Shandong is worthy of being the homeland of Qi and Lu, the hometown of Confucius and Mencius, and the blessed land where "a hundred schools of thought contend".

Walking among the famous mountains and rivers in Shandong, you can often read some couplets that describe the scenery, express emotions, or both. A few monosyllabic words - nouns, verbs, adjectives and quantifiers, once cleverly arranged and combined, produce the beauty of rhythm and rhythm, revealing the profound cultural heritage, making people unforgettable at first sight and sighing three times.

For example, "Surrounded by lotus and three by willows, one city is filled with mountains and half is a lake." This is an indelible memory from when I read "Lao Can's Travels" when I was a child. "One city with beautiful mountains" refers to Qianfo Mountain. From any angle in Jinan City, you can see its green mountains. "Hancheng Lake" is naturally Daming Lake. This large area of ??fragrant lotus flowers, green willows on the banks, and the splendid blue waves of famous springs such as Pearl, Black Tiger, Baotu, and Panchi is naturally the first place to visit for those who are visiting Jinan for the first time. I found this pair of couplets that I had long admired inside the round gate of Xiao Canglang Pavilion, and learned that its author was Liu Fenghao, the Shandong scholar envoy during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty. At that time, he was invited by a friend to come here to drink and enjoy the scenery. While the wine was intoxicating, he was so inspired by poetry that he blurted out this beautiful line. The calligrapher Tiebao who was following him immediately started writing. As a result, this couplet became the synonym for Jinan and became the The most popular song of all time.

When rafting on Daming Lake, it is natural to go to the island in the middle of the lake. The Lixia Pavilion on the island has an even older couplet: "This pavilion on the right side of the sea is ancient, and there are many famous people in Jinan." The author of this couplet is Du Fu, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty. In the fourth year of Tianbao (745 AD), he went to Linyi, Shandong Province to visit his younger brother Du Ying, and also visited Jinan. At that time, Li Yong, the governor of Beihai, hosted a banquet at Lixia Pavilion to welcome him. He impromptuly recited a five-character poem "Accompanying Li Beihai at the Lixia Pavilion" to express his gratitude. This couplet is the neck couplet in the poem. The existing couplets were written by He Shaoji, a great calligrapher during the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty. Such a good poem, paired with such good words, is a perfect match and complements each other.

It is said that Lixia Pavilion was built in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Back then, in Du Fu's eyes, it was already an "ancient" pavilion. Now, it is natural that the ancient pavilion has become more ancient. Although it has been renovated on the outside, it is deeply ancient. Sitting quietly in the pavilion, meditating in the wind, Du Fu's praise of "Jinan has many famous scholars" is not only for the flourishing literary style of Qilu's homeland before the Tang Dynasty, but it may also contain his expectation for the emergence of talents in Shandong after the Tang Dynasty. kind of prophecy. As expected, since the Tang Dynasty, writers such as Xin Qiji, Li Qingzhao, and Pu Songling have appeared here successively... Their literary talents have become the most convincing proof of Du's poetry.

The "Jiaxuan Temple" commemorating Xin Qiji is located on the south bank of Daming Lake. The couplet holding the pillars in front of the main hall was inscribed by Guo Moruo himself in 1959: "Iron plate and copper lute, follow the east slope and sing loudly as the great river goes eastward; the beautiful celery mourns the millet, and in the Southern Hebei Song Dynasty, do not follow the wild geese flying south." This couplet has neat contrasts. , majestic, and its first couplet highly praises Xin Qiji's literary achievements in following Su Dongpo and starting the bold style of poetry. His hearty pen and ink seem to be completed in one go. The second line of the couplet is full of gloom and desolation, fully demonstrating the sorrow and indignation of a hero whose ambition is unfulfilled. Reading silently and meditating, the sound of thunder from the raging waves of the Yangtze River, and the sound of fighting and shouting of warriors and horses can be heard in the distance.

After visiting Daming Lake, it’s natural to visit Thousand Buddha Mountain. Qianfo Mountain was called Li Mountain in ancient times. Legend has it that Emperor Shun once plowed fields on the mountain, so it is also called Shun Geng Mountain. Today, there is still the Shun Temple on the shoulder of the mountain. Inside the temple are taller-than-life statues of Emperor Shun, Emperor E, and Concubine Nv Ying. I saw another couplet at the ancestral gate: "The mountains look up and the scenery stops; the clouds are dim and misty." As soon as I saw this couplet, I immediately picked up my clothes and bowed deeply. Just because Shun, as an emperor, could personally cultivate his acres here, set an example for the people of the world. This is still crucial in China today, a country with 1.3 billion descendants, which regards agriculture as the basis of the national economy, but the area of ??arable land is decreasing day by day. How can we not worship Shun Temple? Next to the Shun Temple is the Xingguo Zen Temple. There is Thousand Buddha Cave Cliff in the temple. There are three natural caves on the cliff, Longquan Cave, Jile Cave and Qianlou Cave. There are more than 60 Buddha statues of various sizes inside, all built in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. The reason why ancient Mount Li was renamed Qianfo Mountain by later generations must be related to this. The buildings of Xingguo Zen Temple are scattered along the mountains and cliffs. On both sides of the temple gate, there is another stone-engraved couplet: "Drums in the evening and bells in the morning wake up the rich and famous in the world; the sound of the Buddha's name brings back the charming dreams of the sea of ??suffering.

"This couplet is intended to persuade the world, but what can really awaken the "famous and wealthy people in the world" does not seem to be the "twilight drums and morning bells" and the "sounding Buddha's name", but rather the rule of law and increased efforts to fight corruption and promote integrity.

< p>After leaving the Zen Temple, we walked up the stone path to the top of Qianfo Mountain. Looking around, we had a panoramic view of Jinan, the spring city, including the Daming Lake inside the city and the Yellow River outside the city. It was a wonderful sight. The long couplets, using the most colloquial and popular language, not only describe the great scenery in front of you, but also reveal a tasteful philosophy of life. You might as well record this and share it with readers to enjoy when you go out and have a look. On the picture screen inside, please look at some Buddhist monk towers, alternating with red maples and green cypresses, fiery red, snow-white, indigo green, and green green;

Think again after returning to Taiwan, thousands of years People in the country, looking back at the red gates and yellow pavilions, bordering the white houses, the famous ones compete for fame, the profitable ones compete for profits, the saints become more saintly, and the mediocre people become more mediocre.

If you can help me, I hope you will adopt it.

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