The World Wide Web (also known as "Network", "WWW", "W3", English "Web" or "World Wide Web") is a data space. In this space: a useful thing is called a "resource"; and is identified by a global "Uniform Resource Identifier" (URL). These resources are transmitted to users through the Hypertext Transfer Protocol, and the latter obtains the resources by clicking on the link. From another perspective, the World Wide Web is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed through the Internet. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), also known as the W3C Council. It was established in October 1994 at the Computer Science Laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), which has the title of "the best technical university in the world". The founders are Tim Berners-Lee, the inventors of the World Wide Web. The World Wide Web is often used as a synonym for the Internet, but in fact the World Wide Web is a service that runs on the Internet. [Edit this paragraph] How it works: When you want to access a web page on the World Wide Web, or other network resources, you usually have to first type into your browser the Uniform Resource Locator (Uniform Resource Locator) of the web page you want to access, abbreviated URL, or hyperlink to that web page or network resource. The next step is to first parse the server name part of the URL by a globally distributed Internet database called the Domain Name System, and determine which IP address to enter based on the parsing results. The next step is to send an HTTP request to the server working at that IP address for the web page you want to access. Under normal circumstances, the HTML text, images, and all other files that make up the web page are quickly requested and sent back to the user one by one. The next job of the web browser is to display the content described in HTML, CSS and other received files to the user, plus images, links and other necessary resources. These make up the "webpage" you see. [Edit this paragraph] Origin 200px-First_Web_Server.jpg The earliest network idea can be traced back to the ENQUIRE project built by Tim Berners-Lee in 1980. This is a hypertext online editing database similar to Wikipedia. Although this was very different from the World Wide Web we use today, it shared many of the same core ideas and even included some ideas from Berners-Lee's next project after the World Wide Web, the Semantic Web. In March 1989, Berners-Lee wrote an article "Recommendations on Information Management", which mentioned ENQUIRE and described a more sophisticated management model. On November 12, 1990, he collaborated with Robert Cailliau to propose a more formal proposal for the World Wide Web. . On November 13, 1990, he wrote the first web page on a NeXT workstation to implement the ideas in his article. During the Christmas vacation of that year, Berners-Lee built all the tools necessary to make a network work[6]: the first World Wide Web browser (also editor) and the first web server. On August 6, 1991, he posted an introduction to the World Wide Web project on the alt.hypertext newsgroup. This day also marks the debut of the World Wide Web public service on the Internet. Hypertext, a concept crucial to the World Wide Web, originated from several previous projects in the 1960s. Examples include Ted Nelson's Project Xanadu and Douglas Engelbart's NLS. Both projects were inspired by the "memex" system designed for microfilm by Vannevar Bush in his 1945 essay "Think Like We Do." Another brilliant breakthrough by Tim Berners-Lee was grafting hypertext onto the Internet. In his book "Weaving the Web," he explains that he repeatedly suggested to users of the two technologies that combining them was possible, but no one responded to his suggestions, and he ended up having to solve the problem himself. plan. He invented a system for unique authentication of global network resources: the Uniform Resource Identifier. The World Wide Web differs from other hypertext systems in many ways: * The World Wide Web requires single links rather than two-way links, which allows anyone to link to a resource without any action by the resource owner. This was critical to reducing the difficulty of implementing web servers and web browsers compared to early web systems, but its side effect was the chronic problem of broken links. * The World Wide Web, unlike some applications such as HyperCard, is not proprietary, which allows servers and clients to develop and expand independently without licensing restrictions. On April 30, 1993, CERN announced that the World Wide Web would be free and open to anyone without charging any fees. Two months later, Gopher announced that it would no longer be free, causing a large number of users to switch from Gopher to the World Wide Web.