Fan Changjiang learned to read and write with his cousin and grandfather since childhood. He often imitates his grandfather's appearance and tone, shakes his head and recites the famous words of his ancestor Fan Zhongyan. 1927 At the beginning of this year, Fan Changjiang, who failed to enter Huangpu Military Academy, entered Chongqing Branch of China-France University. Sino-French Chongqing Branch is a school founded by party member Wu to publicize Marxism-Leninism and train revolutionary cadres. Fan Changjiang gradually accepted the anti-imperialist and anti-warlord ideas here. He took an active part in social activities and made anti-imperialist and anti-warlord propaganda speeches on the street with his classmates. After the "Nanjing Incident", Fan Changjiang took part in the demonstrations after the incident and fought against the reactionary warlords who suppressed the demonstrations. Wanted by reactionary warlords in Sichuan, he was forced to leave Chongqing and come to Wuhan. In order to make a living, Fan Changjiang participated in the 20th Army Training Mission of the National Revolutionary Army led by He Long, became a student soldier, and was transferred to Nanchang with He Long. 1 In August, Fan Changjiang took part in the famous "August 1st" Nanchang Uprising. After the Nanchang Uprising, Fan Changjiang was besieged by the reactionary Kuomintang troops on his way with the troops, lost contact with the troops and moved to Nanjing. At the beginning of 1932, Fan Changjiang came to Beiping, and under the auspices of li jinxi, he got a job of cutting and pasting materials in the editing department of Mandarin Dictionary. In the autumn of the same year, with his own efforts and the help of his friends, he entered the philosophy department of Peking University.
During his stay in Peking University, Fan Changjiang enriched himself with books on philosophy, politics, economy and English, and always paid attention to the development of the anti-Japanese situation. He often thinks: how to serve reality with correct philosophical thoughts? In a class, he asked the professor two questions: first, the people of the whole country demanded anti-Japanese, but the government did not. What shall we do? Second, a person is hungry and has no money, but the shop is full of food. Can I eat? The answer is: this is not a question of philosophy. Philosophy is mainly about understanding the situation of each school, not solving practical problems. The professor's answer once again made Fan Changjiang lose confidence in university education. He decided to go out of his study and devote himself to the real war of resistance. At a time when Japanese militarism covets China and the national war of resistance is inevitable, Fan Changjiang realized from a reporter's political sensitivity that once China and Japan go to war, the coastal areas will be defended for a long time, and the rear area of the war of resistance will be in the northwest and southwest. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate and study these places. 1935 In May, Fan Changjiang started his famous trip to the northwest in the name of Ta Kung Pao travel reporter. He started from Shanghai and descended along the Yangtze River, made a short stop in Sichuan, passed Jiangyou, Pingwu, Songpan, Xigu and Minxian in Gansu, and arrived in Lanzhou two months later. After a short break in Lanzhou, he went deep into Dunhuang, Yumen and Xining in the west, and went to He Lin, Wuyuan and Baotou in the north for interviews.
Fan Changjiang's Journey to the West, which lasted 10 months and traveled more than 6,000 miles, was fruitful. He wrote a lot of travel newsletters along the way, which truly recorded the hardships of people's lives in northwest China, and also made a profound exposition on the religious and ethnic relations in minority areas. More importantly, his travel newsletter also recorded the real situation of the Red Army's Long March. More importantly, Fan Changjiang publicly and objectively reported the traces of the Red Army's Long March for the first time with realistic brushwork, and obviously poured sympathy and even respect for the Red Army between the lines. Fan Changjiang's newsletter was published in Ta Kung Pao one after another, which aroused strong repercussions throughout the country, and the number of Ta Kung Pao publications increased sharply. Soon after, when these newsletters were compiled into the book "Northwest Corner of China", there was a rush of readers to buy them. "In less than January, thousands of first editions were sold out, but the buyers who continued to buy were still very enthusiastic." Within a few months, seven editions of this book were published, which became popular all over the country. After the trip to the northwest, Fan Changjiang returned to Tianjin and was hired as a regular reporter by Ta Kung Pao. He has written famous newsletters such as From Jiayuguan to Shanhaiguan, After the War of Bailing Temple, and Remember the West Gate. 19361February, after the "Xi incident", Fan Changjiang resolutely decided to go to Xi, Yan 'an and other places for interviews. "I'm determined to go to Xi to learn about China's politics at all costs. "At that time, the northwest foreign traffic was completely cut off, and Fan Changjiang took advantage of various personal relationships to venture to Lanzhou. He persuaded Yu Xuezhong, chairman of Gansu Province and commander of the 5 1 Army, to give him a military truck and sent several armed guards to accompany him to Xi 'an.
