From the Southern Song Dynasty poet Xin Qiji's "Breaking the Array, Giving Zhuang Ci to Chen Tongfu"
Xin Qiji drunk the lamp and watched the sword, dreaming of blowing the horn. Give the roast beef to the men and the band will play northern songs. This is a military parade on the battlefield in autumn. Horses run like Ma Delu, bows and arrows fly like thunder. It is a good idea for the emperor to complete the great cause of recovering the lost land of the country and gain a good reputation from generation to generation. Poor hair has become a white-haired man!
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This word begins with two antitheses of two, two and two, and through concrete and vivid description, it shows multi-layered affection. In the first sentence, there are only six words, and the image of a strong man is shaped by three continuous and distinctive actions, which makes readers realize the inner activities of the characters and imagine the living environment of the characters, which means endless. Why are you drunk? After being "drunk", why not go to bed, but "light up"? "Pick" this "light", why don't you do nothing, just pull out your sword and look at the light again and again? ..... This series of questions, as long as you carefully read the whole word, you may make the answers you deserve, so you don't need to explain. "There are more silent complaints than talking". What kind of "explanation" can show the inner world of the characters more powerfully than this wordless action?
The action of "lighting" points out the night scene again. In the dead of night, when everything is silent, the strong man can't sleep and has to drink alone. After drinking "drunk", I still can't calm down, so I follow "holding the lamp" and "watching the sword". Tossed and turned, finally fell asleep. As soon as I fell asleep, everything I just thought became a dream. "Dream" said something, but it was quickly changed to a new lens: "Dream back to the corner." A brave man woke up from a good dream and it was dawn. A military camp is connected to a military camp, and the horn rings. How powerfully the sound of the horn inspires people to forge ahead! And that strong man happens to be the general in charge of these barracks. So, he jumped up, dressed neatly, and wanted to turn everything he thought in "drunkenness" and "dreams" into reality.
Three or four sentences, there is no need to talk about antithesis, and poets also use even sentences. Too many even sentences tend to be boring; But here it's just the opposite. In two words, the skill is extremely strong, vigorous and powerful, which highlights the majestic military capacity and the high fighting mood of the generals. "800 Li under fire, 50 strings beyond the Great Wall": The soldiers rejoiced and enjoyed the roast beef presented by the general; The army played inspiring fighting music. As soon as the beef is finished, it forms a neat line. The general is full of energy and high spirits, and he is an "autumn soldier on the battlefield." How well the word "autumn" is written! Just like "Mazhuang in crisp autumn", "point soldiers" going out indicates an invincible prospect.
In terms of form, Broken Array consists of two films with the same syntax, level tone and rhyme. The beginning of the latter film is called "crossing film", which is generally written as: it must be related to the former film and "change of heart", thus indicating that this is another section, forming the realm of "mountains breaking clouds". Xin Qiji often breaks through this restriction. This is the case with the twelve brothers of the Biemao family, and so is this song "Broken Array". After "Autumn Soldiers Go to the Battlefield", it was magnificent, and it ran straight through the later film "Lu made of horses, fast speed, bow like a thunderbolt": the general took an iron horse, galloped with his whip, and quickly rushed to the front, bowing and thundering, and ten thousand arrows were fired in unison. Although there is no more description, from the flying of "Luma" and the loud noise of "Thunderbolt String", it seems that we have seen several continuous pictures: the enemy fell; Defeated soldiers, messy; The general took the lead, pursued victory, and ended the battle instantly; The victory song was played and the flag fluttered happily.
This is a counterattack. The general is patriotic, but he also pursues fame. If you win the first world war, you will go down in history, which will not only "save the monarch from the world" but also "win the name of him before and after his death". Isn't it magnificent If we stop here, it would be a "sophistry". However, in that era when the capitulators unified state affairs, there was no condition for a real "sophistry". What I wrote above is exactly the ideal that the poet is striving for. The poet used his rich imagination and became a general in the world. Just after climbing the ideal peak, he suddenly plummeted and fell back to the cold reality, lamenting deeply: "Poor white hair is born!" " White hair has been born, and the ideal of recovering lost ground has become a bubble. When I think that I only have lofty aspirations, but I "die of serving my country without a battlefield" (to borrow a sentence from Lu You's "Leading Water"), I can only eat wine in sleepless nights, watch swords in drunkenness, and chase the battlefield in my dreams for a while. ..... This situation is really "sad". However, who "pities" him? So he wrote this poem "Zhuang Ci" and sent it to Chen Tongfu in the same "poor" situation.
The same father is Chen Liang's word. Scholars call Mr. Longchuan. Brilliant, heroic, and free to speak. Claiming to be able to "tear down the wisdom and courage of a lifetime and open the heart of the ages." He successively wrote Five Theories on Zhongxing and Filial Piety, and actively advocated the war of resistance, thus being hit by capitulationists. In the winter of the fifteenth year of Song Xiaozong's precious spring, he visited Xin Qiji in Shangrao and stayed for ten days. After leaving, Xin Qiji wrote down the word "Yu Meiren" and gave it to him. He composed a song. Later, I sang it over and over again with the same plaque. This song "Broken Array" was written around this period.
In the sense of the whole word, the first nine sentences are one paragraph, which vividly depicts a heroic, loyal and brave general image, thus showing the poet's great ambition. The last sentence is a passage, expressing the grief and indignation of "ambition is hard to pay" with a deep sigh. Strong and sad, ideal and reality, form a strong contrast. From this comparison, we can think of the corruption and incompetence of the court in the Southern Song Dynasty, the people's dire straits, and the anguish that all patriots could not serve the country. It can be seen that extremely bold words can also be written in an extremely subtle way, but they are different from the subtle ones of the graceful school.
There is something noteworthy about the tone of this word. The upper and lower six sentences in the Broken Array are all flat, that is, the previous one is flat and the next one is flat, which constitutes a harmonious and soothing syllable. There are two seven-character sentences in the upper and lower films, but they are not flat, but flat and flat, forming an angry and violent syllable. Harmony and anger, liberation and agitation form a contradictory unity. The author makes good use of this tone of contradiction and unity, and appropriately shows the complex psychological changes of the lyric hero and the transformation of many scenes such as battle preparation, battle progress and battle victory in the dream, which has received vivid artistic effects.
The layout of this word is also noteworthy. The phrase "get drunk while watching the sword" suddenly sounded, followed by the taste of dreams, the division of company battalions, the direction of soldiers on the battlefield, and the victory of the enemy, protruding like an eagle, soaring into the sky. However, when soaring in the sky, it suddenly fell and sighed that "poverty happened", which forced readers to shed tears of pity for the author's ambition. This style of writing, which plummets and comes to an abrupt end at the same time, is often exciting because of its unexpected strong artistic effect if used well.