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), also known as the W3C Council. Founded in October 1994 at the MIT Computer Science Laboratory. It was founded by Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the World Wide Web. Since the 1940s, people have dreamed of having a world-wide information database. Not only can data in this database be accessed by people around the world, but it should also be easily linked to information elsewhere so that users can obtain important information quickly and easily. It triggered the fifth information revolution. With the rapid development of science and technology, this dream of people has become a reality. The most popular system currently in use is called "World Wide Web" (World Wide Web). Its official definition is "WWW is a wide-area hypermedia information retrieval initiative to give universal access to large universe of documents." In short, WWW is an Internet-based computer network that allows users to Access information on another computer over the Internet. From a technical point of view, the Global Information Network is a collection of clients and servers on the Internet that support the WWW protocol and the Hyper Text Transport Protocol HTTP (Hyper Text Transport Protocol). Through it, hypermedia files and content from all over the world can be accessed. Including text, graphics, sounds, animations, databases, and a variety of software. Theoretically, the Global Information Network includes the entire Internet world with more than 200 million people. It includes all Web sites, Gopher information stations, FTP archives, Telnet public access accounts, News discussion forums, and Wais databases. . Therefore, the Global Information Network can be said to be the largest electronic data world in the world today. The World Wide Web can already be regarded as a synonym for the Internet. In fact, what we usually call "on the Internet" actually refers to connecting to the World Wide Web. WWW is the abbreviation of World Wide Web (Global Information Network), which can also be referred to as Web. The Chinese name is "World Wide Web". [Edit this paragraph] The belated reward of Internet stories In 1989, if Tim?6?1 Berners?6?1 Lee had applied for intellectual property rights for the World Wide Web he invented, then today's Internet world would be completely different appearance. There really is a free lunch in the world in 1989. Tim selflessly dedicated his invention to the world without taking a penny. He has created a platform for countless people to get rich, but he has been struggling with no money to repair the kitchen. 1989 However, some people took the opportunity to make a fortune. For example, Jeff Bezos, the founder of Amazon.com, Jerry Yang, the founder of Yahoo, and Mark Anderson, the founder of Netscape. Shortly after Tim made his invention public in 1989, dot-com companies took off. Overnight, a group of rich men were born and announced their birth. The "Father of the World Wide Web" still persists in his poor scientific research work. The long-awaited first winner of the 1989 Millennium Technology Prize. On June 15, 1989, at a ceremony in Espoo, Finland, the Finnish Technology Prize Foundation designated 49-year-old Tim Berners Li is the first recipient of the "Millennium Technology Award", the world's largest technology award, and was awarded a bonus of 1 million euros. Others deserved it, but Tim only deserved it 15 years later. 1989 "This is indeed a surprise," Tim said, "but the money does not make me crazy. I have to distribute the bonus of 1 million euros properly. My family lives in the suburbs, and it is not convenient for my children to go to school. In addition, my wife always complains that we Time to fix the kitchen." In 1989, Tim, who was working at CERN, invented the World Wide Web out of necessity for high-energy physics research. Four years later, the American company Netscape launched the World Wide Web product, which immediately became popular all over the world. The birth of the World Wide Web has brought revolutionary changes to the exchange and dissemination of global information, opening the door for people to obtain information conveniently. 1989 When the Finnish Technology Award Foundation decided to award the €1 million prize of the newly created "Millennium Technology Prize" to Tim in April this year, many people felt that he was a well-deserved winner. Pekka Tayane, chairman of the 1989 Millennium Technology Prize selection committee, called Tim's win "well-received." Among all 78 candidates, the 8 members of the jury unanimously elected Tim as the first winner of the "Millennium Technology Award". 1989 Cangjie in the Internet World 1989 In the history of the development of the Internet, there are many "fathers", such as Ray Tomlinson, the inventor of email, and Viton, who invented the interconnection and interactive system of different computer networks. 6?1 Cerf and Robert?6?1 Kahn. But only Tim invented the World Wide web. Before 1989, there was no browser, no "WWW", and the online world was completely blank.