1on the evening of February 2, 937, Fan Changjiang finally braved the snow and arrived in Xi 'an. On February 4th, with the assistance of colleagues from Xi 'an Distribution Office of Ta Kung Pao, Fan Changjiang came to the residence of General Yang Hucheng through the introduction of Deng Baoshan, Chairman of Shaanxi Province. In spite of his busy schedule, Comrade Zhou Enlai warmly received 27-year-old Ta Kung Pao war correspondent Fan Changjiang, who risked his life to break into Xi 'an from Suiyuan front. Through an interview with Zhou Enlai, Fan Changjiang deeply understood the truth of the Xi incident and China's * * * production party's proposal for a peaceful settlement of the Xi incident, and clarified the truth.
Just as Fan Changjiang was preparing to publish the report on the An Incident, Chiang Kai-shek, who was released by Zhang and Yang and returned to Nanking, presided over the Third Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Committee of the Kuomintang to discuss the situation after the An Incident.
Ta Kung Pao was shipped from Shanghai to Nanjing, and the newspaper published an article written by Fan Changjiang overnight-the turbulent northwest situation. This article, like a cannonball, broke through the news blockade of the Kuomintang, not only reported the truth of the Xi 'an incident, but also clearly conveyed the policies and propositions of China's * * * production party's anti-Japanese national united front, which caused a sensation in the government and people rushed to buy it. Chiang Kai-shek read Fan Changjiang's article, which was completely contrary to his morning report. He flew into a rage, reprimanded Zhang Jiluan, editor-in-chief of Nanjing Ta Kung Pao Society, and ordered Fan Changjiang's articles and personal letters to be strictly investigated thereafter. In order to know more about the situation in northern Shaanxi, Fan Changjiang asked Zhou Enlai to go to Yan 'an for an interview, and he was approved. On February 9th, 1937, accompanied by Bo Gu Kailai, Luo Ruiqing and other senior leaders of China * * * production party, Fan Changjiang arrived in Yan 'an. In the afternoon, the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University (Red Army University) held a warm welcoming ceremony, and Fan Changjiang met with Lin Biao, Liao Chengzhi and Zhu De successively. That night, Mao Zedong met with Fan Changjiang in the cave where he worked in Fan Changjiang, and made an incisive analysis on the nature and tasks of the China Revolution, the general line and policy of the * * * production party at that time, the anti-Japanese national United front and other issues, and suggested that Fan Changjiang immediately return to Shanghai to use the influence of Ta Kung Pao to publicize the anti-Japanese national United front policy.
Fan Changjiang is the first person who officially entered Yan 'an as a journalist except American journalist edgar snow. Although he only stayed in Yan 'an for one day, he deeply felt the fiery anti-Japanese sentiment here. Fan Changjiang, who was the first to open the door to the news blockade of the Kuomintang, published his long newsletters of more than 30,000 words in Ta Kung Pao. From these newsletters, the people of the whole country saw the great China Communist Party for the first time and the hope of the Chinese nation.
In the process of reporting the China * * * production party, Fan Changjiang learned more about the * * * production party, saw more clearly the future of China, and understood his mission and task as a journalist. 1937165438+1On October 8th, under the direct guidance of Zhou Enlai, Hu Yuzhi, a pioneer of cultural movement in Fan Changjiang and China, joined forces with national progressive journalists to establish the China Young Journalists Association. "This is the predecessor of the China Journalists Association. This day has also become China Journalists' Day.
1May, 939, in the "Zhou Mansion" at No.50 Zengjiayan, Chongqing, under the close surveillance of the Kuomintang secret service, Fan Changjiang secretly joined the China * * * production party as an introducer, and appointed one-way contact with Li Kenong. Since then, Fan Changjiang has entered the vanguard of the proletariat from a democratic patriot.
After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, China's central peace negotiation delegation moved from Chongqing to Nanjing, and Fan Changjiang was named by Zhou Enlai to fly to Nanjing from Central China Liberated Area, serving as the director of the delegation's information office and China's foreign spokesman. At this time, he not only issued various declarations of delegations frequently, but also met people from all walks of life who often visited, explained the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's policies to them and answered various questions, which became a window for the Chinese Communist Party to promote peace. 1949 65438+1October 3 1, Beiping was peacefully liberated. Fan Changjiang, then editor-in-chief of Xinhua Head Office, led a group of "news soldiers" to enter Peiping with the vanguard troops of the People's Liberation Army, and was ordered to take over the news unit of the Kuomintang in Peiping, and founded the first party newspaper after the liberation of Peiping, People's Daily, and Fan Changjiang became one of the founders and pioneers of journalism in New China.
