Yue Fei (1103-1142) was born in Tangyin, Xiangzhou (now Henan). Born in poverty, he was recruited as a "brave soldier" at the age of 20. He was a famous anti-gold star in the early Southern Song Dynasty. In the tenth year of Shaoxing (1 140), Yue Jiajun led an army to attack the Jinbing in Yancheng, marched into Zhuxian Town, and prepared to cross the river to recover the lost land in the Central Plains. However, the imperial court implemented a surrender policy and ordered it to withdraw. He was later killed by Zhao Gou and Qin Gui on trumped-up charges. There are not many works handed down by Yue Fei, but they are all masterpieces full of patriotic passion. There is Yue Wumu Collection, which was compiled by later generations.
Konakayama
I couldn't stop singing last night. It's already midnight. Stand up and walk around the steps alone. When people are quiet, the moon is bright outside the curtain.
Whitehead is fame. Old mountain pine and bamboo are old, which hinders the return journey. I want to talk to Yao Qin. There are few confidants, who will listen to the broken string?
Man Jiang Hong
Write a bosom
Angry, leaning against the railing, resting in the drizzle. Looking up, screaming in the sky, strong and fierce.
Thirty fame, dust and earth, eight thousand miles of clouds and the moon. Don't be idle, grow old together and be unhappy.
Jingkang shame, still not snow; When will courtiers hate it? Driving a long car to break through, Helan Mountain is lacking.
Eat pork when you are hungry, and drink Hun blood when you are thirsty. Stay from the beginning, clean up the old mountains and rivers, and go to the sky.
Man Jiang Hong
Thoughts on climbing the Yellow Crane Tower
Looking at the Central Plains from a distance, there are many battlements. Think of that year, flowers covered willows and protected Fengtai Long Ting.
Long live the Pearl in front of the mountain, and Penghu Temple is full of songs. Today, the fighters are full of suburbs and the dust is evil.
Bing An is here? Cake before cream; Min' an is here? Fill the ravine. Sighing that mountains and rivers are the same, thousands of villages are sparse.
When do you ask Sharp Brigade to cross Qinghe Road with a whip? However, I came back and continued my trip to Hanyang, riding a yellow crane.
2. Ancient poems about the concept of life and death. In summer, Li Qingzhao was born as an outstanding person and died as a ghost.
I miss Xiang Yu so far, but I refuse to cross Jiangdong [note] 1. Outstanding person: a hero among people. Emperor Gaozu once praised the founding heroes Sean, Xiao He and Han Xin as "outstanding figures".
2. Ghost hero: the hero in the ghost. Qu Yuan's national mourning: "When you die, God takes the spirit, and the soul is a ghost."
3. Xiang Yu (232 BC-202 BC): He was born in the late Qin Dynasty (now Suqian, Jiangsu). He led the rebel army to destroy the main force of Qin Jun and became the overlord of Chu.
After being defeated by Liu Bang, he broke through to Wujiang (now Hexian County, Anhui Province) and committed suicide. The living should be heroes among people, and the dead should also be heroes among ghosts.
People still miss Xiang Yu because he refused to drag out an ignoble existence back to Jiangdong. [Explanation] This poem clearly puts forward the value orientation of life: when people are alive, they must be heroes and make contributions to the country; Even if you die, you have to die for your country and become a hero in ghosts.
Patriotic passion, beyond words, was really inspiring. The rulers of the southern song dynasty, regardless of the lives of the people, only care about their own escape; Abandon the rivers and mountains of the Central Plains, but beg to drag out an ignoble existence.
Then, the poet remembered Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu broke through to Wujiang River, and the director of Wujiang Pavilion advised him to cross the river quickly, return to Jiangdong and beat the drums again.
Xiang Yu felt ashamed to see his elders in Jiangdong, so he turned around and killed hundreds of enemy troops, and then committed suicide. The poet lashed out at the shameless behavior of the rulers in the Southern Song Dynasty, and used the ancient times to satirize the present, which was awe-inspiring.
