1. He attacked Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism, called himself a heresy, and opposed "taking the right and wrong of Confucius as right and wrong" and wrote "Burning Books".

2. Advocate the pursuit of personal interests and criticize apologists and hypocrites full of benevolence, righteousness and morality.

3. Li Zhi put forward the political ideal of "governing by doing nothing, moistening things quietly".

4. Li Zhi put forward the idea that "the king of heaven should be the people", which showed his dissatisfaction with the autocratic imperial power.

Huang Zongxi:

1, Huang Zongxi put forward the democratic thought of "the world is the mainstay and the monarch is the guest", and proposed to safeguard the interests of the people and serve the people. Ming Yi waiting for an interview.

2. He advocated replacing the emperor's "one-family law" with "the law of the world", demanding that the emperor's power be restricted and the people's basic rights and interests be safeguarded.

Gu:

1, he put forward the slogan "Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world" to encourage people to care about state affairs.

2. Put forward the idea of "being practical", which initiated the simple style of study. Books "Rizhilu" and "Diseases in Counties and Counties in the World".

Wang Fuzhi:

1, put forward that "justice is human desire" and opposed asceticism. Zi Zhi Tong Jian written by Song people and Zhang Zizheng Zhu Meng.

2. His thought belongs to idealism, that is, "both motion and image are static", "those who are static move, but don't move" and "those who move tend to move, and those who move are static".

Their thoughts emphasized the importance of "human", liberated people's thoughts and laid an ideological and moral foundation for the future development of capitalism.