The connotation of standardization of safety production means that enterprises should consciously implement the laws, regulations, rules and standards of safety production in the process of production, operation and overall management, and refine these contents, formulate the rules, systems, procedures, standards and methods of safety production of their own enterprises according to these laws, regulations, rules and standards, and implement them to all employees, the whole process, all-round and all-weather. The work of safety production in enterprises has been continuously strengthened and improved, the intrinsic safety level of enterprises has been continuously improved, and the people, machines, objects and environment of enterprises are in harmony and unity, maintaining the best safety state, thus ensuring and promoting the healthy and rapid development of the company under the premise of safety.

In recent years, under the leadership of the National Bureau, tobacco enterprises have carried out enterprise standardization and occupational health and safety management system certification closely related to safety standardization construction. Therefore, tobacco enterprises must make clear two relations in the construction of safety standardization: one is the relationship between safety standardization and enterprise standardization; The second is the relationship between safety standardization and occupational health and safety management system.

First of all, enterprise standardization is the pillar and foundation of all standardization, and safety standardization is an important part of enterprise standardization. It has all the characteristics of enterprise standardization, but emphasizes the mandatory nature of laws and regulations and the technical nature of standards. Therefore, the construction of safety standardization must be carried out on the basis of enterprise standardization and within the overall framework of enterprise standard system. Without the foundation of enterprise standardization, safety standardization is bound to become "water without a source, wood without a root".

Secondly, safety standardization and implementation of occupational health and safety management system are two indispensable and complementary means for enterprises to carry out safety production. Both have their own emphasis, which can neither be partial nor absolute, and should be organically combined. Occupational health and safety management system provides the operation mode and content for the systematization of safety management. Safety standardization is the foundation and core of implementing occupational health and safety management system, which can be used as the norm and guide for system operation, providing methods and means for hazard identification, operation control and performance improvement, making the system more operable and effective, and conducive to the effective operation of the system. It can also be used as a benchmark to evaluate the quality of the system operation, so that the system operation can finally achieve the purpose of reducing occupational risks and improving intrinsic safety.

2. Formulate safety standardization norms that conform to the actual situation of enterprises and industries.

The primary task of safety standardization construction is to formulate a set of standardized operation and evaluation standards that conform to the actual situation of the industry and enterprises, reach the leading level in China, and cover all elements of safety management and technology in tobacco enterprises. Since 2007, Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd. has worked out enterprise safety standardization norms for two years. On this basis, in 2 0 1 year, it undertook the formulation of the industry standard "Safety Standardization Specification for Tobacco Enterprises" (hereinafter referred to as "Specification"). After 1 years of careful preparation and repeated revisions, the specification was officially released by the State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau on March 25th, 20 1 year, and officially implemented on April 25th, 201year. Now it has become an important industry standard for safety production standardization of China tobacco enterprises. Before compiling, on the basis of fully grasping the connotation of safety standardization, drawing lessons from various scientific safety management theories and combining with work practice, we have determined the following compilation principles.

(1) comprehensiveness

The principle of comprehensiveness is based on the famous Heine law. Heine's law is the inventor of German aircraft turbine. Heine put forward a law about aviation flight safety. Heine's law points out that behind every serious accident, there must be 29 minor accidents, 300 near misses and 1000 hidden dangers. The law emphasizes that accidents are the result of the accumulation of quantity. Heine's law shows that as long as there is a cause of the accident, it will happen sooner or later and cause the greatest possible loss; If every hidden danger of accidents can be taken seriously, then every accident can be avoided.

Therefore, the specification must cover all fields of safety management, all facilities and equipment in the production site, and all operation behaviors in the production site, because only by controlling every potential factor and trigger condition that may cause hidden dangers can the hidden dangers of accidents be controlled (1000), and then the near misses (3 0 0) and minor accidents (2 9) can be controlled until the serious accidents are eliminated (1).

(2) systematization

The systematic principle is based on the system safety theory, that is, the risk control system consists of human, machine, material, environment, management and other elements. Only by organically combining the hard means of engineering technology with the soft means of education management can the effectiveness of the risk control system be maximized.

Therefore, the specification must emphasize the decomposition and integration of risk control system, realize the comprehensive integration of theory, method, technology and system to the maximum extent, and use process PDCA control method to standardize safety planning, implementation, inspection, evaluation, rating and improvement as a system flow. Through the implementation of the standards, a risk control system with clear objectives and tasks, mutual coordination and mutual promotion will be formed in all production and business units to achieve the ultimate goal of safe production and accident prevention.

(3) Technology

The technical principle is based on the intrinsic safety theory. Intrinsic safety theory especially emphasizes the intrinsic safety of things and environment, that is, it needs to adopt advanced safety science and technology, such as self-organization, self-adaptation, automatic control and locking, etc., so that the production site and facilities and equipment have the function of not causing accidents even in the case of misoperation or failure, and fundamentally eliminate the basis of accidents.

