginning of Jujube Stone: "Before leaving for America, ... but this is very strange." Another example is the beginning of Colorful Flowers: "Why do flowers have all kinds of beautiful and bright colors?" The purpose of this opening method is to set suspense, attract readers' attention, stimulate readers' interest, increase the faltering of the article and show the beauty of the layout of the article. This opening technique appears frequently in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination. Of course, this open form should be skillfully used to avoid single or formal curiosity.

(In fact, there are many forms of openness, such as: ① Ask an open question first. (2) intercept a wonderful event first.

(3) first explain an object that plays a clue role. (4) First, arrange a scene that triggers the story.

⑤ Introduce the characters closely related to the story first. )

4. Famous sayings and epigrams. Quoting epigrams, famous sayings, poems or proverbs at the beginning can attract readers and help highlight the center. Echo, for example, begins with a poem by Ai Qing. Cheng Yi's words are quoted at the beginning of Yi Xue: "Scholars must doubt first" and so on. This opening method is also an easy method for general candidates to master and use. Imagine, which candidate can't even remember a few ancient poems, aphorisms and famous sayings? The composition in the examination room varies from topic to topic, and the lens is quoted. Why not? The well-known epigram opening can often enhance the momentum of the opening, making people feel abrupt, eventful and lofty. Of course, the quotation should be as accurate as possible to avoid intellectual errors.

5, incisive metaphor. Metaphor is used at the beginning to arouse the reader's interest in the thing or truth to be explained. For example, "China Stone Arch Bridge" begins: "The bridge opening of the stone arch bridge bends like a rainbow." Ma Shuo begins: "There is Bole in the world, and then there is a swift horse." Taking the story of Bole and Maxima as a metaphor, this paper leads to the central argument, and incisive metaphors are often used at the beginning of argumentative papers, which can make the articles unique and enhance their attraction and expression effect. Since it is a metaphor, we have to pay attention to the similarity between "other things" and this question, and we can't be far-fetched

In addition, there are some ways to open, such as lyrical discussion, characterization and so on, so I won't elaborate here.

In short, how to start writing in the examination room determines the content of the examination questions, the nature of the article and the unique ideas of the candidates. After the candidates get the questions, don't think twice before you act, and don't act rashly.

Ending technique

If the beginning is compared to "firecrackers", then the end is like "bells". The ancients said: "A good ending is like chewing dried fruit and sipping fragrant teas, which makes people memorable." Like the beginning, the ending is also very important. It would be a pity if an article with a clear theme and a novel angle was ruined by an ominous ending when it was finished! The ending should not only serve the content and center of the article, but also be restricted by the "beginning", which increases the difficulty of writing the ending. People call the end of a good article "leopard tail". Judging from the composition of the senior high school entrance examination, although the ending of the article is not necessarily required to be "leopard tail", it is also required to be concise, vivid and just right.

Generally speaking, the common mistakes at the end of students' compositions are:

1. That is to say, the full text is over, which should be thought-provoking, but the author is still not at ease, determined to shake a few words, explain the whereabouts of people who don't need to be explained one by one, and pierce the meaning that could have been realized.

Empty slogans. Finally, in order to show his position and attitude, he shouted something irrelevant to the content of the article, which was a big theme.

3 sloppily. The meaning of the ending is clear, but it is too late to finish, which conflicts with the theme of the article.

From this point of view, the ending of the senior high school entrance examination composition is particularly important. How to write a good ending and improve the quality of exam composition? The following are the commonly used ending techniques for senior high school entrance examination compositions.

1, natural beam. No matter what style of article, after expressing the content, it naturally closes the full text, instead of designing profound philosophical sentences and carving rich symbolic forms. This ending is called "natural ending". It completely avoids the end fault of gilding the lily and moaning without illness, which is concise, lively and unpretentious, and is widely used in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination. The composition atmosphere in the examination room is tense and the competition is fierce, so we should not pay too much attention to "form" and "law". As long as you have passion, write freely and fully express your feelings, it is a good article. But paying attention to "nature" does not mean being arbitrary and hasty, but ending the overall situation along the natural trend of literary thinking development. There are many such examples in the learned text, so I won't repeat them here.

2. Echo from beginning to end. The end should echo the beginning, write a sentence that echoes the beginning, and don't simply repeat it. This way of ending is a common way of ending all kinds of articles. This method can arouse readers' psychological aesthetic feeling and produce a feeling of rounded head and tail. For example, A Precious Shirt says, "In my house, there is a white shirt, which is really cool." Finally, I wrote: "I have carefully collected this precious shirt for four years, and I have never been willing to wear it once." Praise the end of the poplar and the beginning echoed at a distance: "I want to praise the poplar loudly!" "

3, the pawn Zhang Xianzhi style. This way of ending is to express the theme clearly at the end of the article, relying on the content of the full text and using concise language, or to explain the writing intention clearly at the end of the full text, so this way of ending is also called "making the finishing point". For example, at the end of Jujube Kernel, it reads: "Changing the nation does not mean changing the national feelings. No nation is so attached to its homeland as we are." At the end of "Remember a Spinning Wheel", I wrote: "It is a pleasure to struggle with difficulties. -Remember a spinning wheel. "

4. Famous sayings and epigrams. Ending with famous aphorisms and poems is intended to extend the article and reveal the true meaning of some kind of life. It often appears at the end of essays, narratives and essays. In a few words, it expresses profound and thought-provoking philosophical or warning content, which is deeply imprinted in readers' hearts and has the effect of "endless words and endless meanings". At the end of "Pear Blossoms in the Post Road", it reads: "Pears in the Post Road are everywhere."

5. Lyric discussion. Ending an article with lyrical comments can express the feelings of the author, arouse the emotional waves of readers and arouse their voices, which has a strong artistic appeal. This way of ending is mainly used in narrative, explanatory and argumentative writing. There are various forms of the ending of lyric discussion, so the ending is more free. A good lyric discussion ending will inevitably bring true feelings and give readers a sense of reality and sufficiency. For example, at the end of Flower Market, it says, "She stands among hundreds of flowers with a smile, like a flower, like a beautiful and elegant orchid." Another example is the two natural paragraphs at the end of Missing Mother, which are typical lyrical endings.

The composition should be done in one go, and the ending should be in the same strain as the previous text, which is indispensable. The end of a composition is the same as the beginning, although it is different, it also has its own rules to follow. The above ending methods are just some common ending methods, so don't copy them mechanically. The really good ending lies in the examinee's usual solid training, in the examinee's improvisation and in the examinee's "extra-poetic merit".