When Fan Changjiang was preparing to publish People's Daily Beiping Edition, Peng Zhen, secretary of Beiping Municipal Party Committee, called Fan Changjiang and others to the meeting. Peng Zhen said, municipal party committee has just entered the city, there are many things, and there are not enough people. Imagine that the Beiping edition of the People's Daily is published in two editions first, and then in four editions. Fan Changjiang and others think that the Kuomintang's North China Daily has been published in four editions, and we are the winners. In any case, it can't be less than four editions. The capacity of the two editions is too small to arrange a lot of content. The Yangtze River also said that it would issue the fourth edition of the military order: ensure that the newspaper does not make big mistakes, ensure that it only sleeps for four hours every day, and will be punished if it fails to complete the task.
The team led by Changjiang was very young, but he soon brought everyone together. He spared no effort to train young journalists and editors. When pointing out their works, he carefully considered political thoughts, principles and policies, carefully scrutinized arts and sciences, and even wrote neatly. He will do what he wants others to do first. 1June, 950, Fan Changjiang was appointed as the president of People's Daily. Just when Fan Changjiang became famous and made great achievements, the Cultural Revolution began. Fan Changjiang was brutally persecuted by the Gang of Four, imprisoned for a long time and tortured.
1970101On October 23rd, Fan Changjiang's body was found in a rural well in Queshan, Henan where Fan Changjiang was being held. Although most media have commented on Fan Changjiang, who was only 6 1 year old, in fact, the cause of Fan Changjiang's death is still a mystery. Wife Shen Pu, daughter of Shen Junru.
The eldest son Fan Susu
The second son, Fan Dongsheng, was the first undergraduate in the journalism department of Renmin University of China after the Cultural Revolution, and now he is the dean of Changjiang School of Journalism and Communication at Shantou University.
Sanzi Fan Xiaojun
The fourth son, Fan, used to be the vice minister of agriculture, and now he is the deputy head of the leading group for poverty alleviation and development of the State Council, the director of the poverty alleviation office and the party secretary. Fan Changjiang participated in the Nanchang Uprising and was the first reporter to report on the Red Army in the Kuomintang-controlled area. During his stay in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he was an active war correspondent in various war zones. Comrade Zhou Enlai wrote in his letter: "It is not only exciting but also unforgettable to hear that you are full of heroes at the front line and come back with glorious scars." In the War of Liberation, he followed Mao Zedong to northern Shaanxi and saw Chairman Mao commanding 30,000 to 40,000 people and defeating more than 200,000 people in Hu Zongnan.
1949 65438+1October 3 1, Beiping was peacefully liberated. The Yangtze River led a group of "journalists" and followed the vanguard troops of the People's Liberation Army into Peiping, becoming one of the founders and pioneers of journalism in New China.
At that time, he was the editor-in-chief of Xinhua head office, and was ordered to take over the news unit of the Kuomintang in Peiping, and formed the first party newspaper after the liberation of Peiping-Beiping edition of People's Daily. Comrade Li Zhuang, then president of Xinhua News Agency Beiping Branch, recalled: "Comrade Peng Zhen, secretary of Beiping Municipal Party Committee, asked me to have a meeting with Changjiang and others. He said that the municipal party Committee has just entered the city, and there are many things and there are not enough people. Imagine that the Beiping edition of People's Daily will be published in two editions first, and then in four editions to solicit our opinions. Both Changjiang and I believe that the Kuomintang's North China Daily has been published in four editions, and we are the winners. In any case, we can't have less than four versions. The capacity of two versions is too small to arrange. The Yangtze River also said that it would issue the fourth edition of the military order: ensure that the newspaper does not make big mistakes, ensure that it only sleeps for four hours every day, and will be punished if it fails to complete the task. "
The team led by Changjiang was very young, but he soon brought everyone together. He spared no effort to train young journalists and editors. When pointing out their works, he carefully considered political thoughts, principles and policies, carefully scrutinized arts and sciences, and even wrote neatly. He will do what he wants others to do first. 1950 1, Changjiang was appointed president of People's Daily. At this time, the newspaper is in a period of manuscript shortage. At that time, the movie "Great Change" of the former Soviet Union was shown, which described the Battle of Stalingrad. The Yangtze River seized this opportunity and proposed that there should also be a major change in newspaper work. Anything that can be distributed should be distributed for interviews and manuscripts. He put forward a resounding slogan: "Win outside the club". Many people are dubious about this decision, but Changjiang insists. A few months later, the manuscript kept flowing, and the work of the newspaper changed from passive to active. Jin Feng, a reporter from People's Daily, recalled: "1950, Fan Changjiang came to People's Daily as the president. He held "flying meetings" from time to time, and often called all the editors to meet suddenly, conveying the opinions of leading comrades of the Central Committee at any time, criticizing or praising a certain staff member, or asking everyone to comment on the newspaper of the day, or asking some questions for everyone to answer on the spot. What impressed me most was that he suddenly asked some questions to an editor or reporter, which often made people tongue-tied and embarrassed. Everyone is nervous. I wonder if Comrade Changjiang will order today. In fact, this is the president's on-site examination for editors and journalists, and it is a strict vocational training. The questions raised by Comrade Changjiang are not tricky, which journalists and editors should all know, but this way is too special and sharp after all, and has been opposed by some people. But he never criticizes us new comrades. He just asked us to finish the reporting task well.
