The background of Huang Chao Uprising: the hardships of people's life in the late Tang Dynasty. In the late Tang Dynasty, although the social economy in the south of the Yangtze River developed, from the emperor to officials at all levels, the people were squeezed to "only think about fatigue and worry about having no fish to eat". Liu, a bachelor of Hanlin in Xuanzong, pointed out that the country was "nine broken" and the people were "eight bitter". People can't live, so they have to rise up against the landlord class and its government.

In December of 859 (13th year of Dazhong), Qiu Fu led the peasant uprising in eastern Zhejiang. In October 1986, Pang Xun led the Guilin Garrison Uprising. It opened the prelude to the peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty.

The great uprising and the outbreak of mobile warfare. At the end of 874 (the first year of Ganfu), Wang Xianzhi, a smuggler from Zhou Pu (Pucheng, Fan County, Henan Province), revolted in Changyuan (northeast of Changyuan County, Henan Province) and published an obituary, denouncing Tang government officials as "corrupt officials, serious officials and unfair rewards and punishments". Wang Xianzhi claimed to be "an ordinary general". This shows that he wants to help God and change the social reality of inequality between the rich and the poor. In June of the same year, the insurgents captured Hehe (Shandong County) and defeated Tang and Xue Chong. The following year, Huang Chao also gathered people to respond.

Huang Chao was a sinner in Cao Zhou. He sold salt for generations. When I was a child, I read poetry books, learned to ride and shoot, and failed in the imperial examination. He was very dissatisfied with the darkness of society at that time. He wrote poems entitled "Chrysanthemum" and "The Last Chrysanthemum", expressing his determination to change reality.

After the rebel army conquered Luoyang, it quickly marched westward, crossed Tongguan, and entered Chang 'an, Tang Dou on August 8 1 year1month (December of the first year of Guangming). Nuozong led Tian and other eunuchs to flee to Chengdu. The rebels "rode like a stream, and the trench blocked the road." Shang Jean comforted the people and said, "The Yellow Emperor started fighting for the people, unlike Li who didn't love you Cao. Cao Cao, don't be afraid of peace. "

In Chang 'an, Huang Chao proclaimed himself emperor, with the same title, and changed the Jin system, with Shang Rang and others as prime ministers and Zhu Wen as general Zhu Wei, and established the peasant regime. In 882 (Zhonghe year), Tang Jun counterattacked, and the situation took a turn for the worse. At this critical moment, General Zhu Wen defected to the Tang Dynasty, and the Chang 'an defense line collapsed and the battle was defeated. Huang Chao came out of Chang 'an and into Henan. When crossing the Bianhe River, they were attacked by loyalists and the team dispersed. Let others mutiny, Huang Chao led thousands of people into Shandong. On June 17, 884 (the fourth year of neutralization), he committed suicide in the Wolf and Tiger Valley of Mount Tai, and the uprising failed.

Although the peasant uprising led by Huang Chao failed, it has far-reaching historical significance. The leader called for the addition of general generals and soaring generals, which reflected the vague demands of the rebels for equality and equality, and marked a new stage of the peasant uprising. In the struggle, the insurgents paid attention to dividing the enemy, avoiding the reality and using mobile tactics. In the past ten years, it has passed through 12 provinces and traveled more than 20,000 miles. This is a pioneering work in the history of peasant war.

The peasant war at the end of the Tang Dynasty basically disintegrated the decadent rule of the Tang government, hit the economy of the big landlord Zhuangtian, swept away the remnants of the gate valve, and made the remaining gentry's gate valve "die out". In this way, the problems of land concentration and farmers' flight have been alleviated, the number of yeomen has increased, and the status of tenant farmers has changed slightly. This provided favorable conditions for the social and economic development of the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty.