Original text
Xue Tan learned from Qin Qing and admired him. He thought that he had exhausted the skills of Qin Qing, so he resigned and returned home. Qin Qingfu stopped, walking on the outskirts of the road in farewell, Fu Jie's sad song, the sound vibrated the trees, and the sound stopped the moving clouds. Xue Tan wanted to rebel, but he never dared to return.
Qin Qing did not dissuade him and bid him farewell on the road outside the city. Qin Qing beat the beat and sang a sad song. The song vibrated the trees, and the sound stopped the moving clouds. Xue Tan then apologized to Qin Qing and asked to come back to continue studying. From then on, he never dared to say that he wanted to go home again.
Reading training
1. Explain the meaning of the following highlighted words in the text.
① Qin Qingfu stopped. ②The sound stops the moving clouds.
2. Add some usage and meaning in each of the following sentences. Which one of the incorrect judgments is ( )
A. ① is the same as ②, ③ is different from ④ B. ① is different from ②, ③ is the same as ④
C. ① is the same as ②, ③ is also the same as ④ D. ① is different from ②, and ③ is different from ④
3. Translation: Tan Nai seeks rebellion under high pressure.
Translation:
4. What inspiration does this story give you?
Answer:
5. Is there anything redeemable about Xue Tan? If so, what is it?
Answer:
[Edit this paragraph] (3) Fan Zhongyan aspired to the world
Original text
Fan Zhongyan was orphaned when he was two years old. Poor and helpless. He rarely has great ambitions. He always takes the world as his own responsibility and studies hard. Sometimes he is lazy at night and often feeds his noodles with water. He eats porridge while reading without food. ‖Since he was an official, he always spoke generously about world affairs without caring about his own life. He was even slandered and demoted, and was relegated to Dengzhou as a political advisor. ‖Zhong Yan worked hard and worked hard, but his diet was not heavy on meat. His wife only had enough food and clothing. He often recited to himself: "A scholar should worry about the worries of the world first, and rejoice in the happiness of the world later."
Translation
Fan Zhongyan lost his father when he was two years old, and his family was poor and helpless. according to. He had lofty ambitions when he was young and often washed his head and face with cold water. I often couldn't even eat, so I ate porridge and kept studying. After becoming an official, he often talked about world affairs without caring about his own life. So much so that some people were demoted for speaking ill of him, and were demoted from being the governor of Dengzhou to being the governor of Dengzhou. Fan Zhongyan trained himself hard and did not eat much meat. He only provided food and clothing for his wife and children by himself. He often recited two sentences from his works: "A scholar should worry before the world is worried, and be happy after the world is happy."
Reading training
1. Pronounce and explain the underlined words in the following sentences.
① Eat porridge and pronounce: Definition:
② Feed the noodles with water Pronunciation: Definition:
③ Not eating enough Pronunciation:
>④Even being slandered and derogatory: Meaning:
2. The correct translation of "Every person takes the world as his own responsibility" is ( )
A. Take world affairs as your own responsibility every day.
B． He often regards managing national affairs as his due responsibility.
C. He often regards world affairs as his own duty.
D. Take managing national affairs as your due responsibility every day.
3. The following sentences are translated into modern Chinese.
① Or when you are sleepy at night, you often feed yourself with water:
② Your wife only has enough food and clothing:
4. The layers of this text have been marked in the text. Please briefly summarize the meaning of the layers.
①
②
③
5. "Be worried about the world's worries first, and be happy after the world's happiness" is a famous sentence in "Yueyang Tower" written by Fan Zhongyan. Like that article, this sentence plays an important role in this article.
[Edit this paragraph] (4) Sima Guang was eager to learn, "Records of the Words and Deeds of Famous Officials in Three Dynasties"
Original text
When Sima Wen Gong was young, he asked questions about his troubles. If people live in groups and teach, all the brothers will finish reciting and stop wandering around; if they are alone, they will recite twice as many times as they can. Those who exert more force will achieve farther, and those who recite it carefully will never forget it throughout their lives. Wen Gong once said: "You can't fail to recite the book, either on horseback or when you are awake at night, and you will gain a lot by chanting its words and thinking about its meaning."
