And Chi are both doctors who protect our country and defend our country. Confucius commented on both, saying that history books are really straight! How straight, how direct? Like an arrow, everything goes straight out like an arrow.
Confucius commented on being late, saying that being late is a true gentleman and the country has a way, so he came out to be an official. The country has no choice but to "roll it up." "Roll" means put away, "pregnant" means hide. Great technique. Put it away and hide it.
Who did Confucius approve of? Of course, I agree with Ji. Shi Yu was honest enough to put Wei Linggong on the stage when he died. Fortunately, Wei Linggong has a conscience, and he is still a good man. If you really meet a tyrant and become angry from embarrassment, it may bring trouble to the whole family. The annotation quoted by Zhu said: "The history of fish is straight, but it is not a gentleman's way. If you are Mi Apollo, then you can avoid troubled times. If the fish of history is an arrow, although it wants to be rolled up, it cannot be obtained. " As you can see, they all disapprove of Shi Yu.
Speaking at night, realizing dreams, the writer's speech grows seven times faster, and the more he pays, the more he gains.
Dear comrades, it's half past six again. We still insist on studying the Analects of Confucius as always.
As usual, let's review what we learned yesterday. The Analects of Confucius 15 Wei Linggong chapter 5.
Zhang Zi asked a sentence. Confucius said, "You must keep your word and respect your deeds. Although you are quite a country, you can do it. Is it true that you are disloyal and disrespectful, although you are in a state? Stand, then see its participation in the former also; In Yu, you can see that it depends on balance. The husband went. " Lord Zhang Zishu.
What do you mean? In other words, Zhang Zi asked his teacher Kong how to work and eat in this society. Or how can you live up to your mission if you go as a special envoy?
Then Confucius said, very simply, a gentleman should cultivate himself, start with words and deeds, keep his word and act with results. You can be faithful and respectful, even if you go to a wild country, wild refers to ethnic minorities and southerners, ethnic minorities in the south are called wild, and ethnic minorities in the northeast are called barbaric, that is to say, even if you go to these ethnic minority areas.
What is the implication? That is, those places where people's wisdom is not developed are still in a relatively primitive state, unlike our Central Plains, which has a high degree of civilization and knows etiquette or is so particular about it. But even in those uncivilized areas, you can still work and take it easy.
If you can't be loyal and respectful to yourself. Then even in the state, you can't work. "In the state", there are five neighbors, five neighbors and twenty-five, and two thousand five hundred are states, which means your family and your unit. You can't eat in a bigger or smaller place, and neither can you.
So always remember this creed and stand as if it is opposite you. What if you take a bus? It's like carving it on the railing of a car. Always remember to spur and remind yourself whether you will keep your word and do what you want.
After listening, Zhang Zi wrote this sentence on his belt for reading at any time, just as we use these famous maxims as our motto or as a screen saver of our mobile phone to remind ourselves whether we have done it or not.
Well, after a brief review of yesterday's content, we will focus on a new chapter today.
This chapter is about Confucius' evaluation of two doctors who defend their country. The two doctors have completely different styles, one is straight, and the other is to preserve our sanity. Who does Confucius like better? In other words, what is to preserve our sanity? Is there any other choice but to preserve our sanity? Let's study hard together through this chapter.
Read the original text first.
Confucius said, "It's a historical fish! State Youdao, such as vector; The country has no way, such as an arrow. Gentleman is discipline! If the country has a way, it will be an official; If the country has no way, it can be rolled up. "
First of all, I want to introduce someone. I believe everyone knows that Chi is a very famous gentleman and has a very good relationship with Confucius. When Confucius went to defend the country, he spent most of his time in Guo's home. They are both modest gentlemen and appreciate each other.
The other person is Shi Yu, who belongs to a relatively straightforward person. No matter what the conditions, he speaks like an arrow and will not change because of different circumstances.
How to be a man? That is, the national road is good, the national environment is good, the politics is clear, the leaders are clear-headed and tolerant. At this time, he spoke more directly, like an arrow. When the country has no choice, politics is unclear and leaders' minds are unclear. At this time, he is still in the air.