There are only twenty words in the whole poem, and three allusions are used in succession, but it's no harm to pile them up, because they are all the poet's voices. The poems that hit the floor are so generous and vigorous, all written by women, which really makes people overwhelmed.
After a difficult time in Ding Yang, there are few stars here. The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating, and life experiences are ups and downs.
The beach of fear says fear, and there is a sigh in the ocean. Since ancient times, no one has died in life, leaving a heart that shines through history.
Looking back on the early years of serving as an official in the imperial examination, I experienced hardships, and now the war has subsided for four weeks. The country is in danger like catkins in a strong wind, and individuals are like duckweeds in a shower.
Fear of the fiasco on the beach still haunts me. The ocean below zero is trapped in Yuan Lu, lamenting my loneliness. Who can live forever since ancient times? I want to leave a patriotic heart to reflect on history.
Author's brief introduction Wen Tianxiang (1236— 1283), a patriotic poet in Southern Song Dynasty. The word good, the word Song Rui, Wenshan luling (now Ji 'an City, Jiangxi Province) people.
At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, he struggled to resist the enemy, was defeated and captured, never succumbed to the intimidation and inducement of the Yuan people, and finally died calmly. His later poems mainly described the difficult course of fighting against the Yuan Army, showing firm national integrity, generosity, tragic and touching.
Note ① Lingdingyang: In the Pearl River Estuary south of Zhongshan, Guangdong. Wen Tianxiang was captured by the Yuan Army in December of the first year of Zhao Minxiang's reign at the end of the Song Dynasty (1278) and imprisoned in the Lingdingyang warship. In the first month of the following year, Yuan Marshal Zhang Hongfan attacked Cliff Mountain, forcing Wen Tianxiang to hand over Zhang Shijie, the commander-in-chief who stuck to Cliff Mountain.
So, Wen Tianxiang wrote this poem. ② "hard work" sentence: trace back his early life experience and all kinds of hard work since he became an official.
Encounter, encounter the court selection; It used to refer to an official who passed the imperial examination because he was proficient in a certain classic. Wen Tianxiang has been in Baoyou, Song Lizong for four years (1256), ranking first among Jinshi.
3 fight and be thin: being thin is barren and thin. Here, song and yuan war is drawing to a close.
The Southern Song Dynasty died in this year (1279), and at this time it was unable to resist. Surrounding stars: Zhou Xing is the annual star, which circulates in the sky for twelve years, so Zhou Xing refers to twelve years.
Surrounding the stars, that is, in 48 years, Wen Tianxiang was 44 years old when he wrote this poem, and the surrounding stars here are integers. In the old notes, "the surrounding stars" were mostly used as the four years since Wen Tianxiang 1275 applied for the diligent king. In fact, the first two sentences of this poem should be understood together, which is a review of the poet's life experience.
(4) The phrase "a leopard cannot change his spots" means that the national situation and personal destiny are irreversible. ⑤ Fear Beach: In today's wanan county, Jiangxi, the current is fast, and it is one of the eighteen beaches in Ganjiang.
In the second year of Zong Jingyan, Song Rui (1277), Wen Tianxiang was defeated in Jiangxi and retreated to Fujian through the beach. ⑥ "Zero Ding" sentence: lamenting the current situation and one's own courage and isolation.
After the poet was captured, he was imprisoned in a warship in Lingdingyang. ⑦ History: History.
Before paper was invented, bamboo slips were used to take notes. When making bamboo slips, bamboo sweat (moisture) must be removed by fire, so it is called a history book.
This poem was written after Wen Tianxiang was captured. The poet recalled a sentence or two of his life, but limited by space, in his writing, he cited two things: becoming an official and losing the battle.