Translation
Sima When Guang was young, he worried that his ability to memorize poems and books in preparation for responses was not as good as others. Everyone studied and discussed together. The other brothers had already learned how to recite and went to play and rest. (Sima Guangque) studied hard alone, as focused and hard as Dong Zhongshu and Confucius when they were studying, until they could recite skillfully. (Because) The more effort you put into reading now, the more lasting the rewards will be. The books he has read and recited intensively will be remembered throughout his life. Sima Guang once said: "You cannot read without memorizing. When riding a horse or walking, or when you can't sleep in the middle of the night, recite the article you have read and think about its meaning, and you will gain a lot!"
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
① Asking questions about suffering is not as good as others ② If you can recite it twice, it will stop
③ If you can recite it twice, it will stop ④ Chant its poem
2. One item that is different from the usage of "double" in "If you can recite it twice is to stop" is ( )
A. Only humiliated at the hands of slaves B. Talent and beauty are not visible
C. All the guests who were seated stretched their necks and looked sideways D. There is a good ventriloquist in Beijing
3. The sentence that summarizes the main idea in this article is: ( )
A. The one who exerts more force will get farther.
B． What he masters is something he will never forget.
C. The book must be recited.
D. If you chant its words and think about its meaning, you will gain a lot.
4． In the article, "The curtain is drawn alone and the compilation is completed" means that only Sima Guang studied hard on his own. We have learned a similar idiom that also describes diligent study. This idiom is
[Edit this paragraph] (5) Ouyang Xiu studied "Ouyang Gong's Deeds"
Original text
Ouyang Gong was orphaned at the age of four, and his family was poor and had no resources. The lady painted the ground with grass and taught calligraphy. Recite more ancient passages. It was a little longer, and there was no book to read at home, so the scholars in Luli borrowed it to read it, or copied it. So much so that he forgets to sleep and eat day and night, only reading is his main task. He has written poems and texts since he was a child, and he has written like an adult.
Translation
Mr. Ouyang Xiu's father passed away when he was four years old. His family was poor and had no money for him to study. The wife used reed stalks to draw pictures on the sand and taught him to write. He also taught him to recite many passages from ancient times. When he got older and there were no books to read at home, he would go to nearby scholars' homes to borrow books and read them, and sometimes copy them. In this way, I worked day and night, forgetting to eat and sleep, just studying. From my childhood poems and poems, my writing has reached an adult level, which is so high.
Reading training
1. The meaning of "book" in "teaching the written word" in the article is the same as the word "book" in which of the following sentences? ( )
A. The soldier bought a fish and cooked it, and found a book in the belly of the fish, so he thought it was strange.
B． However, Yu's official letter is not similar to Zhang's stingy letter.
C. One man arrived with a letter, and the other two men died in battle.
D. It was written in pills on silk and read "King Chen Sheng", and he placed it in the belly of a fish.
2. Translate sentences.
① Ouyang Xiu was orphaned at the age of four. Translation:
②Reading is the only thing. Translation:
3. As far as this article is concerned, Ouyang Xiu’s spirit that we should learn from is:
4. Ouyang Xiu's success, in addition to his own efforts, is another reason that promoted his growth
[Edit this paragraph] (6) Wang Miansengsi read "Collected Works of Song Scholars" at night
Original text
Those who are crowned kings are from Zhuji. When he was seven or eight years old, his father ordered him to herd cattle on the mountain, sneak into the school building, and listen to the students reciting books. After listening, he memorized them silently. When he returned home in the evening, he forgot his cow, and his father was angry and bitten him. It's back to its original state. The mother said, "You are so crazy, why won't you listen to what you do?" Mian Yin left and lived in a monk's temple. At night, he went out and sat on the Buddha's lap, held the plan and illuminated the long-lit lamp, and read it, and it was so clear that the whole day was over. There are many earthen idols in the Buddha statues, they are ferocious and frightening, and they are as calm as if they don't know how to look at them.