No matter what happens, Shi Yu will keep this role, even if he dies.
How to express it? There is a famous idiom called "remonstrate the corpse of a historical fish".
When he died, he said to his son, "Chi is a saint. I have recommended him to the monarch many times, but the monarch still doesn't need him. Zixia Mi is a mean man. I have repeatedly advised the monarch to alienate him, but he still won't listen.
As a minister of state, you can't go in when you see good people, and you can't retreat when you see bad people. You are not qualified to put the mourning hall in the purlin after death. If you put my body by the window, it will be a gift. "
As we all know, China people pay attention to filial piety, and Shi Yu's son must obey his father's last words when he died. It's a very famous doctor in Wei, and according to etiquette, as a monarch, he should also pay his respects.
When I came, I was surprised to see Shiyu's body in the window and said, You are such an asshole. How can you be so rude to your father?
Shi Yu's son had to tell Wei Linggong what Shi Yu said to himself before he died.
Hearing this, Wei Linggong was deeply moved. He immediately ordered Shiyu's son to put Shiyu's body in the purlin and follow the normal rules. He immediately reused the pool and alienated.
Then who's Zixia Mi? We've talked before, and I'll tell you again. Zixia Mi is Toy Boy of Wei Linggong, and Wei Linggong is bisexual. He loves Nanzi deeply and is gay at the same time.
Who is gay with? There are two people, one is Chao, the son of Song Dynasty, and the other is Chao.
He and Zixia Mi had a story of parting from peaches, that is, one day Zixia Mi and Wei Linggong went out to play together. In Taoyuanzi, Zixia Mi ate a peach and ate half of it. When Wei Linggong was crossed, he ate the other half. Two people shared a peach, which shows that the relationship is close.
Just like we say now that a couple eat the same thing, you bite me.
As far as Confucius' attitude is concerned, he still appreciates it, saying that he is a straight man, but he appreciates it later than another person.
Then why? Think about it. Although Wei Linggong is not a clever man, he is very tolerant of others. During his reign, he was able to appoint capable ministers such as Zhi, Zhu and others. , almost as Wei Linggong was able to dominate in the Spring and Autumn Period.
If Wei Linggong is intolerant, fishing in history will be dangerous.
Think about it, Gambi of Shang Dynasty, knowing that Zhou Wang was fatuous, went straight to remonstrate. What was the result? I was cut out of my heart and died.
Fan Zhongyan of the Song Dynasty remonstrated many times. Of course, as an official, he has this responsibility. It is actually very dangerous to be admonished and demoted many times.
Let's talk about the second person, that is, Ji. It says here that he is a gentleman, so what's the difference between Ji and him? Chi is a country that has the way to be an official. The country is on the right path, then I will come out as an official and make good contributions to the country and the people. However, there is no way for the country, and the national government is unclear. I can't stand here, so I won't try. Speak straight like a fish in history, because it is easy to die.
I can't agree. The person near the ink is black. I like him. That's not the wind of a gentleman.
So what should we do? "Roll it and conceive it." That is to say, I roll myself up like a painting and hide myself without saying a word, which poses no threat to anyone, just like it doesn't exist, waiting for the weather, and then coming out to continue playing my role when the time is right.
Who did Confucius approve of? Obviously, Confucius is in favor of Guo, and thinks that people like Guo are real gentlemen. Then Ji is a gentleman here, and what he takes is to preserve our sanity.
Is it good or bad to keep yourself sane? Some people think it unwise to keep healthy. Of course, some people think it's good, but is it good? This is the difference in values.
Let's take a look at the Confucian way to preserve our sanity. It has six articles, which six?
1. Physically tortured parents, parents here, should be filial, can't fight with you and put their lives in it. Who will be filial for me?
Do you remember a story we told before? At the beginning of the war, the man often backed off as if he were afraid of death. Later, he was brave. Why? It is because of his mother's existence that he wants to be filial to her. When he died, no one was filial to his mother. This is called unfilial.
His mother is dead, so is he, and there is nothing on his mind. He began to fight bravely and finally died in battle.