The four sentences in the middle are closely related to "war and death", which clearly expresses the author's understanding of the current situation: the country is in turmoil, the tragedy of national subjugation is inevitable, and personal fate is even more out of the question. However, in the face of this great change, the poet did not think of his personal way out and future, but deeply regretted that he failed to win a military victory in air navigation two years ago, thus turning the situation around.
At the same time, I feel particularly sad for my isolation. Between the lines, it is not difficult to feel the great pain of the author's country's ruin and death, as well as the bleak mood of self-blame and self-sigh.
The last two sentences are a poet's choice of his own destiny without hesitation. This adds a tragic and passionate strength and self-confidence to the previous feelings and grievances, showing a unique lofty beauty.
This is not only the embodiment of the poet's personality charm, but also the unique spiritual beauty of the Chinese nation, far beyond the scope of language and writing.
3. Du Fu's Song of Drinking Eight Immortals, a poem describing ancient celebrities
Zhang Zhi rode a horse like a boat. He fell asleep in the well.
Ruyang has three fights in the sky, and the road is salivating at the corner of the car.
I wish I could not move the capital to Jiuquan. It takes thousands of dollars for Zuo Xiang to get rich.
Drinking is like a whale sucking a hundred rivers, and a cup of music is called avoiding the virtuous.
Zong Zhi's handsome and beautiful boy looked up at the sky with white eyes.
As bright as Yushu before the wind. Embroidered Buddha for a long time before Su Jinzhai,
When you are drunk, you often love to escape Zen. Li Bai has a hundred poems,
Chang 'an went to the inn to sleep, but the son of heaven called him not to get on the boat.
Call myself Brewmaster. Three cups of grass in Zhang Xu,
Before taking off his hat and revealing the top of the maharaja, he waved a piece of paper like a cloud.
Jiao Sui's five fights were outstanding, and Kan Kan talked about it, which surprised four banquets.
Song of Eight Immortals Drinking is a unique and distinctive "portrait poem". Eight Brewmaster were contemporaries and all lived in Chang 'an. They are very similar in drinking, both generous and open-minded. The poet wrote them into a poem with refined language and characters' brushstrokes, forming a vivid group image.
He Zhangzhi first appeared in the Eight Immortals. He is the oldest of them. In Chang 'an, he used to "solve scarabs for pleasure" (Li Bai's Preface to Celebrate Wine). The poem says that after he was drunk, he rode like a boat from side to side and felt dizzy. He fell into the well and fell asleep in it. According to legend, "Ruan Xian was drunk and rode on a horse, and people said,' The old man swims in the waves like a boat'" (Du Yi, four words by Wang Ming). Du Fu vividly used this allusion to describe He's drunkenness and drunkenness when riding a horse after drinking, full of humorous and cheerful emotions, and vividly showed his broad-minded and reclusive character.
The second character is Wang Lixian of Ruyang. He was the nephew of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and was very popular for a while. The so-called "frequent kindness from the Lord" and "multiple flesh and blood" (Du Fu's "Gift to the Prince's Taishi Ruyang County King"), so I dared to drink three fights before going to court to visit the son of heaven. His alcoholic psychology is different, too. I saw it on the road.
4. The inspiring sentence in ancient poetry is 1, the sky is healthy and the gentleman is constantly striving for self-improvement.
The capacity of the earth is limited, so a gentleman must constantly cultivate his own virtue to undertake the world. -I ching 2. Try to forget food, enjoy forgetting Excellence, and I don't know that old age is coming.
-"The Analects of Confucius" 3. The three armed forces can win the handsome, but ordinary people can't win the ambition. -The Analects of Confucius 4. Cultivate one's morality, keep the family in order, govern the country and level the world.
-"University" 5, wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent. -"Mencius" 6, born in sorrow, died in happiness.
-"Mencius" 7. My life is limited, and so is my knowledge. -"Zhuangzi" 8. It's a long way, and Xiu Yuan is embarrassed. I will go up and down.