Translation
Wang Mian is from Zhuji County. When he was seven or eight years old, his father asked him to herd cattle on the field. He secretly ran into the school to listen to the students reading. After listening to it, I always remember it silently. When he returned home in the evening, he forgot all about the cattle grazing. Wang Mian's father was furious and beat Wang Mian. Afterwards, he was still like this. His mother said: "This child wants to study so much, why not let him do it?" Wang Mian therefore left home and stayed in a temple. As soon as night came, he would quietly come out and sit on the lap of the Buddha statue. He held a book in his hand and read under the light of the lantern in front of the Buddha statue. The sound of the book continued until dawn. Most of the Buddha statues are made of clay, and their faces are ferocious and scary. Although Wang Mian was a child, his expression was calm, as if he had not seen anything.
Reading training
1. Combined with the meaning of the text, explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
①Sneaking into the school ②Remembering silently
③The child is so crazy ④Tianruo disappears
2. One thing that is different from the usage of "混" in "曷不不要不不事事" is ( )
A. Only the bones are left B. Sitting full of silence C. Sitting on Buddha's lap D． The cute one is very cute
3. The item with the same usage of the word "yi" in "Yisengsi Yili" is ( )
A. Either thinking of death or thinking of death B. People must be divided
C. It belongs to me to write down to remember it D． Split the wolf's head with a knife
5. It can be seen from this article that the fundamental reason why Wang Mian later became a famous painter and poet is that
[Edit this paragraph] (7) Zhang Wugu diligently studied "Helin Jade Dew"
Original text
Zhang Wugu was relegated to Hengpu and lived in Baojie Temple in the west of the city. His dormitory has a short window, and he holds a book under the window every day and reads in full view. This is fourteen years. Returning from the north, there are traces of the double folds on the stone under the window, which still remain to this day.
Translation
Zhang Jiucheng was demoted to Hengpu and lived in Jie Temple in the west of the city.
The room he lived in had a short window. Every day at dawn, he would always stand under the window with a book and read in the faint morning light. This has been going on for fourteen years. When he returned to the north, the traces of his feet were still faintly visible on the stone under the window.
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
①Zhang Wugu was banished to Hengpu ②Every day he was so happy that he would often hold a book under the window
③Read clearly ④Like this for fourteen years
2. Translate the underlined sentences.
Translation:
3. Choose one of the following sentences that has the same usage and meaning of the punctuated words ( )
It is a horse, although it can run a thousand miles, it is like earth and stone
A B
< p> If this is the case, the bedroom in the fourteenth year has a short window4. This story describes Zhang Jiucheng's diligent study. "Genius comes from diligence" This is a truth summarized by ancient and modern scholars through practice. Please cite a few examples of this aspect from ancient and modern times at home and abroad
[Edit this paragraph] (8) Send a preface to Dongyang Ma Sheng ( Excerpt) Song Lian
Original text
I was addicted to learning when I was young, and my family was poor, so I had no way to write books and make insights. Every time I borrowed it from a book collector, I wrote it down by hand and counted the days to return it. The weather is extremely cold, the inkstone is hard, and the fingers cannot be flexed or extended, so do not be lazy. After recording, I went to see him off, not daring to exceed the appointment. Therefore, many people spend their spare time reading books, and I have to read all kinds of books.
Not only are they crowned with admiration for the teachings of saints and saints, but they are also worried about not having great teachers, famous people, and travellers. The first Dade Long Wangzun, his disciples and disciples filled his room, and his words did not even drop. Yu Li waited on the left and right, asking questions and reasoning, leaning down to ask for help; or when he was yelling at someone, he would become more respectful and courteous, not daring to say a word; when he was pleased, he would ask again. Therefore, although I am stupid, I may have heard something.