Family is more important than country. Family comes first, country comes last, and family can't be involved.
As we all know, Fang Xiaoru became the founder of Judy because of hard work. As a result, his family, his relatives and friends, his students and ten families were all wiped out, and the lesson was very painful.
The world is always alternating in chaos, which cannot be changed by one person's efforts. Chaos, chest rolling, waiting for the opportunity.
Rainbow Yangming was almost killed when Wu Zong was in power. Later he realized that he had to save himself first. Finally, the opportunity came. Gangs are rampant in Jiangxi, and the country can't bear it. He must be activated. Ning Wang Zhu rebelled, so he must be invited. When he shows his talent, he will show his talent.
The key bottom line of wisdom is not to go along with others. This is very important. If you want to mess around, I may not be able to stop it, but I won't participate. I must stay away from pollution.
The original text of the Book of Songs: "Be wise to keep yourself safe, don't stay up late, take care of yourself." "Ming" means understanding the meaning of things, while "Zhe" means philosophy and rationality. You can distinguish between good and evil, distinguish between right and wrong, and ensure that your character is not polluted. As a subordinate of others, you should serve your boss diligently sooner or later. If the company's atmosphere is bad and everyone is muddling along, don't follow suit. You should be wise, not greedy or lazy. Crows in the world are generally black, so you should make sure that you can't be black.
Be respectful to the king, even if he is a bad guy, but the order of the monarch and his subjects cannot be changed. Don't kill him, wait until he passes, and the next king will say again.
This point, in the Doctrine of the Mean, sums up our wisdom of keeping in good health, saying: "It is because the former residence is not arrogant, not humble, and the state has a way, and its words are enough to prosper the country, but its country has no way, and its silence is enough." The poem says' protect your body wisely', which means' and! "
In the upper position, not proud in front of the next person; Second, do not object to superiors. The country has a way, and words can help the country. There is no way for the country to keep silent and protect itself.
6. One more thing. In the era of Confucius, it has not yet entered a unified country, nor is it a centralized country. When the country had no choice, Confucius had another choice. Let's go In fact, he has been walking. Where are you going? Go abroad and look for opportunities. At that time, many people used their talents in other countries. Such as Su Qin, Zhang Yi and Wu Zixu.
The above six items are Confucian standards for preserving our sanity. Here we can see that when the country has no choice, or the unit is in a mess, we have four choices:
What are the four options?
1. Go with the flow. ?
Everyone can make their own choices. He messed up, you messed up, he blacked out, he blacked out. Is this our gentleman's choice? Obviously not.
2. Protect yourself wisely.
Just like the pool, the country has a way to be an official, and the country has no way to get pregnant.
3. Resolutely die.
It's like fighting, even if you take out your heart, I will say what I should say, what I should do or what I should do.
4. resign and leave.
I won't leave you here, but I have my own place. I'm not needed here. I can't display my talents. I can look for new opportunities elsewhere. Everyone can make their own choices, not to mention others. Don't choose to echo others, scold others for being soft, and don't die, then you will be speechless. Behind this are values.
Just do what you think is important and bear the consequences.
Well, that's all for this chapter. To sum up briefly, both doctors in Weiguo are very good. One is a pool, and the other is a pool. Shi Yu is a straight man, and he is as straight as an arrow in any circumstances. Where is Ji Apollo? It's not. If the country has a way, it will be an official, and if it has no way, it will live in it.
Confucius believes that Guo is a gentleman and has the demeanor of a gentleman. No matter in the pool or in the pool, he met a good monarch named. Don't be punished for the worst advice, but also really know that you are extraordinary, so that they can all get their place.
We will continue to learn the next chapter at 6: 30 tomorrow morning.
Confucius said, "If you can talk to others without talking to them, you will lose others." Don't talk to it in words, it's rude. He who knows does not lose people or words. "
I'm talking about a very important language problem. Should I say it or not? How to be a wise man? No loss, no loss? At 6: 30 tomorrow morning, we will continue to gather here to study and discuss. Thank you for listening. See you tomorrow.