Fan Changjiang was rather rude to some old comrades who were tired from work, criticizing them for eating with seniority and not making progress in their work. Some people are not used to his resolute style and are not satisfied with his sharp criticism. Perhaps this is the shortcoming of the Yangtze River, but it is also his character. "
Fan Changjiang also earnestly warned everyone to clearly understand the status and role of People's Daily in society. Every staff member of a newspaper should be conscientious and can't just let it go. How thoughtful and meticulous Taofen is in running newspapers and periodicals, and it has been unambiguous for decades. Don't think, "I used to do this in the old district, and I was praised at that time!" " You know, the times are different, the environment is different, and your position is different. What was possible before is impossible now. He also said that it is not enough to scare people by the brand and status of the central party newspaper, but you really have the ability to lead public opinion.
Fan Changjiang's generalization and summary of the basic laws of journalism fifty years ago not only played an important guiding role at that time, but today, many viewpoints are still out of date and there are many insights. He believes that "news is an important fact that the masses want to know, should know and don't know." He pointed out that "news is the life and soul of a newspaper." "News must be facts, rumors are not news, feelings are not news, and they must be facts." And "it must be a new fact and a representative fact."
Fan Changjiang believes that journalists should have a sound personality. In today's words, it is necessary to have a noble professional ethics. He said: "It is very important for journalists to stick to the truth and be in the spirit of prosperity and unyielding." He also said that if a reporter can work for a great ideal, it is worth "doing his best to die." Just as Fan Changjiang became famous and made great achievements, the bloody "Cultural Revolution" began. The Yangtze River was brutally persecuted by the Gang of Four and was imprisoned and tortured for a long time. 1967, Fan Changjiang, then deputy director of the State Science and Technology Commission and vice chairman of the China Association for Science and Technology, was jailed on the charge of "counter-revolution", which became the beginning of Fan Changjiang's bad luck. 1In March, 969, Fan Changjiang, who was identified as a "counter-revolutionary" and was imprisoned for a long time, took the first batch of 500 people who accepted labor reform, exercise and criticism to the Luzhuang Forest Area of Boshan Forest Farm, Queshan County, Zhumadian City, Henan Province (where the May 7th Cadre School of China Academy of Sciences is located). Fan Changjiang spent nearly two years in this situation. 1970101on the evening of October 22nd, the criticism of Fan Changjiang continued until late at night. It is fifty or sixty meters in front of the gate of the May 7th Cadre School in Queshan, which is a vegetable garden that is often irrigated by manure in Fan Changjiang. Next to the vegetable garden is a well with a depth of 7 meters and a diameter of 1.4 meters. 1970101On the morning of October 23rd, the supervisor of the May 7th Cadre School found that Fan Changjiang had disappeared. At 7 o'clock in the morning, Fan Changjiang's body was found in a well beside the vegetable garden, floating on the water, wearing only a thin suit. As for the cause of death, no one can tell whether he threw himself into the well, fell or something else. May 7th cadre school hospital, there is not much reaction. At about 10 in the morning, the supervisor called several workers from the processing factory of Luzhuang Brigade in the partition wall, fished out Fan Changjiang's body from the well, wrapped it in plastic cloth, carried it to a ravine and sewer seven or eight hundred meters away from the ultra-leftwing, and buried it in a hurry. His death remains a mystery.
197865438+On February 27th, a memorial service was held for Comrade Fan Changjiang in Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery in Beijing to rehabilitate him and restore his reputation. Comrade Hu Yaobang personally presided over the memorial service.