-Qu Yuan's "Li Sao" 9. I'm kind, too. Although he died nine times, he still has no regrets. -Qu Yuan's Li Sao 10, if you don't sing it, it will be a blockbuster.
-"Historical Records Funny Biography" During the Qin and Han Dynasties, 22 BC1-AD 2201,did the sparrow know the ambition of the swan? -Historical Records, Chen She Family 12. How can you sweep the world without sweeping a house? -The Biography of Chen Fan in the Later Han Dynasty 13. Where there is a will, there is a way. -The Biography of Geng Yan in the Later Han Dynasty 14. When you are sincere, the stone opens.
-The Book of the Later Han Dynasty: A Biography of Wang Jing, the Thought of Guangling 15. If young people don't work hard, old people will be sad. -"A Long Song of Han Yuefu" Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, AD 220- AD 58 1, 16, an old horse crouching tiger, aiming for a thousand miles; The martyrs were full of courage in their later years.
-Cao Cao's "Although a turtle is a longevity" 17, died of national disaster and sudden death. -Cao Zhi's "White Horse" 18, do your best and die.
-Zhuge Liang's "After the Teacher" 19, life is better than death. -Biography of Northern Qi and jing yuan An Lie: Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties: 58 1 year-1271year 20. Since God has given talents, let them be employed! .
-Li Bai's "Into the Wine" 2 1, fearless, ancestors are illegal, people are not merciful. -Wang Anshi During the Northern Song Shenzong period, Wang Anshi advocated political reform and opposed conservatism, and put forward this famous "three deficiencies" thesis.
22. Life is a hero, and death is a ghost man. -Li Qingzhao's "Summer quatrains" 23. I dare not forget my motherland.
-Lu You's "The Classic of Diseases" Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties: A.D. 127 1 year-A.D. 1840 24. Who has never died in life since ancient times, keeping a fresh heart and caring for history. -Wen Tianxiang's "Crossing the Zero Ding Yang" 25, the sound of wind and rain, the sound of reading, family affairs, state affairs, and everything in the world are concerned.
-Gu Xiancheng 26. Tomorrow is tomorrow. How many tomorrows are there? Tomorrow will never come. -"Song of Tomorrow" 27. Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world.
—— Gu 28, after many trials and tribulations, is still strong, regardless of the east, west, north and south winds. -Zheng Banqiao's Bamboo Stone 29. All rivers run into the sea, with great tolerance; The wall stands a thousand miles, and it is just without desire.
-Lin Zexu 30. The country lives and dies, and it is avoided because of disasters. -Lin Zexu.
5. Talented poets in ancient poetry: five quatrains; In Qing Dynasty, Du Li's Zhao Yi's poems were widely circulated, but they are not new so far.
There are many talented people all over the country, and their poems and popularity will last for hundreds of years. Everyone meets a minister, and all of them are talented.
I have to admit, I have some roots and have taken a few breaks. Don't ask how many scholars there are in the world, standing alone.
Only in this period, Wen Jun will be so lenient, who knows. Canopy meeting, fishing mat.
Heroism, clear standards. It is necessary to arrange it safely and say it.
Shu Pan Tangyuan is not evil, but it is still too biased towards the Western Heaven Wall. Tell the officer to look at Kun and search for people.
Gong Zizhen, a miscellaneous poem, is angry in Kyushu and relies on the wind and thunder. I advise God to cheer up and not stick to certain norms to belittle more people.
After leaving Beijing, Kang Youwei rode a dragon and flew to the misty peak independently. Hold Fang Xinlan in your arms, and the fog will be heavy.
In the eyes of the Warring States, who are the talents of China? Fujian trombone home also, Qian Shan wind and rain whistling green front. On poetry with Ji Yuan, and as a son and a daughter, Boehlmann claimed that Kang Youwei had a generation of people who embroidered silk, and thousands of authors wrote hundreds of thousands of poems.
It is sad to sing the wind and win the moon. At the beginning, it was like hearing this book appeal to both refined and popular tastes, but dad Li had no choice but to write the lyrics of Zusao.