If we had applied for intellectual property rights and patents for our WWW vision and later the World Wide Web for personal gain, today's Internet world would be unimaginable. Tim hypothetically said: "In that case, there will be at least 16 different Webs in the world, including CERN, Microsoft, Apple..." In 1989, many people said that Tim was too stupid and gave up on becoming a super rich man. Opportunities, but Tim doesn’t think so. He believes that patent protection for software has jeopardized the core spirit that drives the development of Internet technology. "The problem is, if someone is writing a certain program, and then a person comes from behind, glances at it twice and says, 'Hey, I'm sorry, I have applied for a patent for sentences 35 to 42 of the program you wrote.'" This undoubtedly hurts the development of science and technology. If you think a computer can do something, write this idea into a computer program to realize it. This is the soul of many great technological developments..." 1989 Business in Collaboration. Great value 1989 Recalling his invention in 1989, Tim said modestly: "Its discovery did not come from a 'Eureka'-style moment of inspiration, nor was it like the apple that fell on Newton's head and proved the concept of gravity. On the contrary. , people gradually realized that the power of integrating various ideas into a network (ie the web) was a response to an open challenge. "1989" After the birth of hypertext and computers. , I just have plenty of time, and I have a lot of interests and hobbies. The task that falls on my head is to combine them organically." In 1989, someone once asked Tim: "What do you think of online business activities and your initial business activities? Is it possible to find a balance between the motivations of sharing knowledge and coordinating relationships? ” In 1989, Tim said: “There is no need to define this balance. When the commercial business volume increases, the collaborative business volume. will decline, but they are not competing with each other. In fact, the business value of collaboration is greater, and the company that learns to use the network to work better may be the company that ultimately wins." 1989 Perhaps, in the eyes of others, Tim. All his actions are extraordinary. In Tim's eyes, life should take its course. Social Impact Since the WWW provides people around the world with a means to find and share information, it can also be regarded as a collection of information that various organizations, scientific research institutions, universities, and companies around the world are keen on research and development. It is based on Internet queries. Information distribution and management systems are dynamic formats for multimedia communications in which people interact. Its formal formulation is: "A primitive protocol for wide-area hypermedia information retrieval, aimed at accessing huge amounts of documents." What WWW has achieved is to provide users on computer networks with a compatible means to access various media in a simple way. It was the first truly global hypermedia network, changing the way people viewed and created information. As a result, the whole world quickly set off a huge upsurge in research, development and use of WWW. WWW was born in the Internet, and later became part of the Internet. Today, WWW has almost become synonymous with the Internet. Through it, everyone who joins it can reach every corner of the world in an instant. Just plug a phone line into your PC (it may be a laptop you carry with you plus a mobile phone). At this time, the world's information Right at your fingertips! WWW does not actually exist anywhere in the world. In fact, users of WWW give it new meanings every day. Citizens of the Internet society (including institutions and individuals) embed all kinds of information they need to make public into the WWW in the form of a homepage. In addition to text, the homepage also includes graphics, sounds and other media forms; and the content is drawn from various sources. From job advertisements to electronic Bibles, it can be said to be all-inclusive and everything-inclusive. The main form of the home page published on the Web is some HTML text (HTML is Hyper Text Markup Language, Hyper Text Markup Language). With the rapid development of mobile Internet access, some experts have recently referred to WAP and WWW together. WAP has now become the global de facto standard for accessing wireless information services through mobile phones or other wireless terminals. Its development and applications are unlimited. [Edit this paragraph] Composition of WWW Client The client is a program that needs something, and the server is a program that provides something. A client can make requests to many different servers. A server can also provide services to multiple different clients. Typically, a client initiates a conversation with a server. The server is usually an automated program that waits for client requests. The client usually runs as a result of a user request or a request made by each program similar to the user. A protocol is a definition of the various ways a client requests a server and how the server responds to the request. The WWW client can also be called a browser. Common clients on the Global Information Network mainly include: IE, Firefox, Safia, Opera, etc. In the Web, the client's tasks are: 1. Help you make a request (usually initiated when a link point is clicked). 2. Send your request to a server.