Translation
When I was young, I loved reading. Because my family was poor and I couldn’t buy books to read, I often borrowed books from people who collected them, copied them with my own hands, and counted the appointed days. Return it on time. When the weather was cold, the inkstone formed solid ice and my fingers could not bend or stretch. I still insisted on copying and did not dare to be lazy at all. After copying, send it to others immediately, and never dare to exceed the agreed deadline. Therefore, others were willing to lend me books, so I was able to read many books.
When I reached adulthood, I envied moral and knowledgeable people even more, but I was afraid that there would be no masters or celebrities to enlighten me. I once ran hundreds of miles away and took scriptures to consult local moral and knowledgeable seniors. The ancestor was a highly respected person, and the room was packed with students, but his manner of speaking never showed any politeness. I (respectfully) stood and waited on my ancestors, asking him questions and asking questions. I bent down and listened intently to ask for advice. Sometimes when I was scolded, my attitude became more respectful and polite, and I did not dare to answer a word. ; Wait until he is happy and ask him questions. So even though I was very stupid, I still gained knowledge and increased my knowledge.
Reading training
1. The following usage of "with" is different from the other three items in ( )
A. There is no way to write a book to observe B. Counting days to pay back C． Therefore, there are so many people that they can only take a break from studying D. Lean over and listen to the invitation
2. Translate the following sentences:
① So many people have spare time to study.
②As soon as he is happy, please ask again.
3. Answer the following questions.
①What is the reason for "Yu Yinde read all the books"?
②What is the reason for "Although I am stupid, I still have something to learn"?
4． What kind of spirit does this short article praise Song Lian?
Answer:
[Edit this paragraph] (9) Shi Kuang’s Theory of Learning
Original text
Duke Ping of Jin asked Yu Shi Kuang: : "I am seventy years old and want to learn, but I am afraid it is already twilight." Shi Kuang said: "Why not Bingzhu?"
Ping Gong said: "How can you be a minister and play with your king?"< /p>
Shi Kuang said: "How dare you, a blind minister, to play tricks on your emperor? I heard that: when you are young, you are eager to learn, like the rising sun; when you are strong, you are eager to learn, like the light of the sun; when you are old, you are eager to learn, like a candle. "Which one is ignorant?"
Ping Gong said: "How good!"
Translation
Ping Gong of Jin asked Shi Kuang, "I have already I am seventy years old and want to learn from the Lord, but I am afraid it is too late."
Shi Kuang replied, "Why don't you light a candle?"
Ping Gong said, "Why?" Is there any minister who jokes with the monarch?"
Shi Kuang said: "I am blind, how can I dare to tease the monarch? I once heard that when I was young, I liked to study, just like. Like the rising sun; in middle age, one likes to study, just like the noon sun; in old age, one likes to study, just as bright as a candle. Which is better, lighting a candle or walking in the dark? ”
Ping Gong said: "Well said!"
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
① Duke Ping of Jin asked Yu Shikuang, ② How dare I dare to play tricks on my king
③Who is doing this with ignorance? ④Why not burn the candle?
2. In the article, Shi Kuang used three metaphors to illustrate what principle?
Answer:
[Edit this paragraph] (10) "History of the Song Dynasty" by Cheng Menlixue
Original text
Yang Shijian Cheng Yi Yuluo. At that time Gai was forty years old. One day I saw Yi, Yi was sitting quietly, but he and You Ye stood there and couldn't leave. When Yi realized it, the snow outside the door was one foot deep.
Translation
Yang Shi went to Luoyang to ask for an audience with Cheng Yi. Yang Shi was probably forty years old at that time. One day when visiting Cheng Yi, Cheng Yi occasionally sat down and dozed off. Yang Shi and You Ye stood outside the door and waited without leaving. When Cheng Yi woke up, the snow outside was already more than a foot thick.
