From the third chapter of Mencius Hui Liang Wang Shang.
King Hui of Liang said, "I am a country, and I devote myself to it. If Hanoi is fierce, it will move its people to Hedong and its millet to Hanoi. Hedong is also fierce. People who observe the politics of neighboring countries have no intention like me. There are not many people in neighboring countries, and there are not many people in my country. Why? "
Liang said: "I really dedicated myself to my country. When there was a famine in Hanoi, some people there were moved to Hedong and food was transported to Hanoi for relief. There is a famine in Hedong, and so do I. Looking at the government affairs of neighboring countries, no monarch can worry about the people like me. However, the population of neighboring countries has not decreased, nor has the population of Wei increased. What is the reason? "
Mencius said to him, "The king is belligerent. Please use the metaphor of war. Fill the drum, spear ③, and leave the armor. Or stop after a hundred steps, or stop after fifty steps. What if the pot is too black? "
Mencius replied, "Your Majesty likes fighting. Please let me compare it with war. Beating drums, the blades collide, (some soldiers) abandon their helmets and armor and drag their weapons to escape. Some escaped a hundred paces and stopped, while others escaped fifty paces and stopped. What if you laugh at those who have escaped a hundred steps just because you have only escaped fifty steps? "
He said, "No, it's not a hundred steps straight, it's also a walk."
Hui Wangdao: "No, it's just that the people behind can't escape a hundred steps. Is this also an escape? "
He said: "If Wang knows this, there is no hope that there will be more people in neighboring countries. If you don't go against the farming season, the valley can't take food; If you don't count, neither fish nor turtle can be eaten. Axe gold gets into the mountain in time, and mywood can't be used. Valley and fish turtles can't fight for food, and wood and wood can't fight for it, which makes people lose their lives and have no regrets. Keeping in good health and dying without regret is the beginning of kingly way.
Mencius said, "If your majesty knows this, he can't expect the people of Wei to outnumber his neighbors. Don't delay the people's farming season and can't finish eating food; If you don't put fine fishing nets into the pond for fishing, fish and turtles will never finish; If the forest is cut down in a certain season, the wood will not be used up. Food, fish and turtles can't be eaten up, and wood can't be used up, so people can raise children and do funerals without regrets. People have no regrets when they live, raise, die and mourn. This is the beginning of kingliness.
Five acres of houses, trees are mulberry, and fifty people can wear clothes and silks. Chickens, dolphins and dogs are all domestic animals, so there is no time to waste. Seventy people can eat meat. A hundred acres of land, if you don't seize the opportunity, a family of several can be hungry. I would like to teach you the order of filial piety, and those who win prizes should not be placed on the Tao. Seventy people eat meat, clothes and silk, and the Lebanese are neither hungry nor cold, but they are not kings and have nothing.
Five acres of land, all kinds of mulberry trees (in front of the house), fifty-year-old people can put on silk cotton-padded jackets. Domestic animals such as chickens, pigs and dogs do not miss the breeding season, and 70-year-olds can eat meat. A hundred acres of land, if you don't take away the farming season, a few people in a family can go hungry. Do a good job in school education, constantly instill filial piety and love for brothers in young people, so that white-haired old people don't have to carry things on their shoulders. Seventy-year-old people put on silk cotton-padded jackets to eat meat, and the people are not cold or hungry. If they can't unify the world like this, it will never happen.
Dogs eat people and don't know what to do, but they don't know what to do when they are hungry. When a person dies, saying' it's not me, it's age' is different from stabbing someone and killing someone and saying' it's not me, it's a soldier'. The king is innocent, and the people in the world are heavy. "
Pigs and dogs (now from wealthy families) are eating people's food, but they don't know how to stop it; There are starving bodies on the road, but I don't know how to open a warehouse for relief; When people starve to death, saying' it's not my responsibility, it's a bad harvest' is different from stabbing people and saying' I didn't kill them, I killed them with weapons'. Your Majesty, please don't blame the bad years, as long as the benevolent government is implemented, so that the people of the world will come to you. "
Note 1 Hanoi: It refers to Qinyang, Jiyuan and Bo 'ai areas in Henan Province, north of the Yellow River, which was the territory of Wei at that time. (2) Hedong: refers to the southwest of Shanxi Province east of the Yellow River, which was the territory of Wei State at that time. Soldier: Weapons. 4 Shuo g incarnation: dense net. W not pool: big pool. ⑤ Zhou Xu: A school established in ancient times. ⑥ (Pi O): People who starve to death.
