1. Evaluation:

Sima Qian: I heard that Zhou Sheng said that Shun's eyes covered his pupils with great emphasis, and I also heard that Xiang Yu also valued his pupils. Why is his descendant so evil? What a violent incident! Husband Qin lost his power, Chen She was in trouble, heroes arose, and they fought with each other, innumerable. However, Yu did not have the size to ride on the land of Long Mu. In three years, he destroyed the Qin Dynasty with the five princes and divided the world. He was granted the title of prince, and the government came from Yu. He was named "Overlord". Although his position did not end, it was unprecedented in modern times. Yes. Ji Yubei cared about Chu, banished the Righteous Emperor and established himself on his own, and blamed the princes for betraying him, which was difficult. He was preoccupied with his merits and exploits, and pursued his own wisdom without learning from the ancients. This was called the overlord's career, and he wanted to use his strength to conquer and rule the world. He died in his country in five years, and died in Dongcheng. He didn't realize that he had failed and didn't blame himself. It was too much. It is not absurd to say, "Heaven will destroy me, not because of the use of troops."

Meaning: Taishi Gong (Sima Qian) said: I heard Mr. Zhou say: "Shun's eyes seem to have double pupils." I also heard that Xiang Yu also had double pupils. Is Xiang Yu a descendant of the Miao (Shun) people? (Otherwise) Why did it rise so quickly! The Qin Dynasty made a political mistake, and Chen Sheng was the first to attack. After that, heroes from all walks of life swarmed in to revolt and fought for the world together. Xiang Yu did not have an inch of land, so he took advantage of the situation and revolted in the countryside. Three years later, he led the five princes to destroy the Qin Dynasty and divided the world among the princes. ) issued from Xiang Yu, (he) was known as the "Overlord". Although (his emperor) throne has no final conclusion, (he is also) an unprecedented (person) in modern times. When Xiang Yu misses Chu and abandons Guanzhong (returns to Chu), banishes King Huai of Chu and makes himself king, and resents the princes for betraying him, it will be difficult. (He) showed off his merits and abilities, but did not imitate the ancients. He called it the great deeds of an overlord. He wanted to use force to conquer and rule the world. In five years (within), his country was finally destroyed. He died in Dongcheng. It’s my fault that I haven’t realized it yet and I don’t blame myself. He even said, "Heaven destroyed me (ah), not because of (my) military use." Isn't this a fallacy?

2. Introduction:

Xiang Yu (232 B.C. - 202 B.C.), Xiang family, surname Mi, given name, courtesy name Yu, lower minister of Chu State (now Jiangsu Province) Suqian), the grandson of the famous Chu general Xiang Yan, he is a military strategist who is a representative of the "military situation" in Chinese military thought (the four forces of military strategists: military situation, military strategy, military yin and yang, and military skills). He is also known for his outstanding personal force. Famous military commander. Li Wanfang commented on his "feather's bravery, unparalleled throughout history".

In his early years, Xiang Yu followed his uncle Xiang Liang in an uprising against Qin in Wuzhong (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). After Xiang Liang was killed, he led his army across the river to rescue Zhao Wangxie, and defeated the leaders of Zhang Han and Wang Li in the Battle of Julu. The main force of the Qin army. After the death of Qin, he was called the Overlord of Western Chu and made his capital Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province). He implemented a feudal system and made the heroes of Qin and the nobles of the six countries king.

Then King Liu Bang of Han Dynasty sent troops from Hanzhong to attack Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu launched a four-year Chu-Han War with him. During this period, although Liu Bang was repeatedly defeated, Xiang Yu was never able to have a fixed rear supply. He ran out of food and grass and was suspicious. Yafu Fan Zeng was eventually killed by Liu Bang. In 202 BC, Xiang Yu was defeated at Gaixia (now south of Lingbi County, Anhui Province), broke through to Wujiang (now Wujiang Town, He County, Anhui Province) and committed suicide.