Reading training
1. Explain the dotted words in the sentence.
At that time, I stayed with You Zuo and refused to leave. Yi Jijue
2. What inspiration did you get from the article?
Answer:
[Edit this paragraph] (11) Chisel the wall to borrow light from "Miscellaneous Notes on Xijing"
Original text
Kuang Heng Qinxue As for the candle, if the neighbor had a candle but didn't catch it, Heng would put it through the wall to draw its light, and then write a book to reflect the light and read. The people in the town were illiterate and their family was rich and well-educated. Heng worked as a servant without asking for compensation. The master asked Heng strangely, and Heng said, "I would like to have the master's books and read them all over." The master sighed and gave him the books, and then he established a university.
Translation
Kuang Heng was diligent and studious, but there was no candle lighting at home. There were candles in the neighbor's house, but the light couldn't shine into his home, so Kuang Heng cut a hole in the wall to attract the light from the neighbor's house, so that the light could shine on the books for reading. There was a rich man named Wen Bu Shi from a wealthy family in his hometown. He was a rich man and had many books at home. Kuang Heng went to his house to work as a hired worker without any reward. The master felt very strange and asked him why he was like this. He said, "I hope I can get your book and read it through." After hearing this, the master sighed deeply and lent him the book to read. So Kuang Heng became a great scholar.
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
① The neighbor had a candle but he didn't catch it ② Heng was his servant
③ He was given a book ④ It became a university
2. Translate the following sentences.
/p>
Translation:
3. The item that is the same as the usage of the word "Yi" in the sentence "Zigui Yishu" is ( )
A. What can be gained by observing people's demeanor as a husband? B． Don’t be happy with things, don’t be sad with yourself
C. Why fight D. People must be divided
4. An idiom from this story is, literally, this idiom means
, now use this idiom to describe
(answer with a four-character phrase)
< p>[Edit this paragraph] (12) Seven records of "History of the Ming Dynasty·Biography of Zhang Pu"Original text
Pu was eager to learn from a young age. , that is, burn it, and then banknote it. This has been the case since six or seven. When the right hand holds the tube, the palms of the fingers become cocoons. In the winter, my hands were boiled several times, and the book was later named "Qilu".
Repeated six or seven times before stopping. There are calluses on the palm of his right hand where he holds the pen. In winter, his fingers were frozen and cracked, and he had to wash them in hot water several times a day. Later, he named the room where he studied "Qilu".
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
① What you read must be paid by hand ② It has been like this for six or seven years
③ Riwotang several times ④ Later named the study studio...
2 ． The ones with the same meaning as "Ji" in "This is the beginning of six bags" are ( )
A. It can be a big wind, a fistula, or a fistula B. The note has been recited
C． Can't help myself D. Bian Que has fled Qin
3. Translate sentences.
① This has been the case since the sixth or seventh year
Translation:
② The posthumous name of this study is called "Qilu"
Translation:
4． Which one of the correct judgments on the meaning of the dotted words in the following sentences is ( )
①The post-name Dushu Zhai said: "Qilu" ②Who is named?
③Can't Name a place ④ If the mountain is not high, it will be named if there are immortals
A. ① is the same as ②, ③ is also the same as ④ B. ① is not the same as ②, and ③ is not the same as ④.
C. ① is the same as ②, ③ is not the same as ④ D. ① is different from ②, ③ is the same as ④
5. Zhang Pu.
The reason why he became a famous scholar and writer in the late Ming Dynasty can be seen from the article that he has been learning since childhood
(fill in the four-character phrase), practicing basic skills hard, and thus developed excellent kung fu. It can be seen that "
"(Answer with a famous quote)
[Edit this paragraph] (13) Learning Yi
Original text
Yi Qiu, The good game of the whole country is also. Let Yiqiu insult two people to play, one of them concentrates on it, but Yiqiu listens; although the other listens, he thinks that there is a swan approaching, and he wants to help him and shoots it with his bow. Even though I have learned from him, I am not as good as him. Why is he so wise? I said: Not so.