Comrade Fan Changjiang once wrote a poem in memory of Lu Xun: "Look at the tiger and the wolf coldly and bow your head as a willing ox. The stronger the persecution, the colder the bullying. Millions of unarmed soldiers holding a piece of paper. Adhere to the truth and fight bravely, and Mr. Torch shines everywhere. "
This can be the motto of our honest and upright journalists. 1 935 May1,Fan Changjiang went south as a special correspondent of Tianjin Ta Kung Pao, went to Shanghai via Yantai and Qingdao, and then went west along the Yangtze River to Chongqing and Chengdu, where he wrote a travel note, which was published in the newspaper on May 10. On July 14, I started my trip to the northwest from Chengdu and ended on June 1936.
1in August, 936, he compiled the communication written in this realization into a book "Northwest Corner of China" and published it. These communications exposed the crisis of Japanese imperialist aggression. Corruption and darkness under Kuomintang rule and the miserable life of people of all ethnic groups. What is more valuable is that the book objectively and truly reports the whereabouts and influence of the Red Army's Long March for the first time.
His communication works, with their unique style and far-reaching influence, have provided new experiences and new samples for China's news communication writing, which occupies an important position in China's news history. The Fan Changjiang Prize for Journalism is a news award established in the name of Fan Changjiang, an outstanding journalist in China. 1935, China was in the age of national peril. Fan Changjiang, 26, as a special correspondent of Tianjin Ta Kung Pao, went to the poor and backward northwest to cover. He saw the sufferings of the local people and the hope of China. With great patriotic enthusiasm, he published a series of newsletters reflecting the sufferings and oppression of the local people, the upsurge of anti-Japanese passion from all walks of life and the persistence of the Red Army of workers and peasants in fighting, which attracted the attention of the people of China. Fan Changjiang also became famous. Later, he fought for journalism in China for decades until 1970 died. He used to be editor-in-chief of Xinhua News Agency and president of People's Daily. He is also one of the founders and leaders of "China Young Journalists Association" founded by the predecessor of China Journalists Association 1937. Fan Changjiang is a famous and outstanding representative of China press. It is of great significance to set up the highest award for outstanding young and middle-aged journalists in China in his name and encourage journalists to explore the future of journalism.
Fan Changjiang News Award is the highest honor award for outstanding achievements of young and middle-aged journalists in China sponsored by China Journalists Association, and it is also a permanent national news award approved by Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China.
This award has been held every three years since 199 1, but since 2000, this award has been held every two years.
In 2005, according to the spirit of the Central Committee's "Administrative Measures for National Literary Press and Publication Awards", it merged with the Taofen News Award to form the Yangtze River Taofen Award. Fan Changjiang's Birthday100th Anniversary Symposium.
On October 9th, 2009, a symposium was held in Beijing to commemorate the birthday of Fan Changjiang. At that time, Member the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, Secretary of the Secretariat and Minister Liu Yunshan of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China attended and spoke. Comrade Fan Changjiang's relatives and friends, representatives of his former work unit and hometown, some old journalists, executive director of China Journalists Association, winners of the Yangtze River Taofen Award series, etc. attended the forum, and more than 100 people gathered together to remember this outstanding journalist.
Wu Hengquan, Chairman of China Journalists Association and Editor-in-Chief of People's Daily, He Ping, Editor-in-Chief of Xinhua News Agency, Deputy Director of General Administration of Press and Publication, Fan, representative of Fan Changjiang's relatives, representative of Fan Changjiang's hometown and representative of Luan, winner of the Yangtze River Taofen Award, spoke at the forum, which was presided over by Zhai Huisheng, Party Secretary of China Journalists Association.
June 65438+10/October 65438+June 2009 is the birthday100th anniversary of Comrade Fan Changjiang, a famous journalist in modern China, an outstanding proletarian journalist and one of the main initiators and leaders of the China Young Journalists Association, the predecessor of the All-China Journalists Association. Fan Changjiang, 1909, is a rural native of Neijiang City, Sichuan Province. As a teenager, he pursued revolution and progress and actively participated in the anti-Japanese national salvation movement. During the period of 1935, he went deep into the northwest to investigate and interview, publicly reported the Long March of the Red Army, and collected and wrote classic works such as Northwest Corner of China and Sailing Up. /kloc-0 joined the China * * * production party in 1939, and successively held important leadership positions such as editor-in-chief of Xinhua News Agency, deputy director of the General Administration of Information and president of People's Daily, making indelible contributions to the establishment and development of the party's journalism. In memory of Comrade Fan Changjiang, every year on 1 1.8, the day when he founded the China Young Journalists Association was designated as "China Journalists' Day" by the State Council. The Fan Changjiang Prize for Journalism named after him has become the highest prize in China.