3. Report the results of the request to you by properly decoding the direct image, submitting the HTML document and passing various files to the corresponding "Viewer". A viewer is a program that can be called by a WWW client to render files of a specific type. When a sound file is viewed and downloaded by your WWW client, it can only be "observed" using certain programs (such as "Media Player" under Windows). Usually the WWW client is not limited to making requests to the Web server, but can also make requests to other servers (such as Gopher, FTP, news, mail). Server 1. Accepts the request 2. Checks the validity of the request, including security shielding. 3. Obtain and produce data in response to requests, including Java scripts and programs, CGI scripts and programs, and setting appropriate MIME types for files to pre-process and post-process the data. 4. Send the information to the requesting client. [Edit this paragraph] WWW workflow WWW adopts the client/server working mode, as follows: (1) The user uses a browser or other program to establish a connection between the client and the server, and sends a browsing request. (2) After receiving the request, the Web server returns the information to the client. (3) Communication is completed and the connection is closed. [Edit this paragraph] The English name of the World Wide Web is the English phrase "surfing the Internet" ("surfing the Internet"), that is, browsing the Internet, first by a writer named Jane Amore Pauli (Jean Armor Pauli) through his work "On the Internet" Surfing” brought the concept to the masses. This book was officially published by Wilson Publishing House in June 1992. She may have come up with the concept independently, but it was used on newsgroups as early as 1991 and 1992. Some people remember that there were some hackers using this term two years ago. Pauli is sometimes called "NetMom" in the Internet world. [1] Although the English word World Wide Web is usually written as one word (without spaces or hyphens), the full name World Wide Web and its abbreviation World Wide Web are now widely used in some formal English. The earliest literature talking about the World Wide Web calls it the WorldWideWeb (a perfect example of a programmer's fondness for hyphens, that is, joining several words together to form a new word) or the World Wide Web (adding a hyphen, so This version of the name is closest to formal English usage). Interestingly, "World Wide Web" is one of the few abbreviations in English whose syllables are longer than the original name. In English, the World Wide Web has three syllables, and the letter W alone has three syllables. WWW =World Weather Watch World Weather Watch Network is a global meteorological business system planned and established by the World Meteorological Organization. The English abbreviation is WWW. Through the cooperation of all members, the World Weather Watch comprehensively organizes, plans, and coordinates business work related to the layout of global meteorological station networks, meteorological observations, meteorological communications, analysis and forecasting, and meteorological data processing, so that all members of the World Meteorological Organization have access to Meteorological information required for meteorological operations, services and research. The Difference Between the World Wide Web, the Internet, and the Internet To be precise, there is a difference between the World Wide Web, the Internet, and the Internet. Talking about the difference between "Internet" and "Internet" In the article "On the Phenomenon of One Thing with Multiple Names in Computer and Network Terminology", I mentioned the naming issue of "Internet". But the fact is that the term "Internet" is still used today. Is there no difference at all when using these two names, or do they refer to two different concepts? The answer is definitely the latter. To answer this question, we must first look back at the history of the Internet. The Internet was born in the United States in 1969. Originally named "ARPAnet", it was a military research system, and later became an academic system connecting computers in universities and colleges. Now it has developed into an open global computer network covering more than 150 countries on five continents. The system has many service providers. Ordinary computer users only need a personal computer to connect to an Internet service provider through a modem via a telephone line to access the Internet. But the Internet is not the only interconnected network in the world. For example, in Europe, transnational Internet networks include "Euronet", "European Academic and Research Network" (EARN), "European Information Network" (EIN), and in the United States, there is also "International Academic Network" (BITNET) , and the world-wide ones include "Feiduo.com" (a global BBS system) and so on. After understanding the above situation, we can know that the uppercase "Internet" ("Interreto" in Esperanto) and the lowercase "internet" ("interreto" in Esperanto) refer to different objects. When we are talking about the world's largest Internet network mentioned above, which is the Internet we usually use, we call it the "Internet" or the "International Internet", although the latter name is not standardized. . Here, "Internet" appears as a proper noun, so the first letter must be capitalized. But if used as a common noun, that is, "internet" ("interreto") with the first letter in lowercase, it generally refers to a large network composed of multiple computer networks connected to each other.