Translation
Yi Qiu is the best chess player in the country. He was asked to teach two people to play chess. One of them concentrated on listening to Yi Qiu's teachings. Although the other person was listening, he always thought that a swan was about to fly over and wanted to shoot it with a bow and arrow. In this way, although he studied with the previous person, he did not learn as well as the previous person. Can we say that this is because his intelligence is not as good as the previous one? I said: That's not the case.
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
① Let Yi Qiu teach two people to play ② It is not the case
③ Think of the aid and shoot it with the bow ④ This is because he is smarter than others
2 ． The following sentence is different from the sentence pattern of "Yi Qiu, the best chess player in the country" is ( )
A. Husband fights with courage B. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower
C. What’s more, it’s unfair to you D. Lotus, the gentleman of flowers
3. Translation: Wei Yi Qiu is listening
Translation:
4. In this article, through the trivial matter of learning chess, what truth does the author intend to illustrate?
Answer:
[Edit this paragraph] (14) Li Sheng on good scholars
Original text
Wang Sheng was eager to learn but could not Law. His friend Li Sheng asked: "Do you believe that you are not good at learning?" Wang Sheng did not say, but said: "I can fully understand what the teacher has said. Isn't he also good at learning?" Li Sheng said. "Confucius said, 'Learning without thinking means nothing'. Learning is worth thinking well. If you aspire to it without thinking about it, you will eventually achieve nothing. What do you mean by good learning?" Wang Sheng was stunned and responded. Walk. After staying for five days, Li Sheng went to find Wang Sheng and told him: "A good scholar is not ashamed to ask, what should be wrong with a good person? The biggest taboo of a scholar is to be self-loathing, and why should he change it? Otherwise, his years will be wasted. "Although I want to change my mind, I'm afraid I can't do it." Wang Sheng was shocked and said, "I'm not aware of the goodness of your words today. Please sit down on your right and show your kindness."
Translation
Wang Sheng loves learning but cannot learn the law. His friend Li Sheng asked him: "Some people say that you are not good at learning. Is it true?" Wang Sheng was unhappy and said: "I can remember everything the teacher said. Isn't this also good at learning?" Li Sheng advised him: "Confucius said, 'Study, but don't think, and you will feel confused.' The most important thing in learning is to be good at thinking. If you just remember the knowledge taught by the teacher, but don't think about it, you will definitely not achieve anything in the end." , On what basis do you say you are good at learning?" Wang Sheng became even more angry, ignored Li Sheng, turned around and ran away. Five days later, Li Sheng went to Wang Sheng and told him: "Those who are good at learning do not consider it a shame to ask for advice from those with lower status than themselves. They choose the best person and follow him, hoping to hear the truth!" Before I finished speaking, your expression changed and you almost refused to accept others. What is the (attitude) that people who are good at learning should have? The biggest taboo of people who learn is not to be satisfied with themselves. Why don't you correct it? If you don't correct it, you will waste time when you get older. Even if you want to correct yourself, it may be too late." After hearing what he said, Wang Sheng was shocked, woke up, and apologized: "I really do. Not smart, I realized you were right today. I take your words as a motto to show clear warning."
Reading training
1. Add the dotted Li phonetic pronunciation in the following sentences and explain it.
①I know the pronunciation and meaning of Nengzhi
②Li Sheng said it is pronunciation and meaning
③Return to the pronunciation and meaning instead of responding
④訨 Age has been wasted. Sound and meaning
2. One item that is different from the usage of "die" in "Hequ Zhisou died in response" is ( )
A. Wang Sheng doesn’t say B. What is the meaning of change? C． I know what I can do D. Talent and beauty are not visible
3. Translate the following sentence
"A good scholar is not ashamed to ask questions, choose the good and follow it, hoping to hear the Tao."
