Climbing the Yueyang Tower (Part 1)

Chen Yuyi

To the east of the Dongting River and to the west of the river, the curtains do not move and the sunset is late. Climb to the land that divides Wu and Shu, and move to the When the lakes and mountains are about to twilight.

Thousands of miles away, you can still see the distance, and more than three years of hardship are even more difficult. In the ancient wind and frost, the old trees are infinitely sad.

The first couplet interweaves the virtual and the real. , contrasting the past and present, thereby expanding the scope of time and space. He has long heard about the fame of Dongting, but his desire to see the famous lake was not realized until the end of the year. On the surface, it seems to be the joy of climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time, but in fact it is intended to express the unrealized ambitions of his early years. Emotion. Using "heard in the past" to build momentum for "present" is ultimately to describe the brewing atmosphere of Dongting Lake.

The couplet is the vastness of Dongting. Dongting Lake is surrounded by Wu and Chu, and the sun and moon are floating on it. The waves are lifting the sky, and the vastness is endless. I really don’t know how many clouds and dreams this old man has swallowed in his chest! This is a good sentence about Dongting Lake, which was praised by Wang Shizhen as "majestic between the present and the past". The description of the scene is so magnificent that it is endlessly interesting.

The neck couplet describes the ups and downs of political life, wandering to the end of the world, and the feeling of having unappreciated talents. "There are no relatives and friends", and there is no spiritual and material assistance; Ever since Kuizhou brought his wife and children out of the gorge by boat, he has been "old" and "sick", drifting around Hunan, making the boat his home, with a uncertain future and where to settle down. Facing the vast ocean of Dongting Lake, he has become even more concerned about his life experience. The feeling of loneliness. The self-narration of being so lonely contains infinite affection in the sudden changes and contrasts of the extremely boring and narrow poetic environment.

The last couplet writes about the sadness of seeing the country in turmoil and having no way to serve the country. The upper and lower sentences There is a blank space in between, which is evocative. The "past" that begins "I heard the Dongting water in the past" can certainly cover the more than ten years when the poet was active in Chang'an. And this can be photographed with "Guanshan North" in space. Together." "Pingxuan" and "Jinshang" echo from beginning to end.

The whole poem is about "climbing Yueyang Tower", but it is not limited to writing about "Yueyang Tower" and "Dongting Water". The poet abandons the scenery in front of him. Detailed descriptions, written from the big picture, refer to the heaven and earth, with the safety of the country at heart, tragic and desolate, moving people to tears. Time looks back on the present and the past, and space covers Wu, Chu and Yueguan Mountains. The sorrow of his life, the worry of the country, the vastness, and the vastness. The water in Dongting merges seamlessly, forming the tragic, profound and profound artistic conception of Shen Xiong.

Climbing the Yueyang Tower

Du Fu

In the past, I heard about the Dongting water, and now I go up to the Yueyang Tower. Southeast of Wu Chu Che (che), the world floats day and night. There are no relatives or friends, and there is a lonely boat for the old and the sick.

The army and horses pass through the north of the mountain, and the stream of tears flows by Pingxuan.

The artistic conception of this poem Open and majestic, the style is vigorous and profound. It is a famous five-meter poem in Du Fu's poems. The predecessors called it the first among the five lines in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Generally speaking, the magnificence of the country and the broadness of the poet's mind are mutually reinforcing in the poem. Although Sad, but not depressed; although depressed, not depressed. Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua" of the Song Dynasty quoted Cai Sui's "Poetry of the Western Qing Dynasty" and said: "Dongting is a spectacular world. Since ancient times, poets and poets have written about it... ...However, it is not like Meng Haoran's "Steaming clouds and dreamy lakes, waves shaking Yueyang City", then the Dongting is empty and majestic, as it is now. When I read Du Zi's beautiful poems, it is not the case. "Wu Chu is in the southeast, the universe is floating day and night" , I don’t know how many clouds and dreams Shaoling swallowed in his chest.”

The whole poem is purely written in the form of fu, and it is a narrative style from beginning to end. In the past, some scholars believed that the poem was written in the form of fu, which has no image and no poetic flavor. .In fact, fu method is an important technique for the visualization of poetry. Its characteristic is that it does not pay attention to the language of the poem and the visualization of local things, but focuses on creating the overall artistic conception of the poem. "Climbing the Yueyang Tower" uses fu method to create artistic images. Model. The artistic realm it has reached makes people no longer feel the existence of artistic methods, or even the existence of language. They only feel that the poet's thoughts and feelings hit the heart.