2. The classical Chinese translation and explanation of Zeng Shen's murder 1. Expenses incurred in Ceng Zi in the past (location: place of residence). This refers to my hometown. )
2, weaving (self-confidence: self, nature. If, like ... self-sustaining: unchanged. Describe calm, calm and not flustered. )
3. Go over the wall (go: run. Go: Run, run. )
4. Translate "His mother was scared and jumped over the wall to kill herself" into modern Chinese: Zeng Shen's mother suddenly became nervous, hurriedly threw away the shuttle, lifted the ladder and climbed over the wall to escape.
The moral of this fable is to warn people to look at the problem with an analytical eye according to the exact factual materials, instead of believing some rumors easily.
However, even some untrue statements, if told by many people, will shake a loving mother's trust in her virtuous son. It can be seen that rumors without factual basis are terrible.
3. How to express "death" in classical Chinese? Express "death" in classical Chinese: collapse, landslide, sudden death, failure, death, death, death.
A valuable idiom describing human death;
Die a fair death, die a fair death, die immortal, die more than Mount Tai, live a righteous life, live a glorious life and mourn for it, and forget about it.
Two: the famous saying of facing death:
1. After his death, there was a great silence. What he said before his death was unremarkable and became a famous saying. -Bai Langning
2. Death may be free. -But it took a lifetime. -Manlius
The fear of death is more terrible than death. -sainz
4. Despising yourself, betraying yourself and denying your beliefs with death is the greatest punishment and the greatest sin in the world. I would rather bear the pain and disaster in the world than come to this. -romain rolland
5. Confucianism experienced the horror of many deaths before its death. Caesar
Third, the level
1. Collapse: When the emperor dies, it collapses, such as when the mountain collapses.
2. Hey: The prince is dead.
3, pawn: scholar-bureaucrat pawn.
4, non-Lu: Shi died non-Lu.
5. Death: Shu Ren died when he died.
Fourth, religion.
6. Death: Buddhist term referring to the death of monks and nuns.
7. Nirvana: Buddhist term, which refers to the imaginary realm beyond life and death, and is also a synonym for death (referring to Buddha or monk).
8. Hua Zuo: Buddhism refers to a monk sitting cross-legged and dying.
Five, taboo and modesty
9. One hundred years later: a euphemism for death.
10, see below: (written language) refers to the death of an elder, a euphemism. For example, when a child was born in June, a loving father saw his back. (Chen Qingbiao)
1 1、? The euphemism is death.
12, Tian: A superstitious person refers to the place where the deep Buddha immortal is located, and also as a graceful word, it refers to the death of a person.
13, death: a graceful word, calling people dead.
14, heaven: filling the gap: saying your own death is filling the gap. For example, although it is small, I am willing to trust it and not fill in the blank. Touch the dragon and talk about the queen Zhao.
Sixth, praise or blame
15, sacrifice: giving up one's life for justice.
16, dead: killed for a just cause.
17, see Yan Wang: refers to death, with derogatory meaning.
18, kick: (kick) means death (including humor)
19, death: refers to death (including humor)
20. Hell: refers to death or destruction. To hell with these pests.
2 1, Dying: Death (including ridicule or humor). For example, Yuan Shikai died a few days after he became emperor.
VII. Neutrality
22. Death: (written language).
23, sorrow: (written language) died before reaching adulthood.
24, premature death: dying as a minor, metaphorically speaking, things give up halfway.
25. death: death.
26. expired: stop breathing and die.