Translation:
4. Choose the one that has the same meaning as the word "gu" in the sentence "Li Sheng died and found Wang Sheng" ( )
A. The public asked why B. Guang Gu said several words and wanted to die C. Therefore, it is said D． Marquis Huan asked people to ask about it
5. What does Li Sheng think is a "good scholar"? (Answer in the original text)
Answer:
[Edit this paragraph] (15) Question about "The Collected Works of Meng Tu"
Original text
< p> A gentleman must be willing to ask questions when learning. Asking and learning complement each other. Without learning, there will be no doubts. Without asking, there will be no broad knowledge. If you are eager to learn but not diligent in asking questions, you are not really a good scholar.The reason is clear, but it may not be enough to understand the matter. It is obvious that it is big, but it may be ignorant of its details. How can it be ridiculed without asking?
Translation
A knowledgeable person must like to ask questions and ask others for advice. Asking and learning are complementary to each other. Without studying and studying, it is impossible to find problems, and without asking questions and asking for advice, you cannot expand your knowledge. Someone who just likes to learn but is unwilling to ask others for advice from time to time is not considered a person who truly loves to learn. Even if you understand the principle, you may not be able to apply it in practice. Even if you understand the main things, you may not understand its details. So besides asking others for advice, where can you deduce and solve it?
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
① Without learning, there is no doubt ② It may not be achieved
③ Without asking, there is no broad knowledge ④ If you don’t ask, it will be ridiculous
2 ． The dotted "er" in the following sentences has the same usage as the "er" in "Love to learn but not diligent in asking" is ( )
A. The wine that contains the heart is also B. However, you can use it as bait
C. People don’t know and are not surprised D． Living facing the mountains
3. Translation: "Questioning and learning complement each other."
Translation:
4. Summarize the central argument of this article in your own words. (No more than 10 words)
Answer:
[Edit this paragraph] (16) Teaching and Learning (Excerpt) "Notes"
Original text
Although there are good delicacies, you cannot eat them without knowing their purpose; although there are great ways, you cannot learn them and do not know their goodness. This is why after learning, one realizes one’s shortcomings, and after teaching, one realizes one’s difficulties. If you know your shortcomings, you can then reflect on yourself; if you know your difficulties, you can then strengthen yourself. Therefore, it is said: Teaching and learning are mutually reinforcing.
Translation
Even if there is delicious cooked food, if you don’t eat it, you won’t know its taste; even if there is the best truth, if you don’t learn it, you won’t know its benefits. Therefore, after learning, you will know your own shortcomings, and after teaching, you will know that you do not understand clearly. Once you know what you are lacking, you can then study hard on your own. Therefore: teaching and learning promote each other.
Reading training
1. For the underlined words in the following sentences, give the phonetic notation in ( ) and the definition on the horizontal line.
①Buddha does not know its purpose ( ) ② Teaching and learning ( )
③Although there is a perfect way ( ) ④ Knowing the difficulties, then you can strengthen yourself ( )
2. Translate sentences.
① After learning, you will know your shortcomings; after teaching, you will know your difficulties.
Translation:
Therefore, it is said: Teaching and learning
②Translation:
p>
3. "Teaching and Learning" focuses on the relationship between teaching and learning and explains the principle of teaching and learning.
4． (Fill in the blanks with the original text) This article first uses " " as a comparison and then introduces "
", and then explains it from the two aspects of teaching and learning, and finally comes to the conclusion of " ".
[Edit this paragraph] (17) Sun Quan encouraged students to study "Zizhi Tongjian"
Original text
At the beginning, Quan said to Lu Meng: "Your Majesty, now When you are in charge, you must learn! "There are many things in the Israeli army." Quan said: "Why do I want you to study the classics and become a doctor? But when you dabble in it and see the past, you talk about many things, who is so lonely? Reading alone is of great benefit." Meng Nai began to study. When Lu Su passed by Xunyang, he discussed with Meng, and he was shocked and said: "The talent you have now is not as good as returning to Wu Xia Amen!" Meng said: "We have been apart for three days, even if we treat each other with admiration, why did my elder brother see what happened so late? Huh!" Su then paid homage to Meng's mother and left as friends.