According to the approval of the National Science and Technology Approval Committee, such a network system can be collectively called the "Internet". This means that the Internet and other similar large-scale network systems composed of computers connected to each other can be regarded as the "Internet", and the Internet is only the largest of the Internets. The 2002 supplement of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" defines "Internet" and "Internet" respectively as "referring to a network composed of several electronic computer networks connected to each other" and "currently the largest electronic computer Internet in the world. It evolved from the development of the ARPA network in the United States." Available for reference. Finally, when using the Internet as a proper noun, in addition to capitalizing the first letter, the article la is usually added in front of it (i.e. la Interreto), and it can also be referred to as "la Reto". WWW, World Wide Web, TTT - a nearly perfect translation. Anyone who surfs the Internet knows the important role of "WWW"? To enter a URL, you must first type these three letters. These three letters are the abbreviation of the English "World Wide Web". "WWW" has been translated as "Global Network", "Global Information Network", "Hypermedia Global Information Network", etc. in my country, and was finally translated as "World Wide Web" by the National Committee for Approval of Scientific and Technical Terms. Mr. Guozhu, in his article "Wonderful Translation WWW" in Gz18 of "The Collection of Nonsense", highly praised its Chinese translation of "Wan Wei Wang" (Wan Wei Wang), which is not exaggerated. The beauty of this almost perfect translation of "World Wide Web" is that it conveys meaning, form, and even spirit. It is truly a translation from God! Coincidentally, the Esperanto translation of "WWW" is "TTT", which also consists of three identical letters, and the translation is also amazing. "TTT" is the acronym for "Tut-Tera Teksa?o" in Esperanto. According to information in "Komputada leksikono" (Computer Professional Vocabulary) compiled by Russian Esperantist Sergio Pokrovskij, the original translation form of "WWW" was "Tutmonda Tekso" on the day this translation appeared, that is, August 5, 1994. On August 13, someone immediately suggested changing it to "Tut-Tera Tekso" on the Internet. Eight days later, on August 13, another person decided to translate it to "Tut-Tera Teksa?o" based on an anonymous person's suggestion. (literally "global network"). The abbreviation of this translation, TTT, has a neat form and completely consistent semantics, making it easy to read, remember, and write. This is the creation of collective intelligence. It also eloquently proves that the expressive power of Esperanto is very powerful, flexible and adaptable, and is not inferior to Chinese and English (please compare the French translation of WWW "Forum elektronique mondial" and Spanish For the translated word "Telarana Mundial", their abbreviations are "FEM" and "TM" respectively). As I write this, I can't help but think of a famous saying by Mr. Yan Fu, a modern Chinese translation master: "It takes ten months to hesitate to establish a name." A good translation can only be produced after the translator, and sometimes even several translators, have thought hard for a long time. The World Wide Web is a collection of countless web sites and web pages that together make up the majority of the Internet (the Internet also includes e-mail, Usenet, and newsgroups). It is actually a collection of multimedia connected by hyperlinks. What we usually watch online through a web browser is the content of the World Wide Web. Regarding the World Wide Web and some Esperanto terms for browsing the World Wide Web, I will introduce it in future posts. The Internet is a network that connects computer networks with different structures distributed around the world using various transmission media. Therefore, the network that some people call the network is translated into Chinese as the Internet, the Internet, the International Internet, etc. The main services provided by the Internet include World Wide Web (WWW), file transfer (FTP), email (E-mail), remote login (Telnet), etc. WWW (World Wide Web) is referred to as W3, sometimes also called Web, and its Chinese translation is World Wide Web, Global Information Network, etc. WWW was developed by the European Research Center for Nuclear Physics (ERN). Its purpose is to facilitate communication, information exchange and information inquiry for scientists around the world using the Internet. The WWW is built on the client/server model. WWW is based on Hyper Markup Language (HTML) and Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP). An information browsing system that can provide a consistent user interface for Internet services. The WWW server uses hypertext links to link information pages. These information pages can be placed on the same host or on hosts in different geographical locations; this link is maintained by a Uniform Resource Locator (URL), and the WWW client The terminal software (i.e. WWW browser) is responsible for information display and sending requests to the server. The Internet uses hypertext and hypermedia information organization methods to extend information links to the entire Internet.

Currently, users can not only access Web Server information by using WWW, but also access network services such as FTP and Telnet. Therefore, it has become the most widely used and promising access tool on the Internet, and is playing an increasingly important role in business. The WWW client program is called a WWW browser (Browser) on the Internet. It is software used to browse the WWW homepage on the Internet. Currently, the most popular browser software mainly include Netscape communicator and Microsoft Internet Explorer. WWW browsing provides a user-friendly information query interface. Users only need to put forward query requirements. As for where to query and how to query, WWW will automatically complete it. Therefore, what WWW brings to users is a worldwide hypertext service. Users can call required text, images, sounds and other information from anywhere in the world through the Internet by operating the mouse. The WWW makes the very complex Internet incredibly easy to use. The WWW browser not only opens up a convenient way for users to find rich and diverse homepage information resources on the Internet, but also provides powerful communication methods such as Usenet news groups, email and FTP protocols.