Therefore, the specification must emphasize the leading role of safety technology, put forward specific safety technical requirements for equipment, facilities, tools, materials and inherent risk factors (including occupational hazards) in the production site, and tilt towards the safety technology module in the distribution of evaluation scores. In addition, according to the actual situation of the industry, it is necessary to put forward enterprise safety technical standards higher than the statutory standards, and ensure intrinsic safety through the formulation and implementation of these high-starting and strict standards.

(4) Compatibility

Compatibility principle is based on the dialectical unity of safety standardization and management system. Therefore, norms must be incorporated into the requirements of occupational health and safety management system, so as to realize the organic compatibility between safety standardization and occupational health and safety management system, and promote the effective operation and continuous improvement of enterprise occupational health management system while implementing safety production standardization.

3. Implement the requirements of safety standardization specifications to grass-roots units and posts.

On the basis of formulating safety standardization norms, the most important thing is to organize every grass-roots unit and every post employee to conduct comprehensive and detailed inspection, rectification and improvement against the standards, so as to realize the implementation of the targets. To this end, we have mainly taken the following measures:

(1) In the process of implementing the standards, we adopted the method of step-by-step implementation and steady improvement. First, pilot projects were carried out in six mature units, and all places, facilities, equipment and safety facilities were inspected by using the checklist of the Code, and the problems and gaps found were rectified and improved. Then it was gradually popularized in other units, and it took nearly two years to enter the standard evaluation stage. We believe that the implementation of safety production standardization must not be a movement or a formality, and the implementation effect of safety production standardization can be achieved one step at a time.

(2) Carry out publicity and training on the Code on a large scale, strengthen targeted training for enterprise leaders, safety management personnel, special operators and employees in various positions, widely establish the awareness of safety production standardization, learn, publicize and implement safety standards from grass-roots units, enterprises and all employees, and promote safety standardization into teams, posts, processes and systems.

(3) According to the specification requirements, systematically sort out and improve the existing safety responsibility system, safety management standards, safety technical standards, safety operation procedures and emergency plans, constantly consolidate the foundation of enterprise safety management, and continuously promote the effective operation of the occupational health and safety management system.

(4) to carry out activities to meet post standards, professional standards and enterprise standards. All subordinate units and functional departments of the company actively carry out self-assessment, find the gaps, and rectify and meet the standards according to the requirements of the specification. The group company organizes the safety standardization and re-evaluation of the standard rating of each unit to promote the overall standard of subordinate units.

(5) Take the construction of safety standardization as the starting point to promote the implementation of the main responsibility of safety production. Take safety standardization construction as an important content of safety performance appraisal, and link the realization of safety standardization construction with the performance appraisal of each unit and its leading members.

(6) Promote safety informatization and safety culture construction based on safety standardization. Take the management process specified in safety standardization as the basis of information system business process design; Under the overall framework of corporate culture, safety standardization is combined with teams and posts, and a "corporate culture-safety culture subsystem" is refined and summarized to promote the real landing of safety standardization from the cultural level.

4 Carefully organize standard rating to provide effective input for comprehensively promoting safety standardization.

On the basis of comprehensive investigation, rectification and promotion of enterprise standards, it is an important means to ensure the long-term implementation and continuous improvement of safety production standardization by timely carrying out the standard rating of safety production standardization and realizing the standard promotion. Generally speaking, the standard rating is divided into three stages. In the first stage, the assessed unit conducts self-evaluation; in the second stage, the assessment team composed of superior units re-evaluates the assessed unit; in the third stage, the superior unit conducts standard rating according to the results of self-evaluation and re-evaluation.

Whether the results of safety standardization and standard rating are scientific and objective depends first on organizational work. Because safety standardization construction involves all functional lines of enterprise production and operation, it is impossible to effectively complete the standard rating only by relying on the safety production management department. Therefore, the standard rating work should be directly led by the main person in charge of the enterprise, organized by the safety production management department and composed of several professional evaluation teams from various functional lines. Secondly, before the evaluation, the evaluation team should draw up a detailed written plan in accordance with the prescribed procedures, clearly stipulate the evaluation basis, scope, time, method, sampling ratio, personnel composition and division of labor, and fully communicate with the evaluated unit on the above matters, so as to make the evaluation work systematic, standardized and fair. Thirdly, the standard rating work is highly professional, and the professional technical level of appraisers is the key to the standard rating work. The qualification requirements of appraisers should be stipulated from the aspects of education, qualifications, professional background and sense of responsibility, so as to ensure that the selected appraisers can be competent for this job.