27, death: death, mostly used for people with high reputation and status.
28. Going to the Western Heaven: refers to the death of the king and refers to bad things.
29. Die of old age: die of old age and infirmity (different from disease and death).
30. Ascension to Heaven: Death (superstition)
3 1, natural death: refers to old age at home.
32. Next life: death.
33. sudden death: sudden death.
34. On my deathbed: Life is not long, and I am about to enter the coffin.
35. Yan Jia: In the monarchical era, the emperor was said to be dead.
4. What classical Chinese texts describe "people's moral corruption"? 1. Lyrics of Little People
Song Shaoyong
Little people have no knot, abandon their roots and chase after them.
I like thinking about it, and I think about it in anger.
Why should a gentleman be a villain (some behaviors)? Little people go as long as grass.
I hope you can all understand this truth and don't argue like this.
2. "Little people"
Song Shaoyong
Little people * * *, value profit over death.
Don't be afraid of others and don't care about things.
Little people * *, whose interests are more important than death, who is not afraid of being killed, but also afraid of being judged by others?
Step 3 make friends
Tang mengjiao
The casting mirror must be bronze, so it can be polished and polished. It is difficult for a villain to make friends with him.
Cast a mirror, learn from it and make friends with it. Can't shine on copper, many villains are right and wrong.
Comparing a bronze mirror to a gentleman and a bronze mirror to a villain means that you should make friends with people you can trust, be a gentleman and be a villain.
4. "Love the poor and the strong in winter, grow up sick and be a man".
Song luyou
The disaster in the Han Dynasty began with consorts and the chaos in the temples in the Tang Dynasty.
The villain's plan is selfish. He means something else.
The public or the public is afraid of this opportunity, and the river is closed in danger.
Is there no one outside the grass, holding the ambition of the world?
The curse of the Han Dynasty originated from the usurpation of power by consorts, and the curse of the Tang Dynasty originated from eunuchs. These little people are morally corrupt and endanger the court. His anti-gold suggestion was not adopted and was hit by the peace faction. I have left my post for a long time and lived in Shangrao and Lead Mountain in Jiangxi. In his later years, when Han Biaozhou was in power, he was once used and died soon. Pity that I live in this small room and have no ambition to serve my country.
5. "the life of a gentleman"
Tang hanyu
The wealth of a gentleman can be known four times ago, but the heart of a villain can't wait for cold and heat.
The interests are unchanged and the choices are uncertain. How can it make me worry and doubt?
A gentleman believes in fate and has a sense of four seasons, while a morally corrupt villain believes in opportunities and cannot deeply perceive the world of solar terms. Interests in life are common, and there is no certain standard between people's choices. How can I make my heart as beautiful as the bright moon and stay away from these doubts?
5. Ask for an article that satirizes others in classical Chinese, in which a monk serves tea (in classical Chinese).
Original: A monk in Lingyin Temple, named after tea, is good at playing with mortar. But a few teas are saved, and the guests always think they are ripe; Its top-class, non-distinguished guests and people who know the taste have services. One day, when a senior official arrived, the monk bowed very respectfully, took out good tea and cooked it himself, hoping to win praise. Your official is silent. Confused, the monk went in with the best cooking skills. The wine is exhausted, no praise. The monk bowed eagerly and said, "Where's the tea?" Your official held up a lamp and said, "It's very hot."
There is a monk in Lingyin Temple. He is famous for his tea ceremony and is proficient in tea sets. Moreover, his tea collection has several grades, and different teas are cooked for him according to the dignity of the guests. If he is not a noble person or a person who knows tea, the best tea will not be given to him. One day, a distinguished guest came, and the monk respectfully gave him good tea and made tea for him himself, waiting for the guest's praise. The distinguished guest remained silent. The monk was puzzled and took out the best tea for the guests. The tea is almost finished. The monk couldn't wait, so he bowed down and said, "What's the smell of this tea?" The distinguished guest held the teacup in his hand and said, "It's a little hot."
Ironically, flatterers and guests are uneducated.