Both poems are written The artistic conception is profound and the atmosphere is broad. Nostalgic for the past and the present are desolate and tragic. However, Du's poems are richer in content and fuller in thought. Even when he was old and sick and drifting alone, he still cared about the country, while Chen's poems focused on expressing the feeling of fleeing. In the crisis situation, the sadness of mourning the past is used as a metaphor for the melancholy of "self-sorrow".

"Climbing the Yueyang Tower":

This poem is the first time the poet has ascended the Yueyang Tower. Going up to the Yueyang Tower, facing the Dongting Lake, I have thousands of emotions. The poem is full of the poet's deep feelings about the impoverished life.

Sigh: The anger and sorrow for the unfulfilled life-long ambition, the sorrow and anxiety about the motherland's troubled reality. The poet associates the personal misfortune with the troubled social reality in all directions, transfers from the small world to the big world, and changes from the personal misfortune. The grief turns to the pain of home and country when "the troops are at the gate", which reflects the author's deep concern for the country and the people. The mood of "Pingxuan sheds tears at the stream" and the magnificent spirit seen in the opening chapter "Today's Ascension to Yueyang Tower" constitute a echo of the situation, expressing It captures the deep and broad mind of a great patriotic poet

"Climbing High"

A poem that blends scenes with scenes. The first four sentences describe the scenery, and the last four sentences are lyrical, showing the author's majesty. , the whole poem has a sense of sadness and melancholy, the language is refined, the words are about the bleak autumn, the poet writes vividly and colorfully, the first couplet is broad, in the hunting autumn wind, the poet climbs to a high place, and what is carried to his ears by the wind is The sound of roaring apes, what you see in the daytime is the clear water, white sand, and flocks of birds flying in the wind and constantly circling. These two sentences contain six kinds of objects: wind, sky, ape, Nagisa, sand, and birds. The apes and birds are mourning, and the flying birds are wandering. It creates a desolate picture. The word "wind rush" in this couplet is exquisitely concise. The mourning of apes, the singing of birds and the rustling of falling trees in the second couplet, and the rolling of the Yangtze River are all produced by this couplet. ", the scenery is lifelike, the artistic conception is powerful and continuous. This couplet has become a famous saying that has been passed down by future generations. The above four sentences describe the scenery, which pave the way for the sad autumn lyric below. In fact, the author has integrated into the scenery, and the scenery has its own meaning. The emotion caused by the description of the scene is even more touching. This is not only because he wrote about the natural desolate autumn, but also because the poet's description of the autumn of life reveals a strong emotional color. It has multiple meanings and details the miserable situation of life. The two words "Sad Autumn" make people feel deeply sad. "Often a guest" indicates the author's wandering life. "Feng Nian" refers to his twilight years, facing the desolation. In the autumn scene, the poet thought of his situation of living in a foreign country, being old and sick, and suddenly felt desolate. "Only on the stage" combines the desolate scenery with the desolate mood, making people suddenly sympathize. The last couplet is profound and summarizes the entire society at that time. The reality is that the poet's lament about "hardship and bitterness" has led to the poet's "sickness" and "frosty hair", especially when he stopped drinking because of his sickness, and the poet's sadness is even more difficult to resolve. These all express his feelings towards the poet. Dissatisfaction with the "difficulties" of the times, and lamentation for the autumn of one's life. Although this poem is a tragic song, the feeling it gives us is not desolation and depression. The poet's majestic and unrestrained writing style brings us a kind of tragic, heroic, and broad-minded. The first two couplets of the broad feeling poem describe the scenery, and the last two couplets are lyrical. The first two couplets describe the scenery, and the last two couplets are lyrical. They describe autumn scenery. The objects are subtle and full of characteristics, especially the word "Autumn" is pointed out in the neck couplet. , showing the poet's exquisite conception and use of words. The lyricism of the last two couplets connects the reality of the country with the poet's experience. The emotions are expressed deeply and far away, showing Du Fu's superb artistic skills

《