Translation
At first, Sun Quan said to Lu Meng: "You are now holding an important position, so you have to study!" Lu Meng declined on the excuse that there were many affairs in the army. Sun Quan said: "Should I Do you want to study classics and become a doctor? Just read widely and see what happened in the past. You said there are many things to do, how can you compare with me? I often read and feel that I have gained a lot. "So Lü Meng began to study. When Lu Su passed by Xunyang, he and Lü Meng discussed military affairs. He was very surprised and said: "Your current talents and strategies are no longer the same as Amen of Wu! "Lu Meng said: "Students should look at each other again after being separated for three days. Why do most people change their views so late? " Lu Su then visited Lü Meng's mother and became friends with Lü Meng before saying goodbye.
Reading training
1. Choose one of the following sentences that uses the word "yi" differently. ( )
A. Resigning to the army B. Remaining in retirement C. Killing the wolf with a knife
2. , these two characters are: ,
3. Translate the sentence and write an idiom derived from it.
"Even if we treat each other with admiration after three days of separation, how could it be too late for my eldest brother to see what happened!"
Translation:
Idiom:
4. What does this article illustrate by narrating the story of Sun Quan advising Lu Meng to study hard?
Answer:
[Edit this paragraph] (18) Yan Hui was eager to learn "Historical Records"
Original text
Hui Year 20 Nine, the hair turns white and the fleas die. Confucius cried and said: "Since I have returned, my disciples will be better friends." Duke Ai of Lu asked: "Which of my disciples is eager to learn?" Confucius said to him: "Those who have the appearance to return are eager to learn, and they will not make mistakes if they do not vent their anger. Unfortunately, he died short-lived. , and now he will die."
Translation
Yan Hui was twenty-nine years old, his hair was all white, and he died prematurely. Confucius cried very sadly and said: "Since I had Yan Hui, the students (taking Yan Hui as an example) have become closer to me." Duke Ai of Lu asked (Confucius): "Who is the best among (your) students?" ?" Confucius replied: "There was a man named Yan Hui who was the most imitative. (He) never took out his temper on others and never made the same mistakes again. Unfortunately, he died young. There is no one like Yan Hui now. Such a studious person)”
Reading training
1. Point out the missing words in the following sentences.
①When the hair turns white, the fleas will die ②Now they will also die
2. Explain the underlined words in the following sentences.
①Confucius cried in mourning ②The disciples are closer to each other
③Who among the disciples is eager to learn? ④Never make the same mistakes
3. Translate the following sentences.
"Don't show off your anger and never make mistakes."
Translation:
4. In what specific aspects does Yan Hui's studiousness manifest itself? (Answer in the original text)
Answer:
[Edit this paragraph] (19) Bing Yuan's Cryptozoology "Chutan Collection"
Original text
Bingyuan Shaogu, when he was several years old, passed the bookstore and cried. The teacher said: "Why do you cry, boy?" The original saying is: "The orphan is easy to be hurt, and the poor is easy to be affected. Those who write books have relatives when they are scholars. One is to hope that they are not alone, and the other is to envy them to learn. The center I feel sad, so I cry." The teacher said sadly: "I want to write a book!" The original saying is: "I have no money." The teacher said: "The boy is ambitious, I will teach you, and I don't ask for money." So he wrote. . During the winter, I recited "The Classic of Filial Piety" and "The Analects of Confucius".
Translation
Bingyuan lost his father when he was young. When he was a few years old, he passed by a book school and couldn't help crying (hearing the sound of books). The teacher at the book school asked him: : "Why do children cry?" Bing Yuan replied: "Orphans are prone to sadness, and poor people are prone to sentimentality. Those who study, and those who can learn, must be children with parents. I envy them that they are not alone. Secondly, I envy them for being able to go to school. I feel sad and cry because of this. The teacher pities Yu and says, "You can come if you want to study!" "Bing Yuan entered school and studied extremely hard. In one winter, he became familiar with "The Classic of Filial Piety" and "The Analects of Confucius".