The rhythm of Han and Tang dynasties is meaningful to people, and it is also imaginable. Will enter the era of brewing Author: Tang Author: Li Bai genre: Yuefu Jun does not see how the water of the Yellow River moves out of heaven and into the ocean, which is gone forever.
Have you seen the lovely hair in the bright mirror in the high room, although it is still silky black in the morning, it turns into snow at night? Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he wants to go, and never point his golden cup at the moon empty! .
Since God has given talents, let them be used! As for the money, although it is scattered, it will get together again. Cook a sheep, kill a cow, sharpen your appetite, and let me, 300 bowls, take a big drink! .
Master Cen, Dan Qiusheng, bring the wine in! Let your cup never stop! . Let me sing you a song! , let your ears participate! .
What are bells and drums, delicacies and treasures? Let me get drunk forever and never be rational! . Ancient sober people and sages were forgotten, and only great drinkers can be immortalized.
Chen bought a barrel of wine with 10 thousand gold coins at a banquet in the temple, and everyone laughed and said one-liners Why do you say, my master, your money is gone? , to buy wine, we drink together! .
Five flower horses, Hsi Chin, give them to the boy in exchange for good wine. Whatever you want, sell eternal sorrow. Eighteen kinds of martial arts are difficult to walk. Zhao Can couldn't eat the case. He drew his sword and struck the column and sighed.
How long can my husband live? Can Ann fold her wings? (2) Abandon Mao and dismiss him from office; (3) Return home to recuperate. Go out and say goodbye, still dying.
Have a foreplay before going to bed and watch the women weaving in the machine. Since ancient times, sages have been poor and humble, and our generation is lonely and straight.
(4) Note (1) This article was originally listed as the sixth song, so it was difficult to play it directly, so I had to quit my official career. This poem shows the helplessness of a talented, energetic and sensitive poet under the oppression of aristocratic society.
6. Describe the ancient poem with ulterior motives, "Heaven can be measured".
Author Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty
Heaven can measure,
The ground can be measured,
Only the human heart can't be prevented.
But seeing Dan turn red,
Who knows a lie is like a spring?
I suggest you cover your nose,
Let your husband and wife become businessmen.
I advise you to stop being a bee,
Let your father and son become jackals.
Fish in the sea and birds in the sky,
You can shoot high and fish deep.
Only people's hearts are opposite,
You can't expect it at close range.
Have you noticed that people like Li Yifu are smiling?
There is a killing knife in the smile.
Yin He's transformation was measured,
Laughing at people is a disaster.
Extended data:
I. Translation
Degree: measure. 2 quantity: measurement. Heaven can be measured is one of the fifty poems in New Yuefu, aiming at "deceiving others". These two sentences mean that the size of the sky can be measured and the length of the earth can be measured. It's just that people's hearts are sinister, unpredictable and difficult to guard against. This is an artistic summary made by Bai Juyi as an admonition officer (left addendum) after observing the official situation, which has profound social significance.
The basis of Bai Juyi's saying that "the sky can be measured, and the earth can be measured" comes from the following two paragraphs in the two articles "Astronomy" and "Topography" in Huainanzi: "There are nine wild fields in the sky, and 999.5 billion Wan Li belongs to the earth." "For qiu zhang department, from the east to the west, two hundred and thirty-three thousand five hundred seventy-five steps; Let Shu Hai take one step, from the North Pole to the South Pole, 233,500 miles, 75 steps. " This is the understanding of ancient scholars and magicians in China about the size of heaven and earth.
Second, the writing background:
Middle-aged people encounter setbacks in officialdom. "Since then, the career has been long-term, and the world has never been opened." But he still wrote many good poems and did many good things for the people. Hangzhou West Lake and Bai Causeway commemorate him. In his later years, he sent his feelings to the mountains and rivers, and also wrote some small characters.